Nonoxynol-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant and vaginal spermicide used for contraception in spermicidal creams, jellies, foams, gel, and lubricants. It is also used in conjuction with other methods of contraception, including condoms, cervical caps and diaphragms. Nonoxynol-9 interacts with the lipids in the membranes of the acrosome and the midpiece of the sperm. The sperm membranes are lysed; the acrosome, neck and midpiece of the spermatozoa are loosened and then detached which results in their immobilization and death. Nonoxynol-9 offers no protection against sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea, chlamydia and does not prevent HIV infection and may even favour infection if used frequently. A possible reason, is that nonoxynol-9 can disrupt the epithelium, or wall, of the vagina, thereby potentially facilitating invasion by an infective organism and virus. Nonoxynol-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products.
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: P35354 Gene ID: 5743.0 Gene Symbol: PTGS2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
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Target ID: CHEMBL614870 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL613758 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL3390826 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preventing | TODAY VAGINAL CONTRACEPTIVE Approved UsePrevents pregnancy |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Efficacy of nonoxynol 9 contraceptive sponge use in preventing heterosexual acquisition of HIV in Nairobi prostitutes. | 1992 Jul 22-29 |
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| WHO/CONRAD technical consultation on nonoxynol-9, World Health Organization, Geneva, 9-10 October 2001: summary report. | 2002 Nov |
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| Nonoxynol-9 ineffective in preventing HIV infection. | 2002 Sep |
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| Contraceptive activity of a spermicidal aryl phosphate derivative of bromo-methoxy-zidovudine (compound WHI-07) in rabbits. | 2003 Apr |
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| The combined contraceptive ring NuvaRing and spermicide co-medication. | 2003 Apr |
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| Nonoxynol-9 ineffective in preventing HIV infection. | 2003 Apr |
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| Rectal use of nonoxynol-9 among men who have sex with men. | 2003 Apr 11 |
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| Effect of spermicides on Lactobacillus acidophilus in vitro-nonoxynol-9 vs. Sapindus saponins. | 2003 Aug |
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| Potent dual anti-HIV and spermicidal activities of novel oxovanadium(V) complexes with thiourea non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. | 2003 Mar 7 |
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| Water dispersible microbicidal cellulose acetate phthalate film. | 2003 Nov 14 |
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| [Contraceptive efficacy of bioadhesive nonoxynol-9 Gel: comparison with nonoxynol-9 suppository]. | 2003 Oct |
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| Disruption of the upper female reproductive tract epithelium by nonoxynol-9. | 2003 Oct |
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| In vitro release of nonoxynol-9 from silicone matrix intravaginal rings. | 2003 Sep 4 |
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| Final report on the safety assessment of octoxynol-1, octoxynol-3, octoxynol-5, octoxynol-6, octoxynol-7, octoxynol-8, octoxynol-9, octoxynol-10, octoxynol-11, octoxynol-12, octoxynol-13, octoxynol-16, octoxynol-20, octoxynol-25, octoxynol-30, octoxynol-33, octoxynol-40, octoxynol-70, octoxynol-9 carboxylic acid, octoxynol-20 carboxylic acid, potassium octoxynol-12 phosphate, sodium octoxynol-2 ethane sulfonate, sodium octoxynol-2 sulfate, sodium octoxynol-6 sulfate, and sodium octoxynol-9 sulfate. | 2004 |
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| Clinical development of microbicides for the prevention of HIV infection. | 2004 |
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| The evaluation of the local tolerance of vaginal formulations, with or without nonoxynol-9, using the slug mucosal irritation test. | 2004 Apr |
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| Efficacy of animal anti-fertility compounds against sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) spermatozoa. | 2004 Apr 15 |
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| Lubricants containing N-9 may enhance rectal transmission of HIV and other STIs. | 2004 Aug |
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| Clinical microbicide research: an overview. | 2004 Dec |
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| Condom use assessment of persons in drug abuse treatment. | 2004 Dec |
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| Postcoital testing after the use of a bio-adhesive acid buffering gel (ACIDFORM) and a 2% nonoxynol-9 product. | 2004 Dec |
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| Single and multiple exposure tolerance study of polystyrene sulfonate gel: a phase I safety and colposcopy study. | 2004 Jul |
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| Synthesis and spermicidal activity of a putative nitric oxide-releasing derivative of nonoxynol-9. | 2004 Jul |
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| Acceptability of COL-1492, a vaginal gel, among sex workers in one Asian and three African cities. | 2004 Jun |
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| Contraceptive effectiveness and safety of five nonoxynol-9 spermicides: a randomized trial. | 2004 Mar |
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| Prevention of genital herpes in a guinea pig model using a glycoprotein D-specific single chain antibody as a microbicide. | 2004 Nov 23 |
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| Nonoxynol-9 100 mg gel: multi-site safety study from sub-Saharan Africa. | 2004 Nov 5 |
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| Mutagenicity of vaginal spermicides containing nonoxynol-9 in a bacterial assay. | 2004 Oct |
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| In vitro comparison of topical microbicides for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission. | 2004 Oct |
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| Participant characteristics associated with withdrawal from a large randomized trial of spermicide effectiveness. | 2004 Oct 1 |
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| A case study on forensic polymer analysis by DIOS-MS: the suspect who gave us the SLIP. | 2004 Sep |
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| A randomized Phase I vaginal safety study of three concentrations of C31G vs. Extra Strength Gynol II. | 2004 Sep |
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| Male tolerance study of 1% C31G. | 2004 Sep |
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| Spermicidal effect of Jieze No. 1 in combination with nonoxynol-9 in vitro. | 2005 |
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| Inactivation of HIV-1 in breast milk by treatment with the alkyl sulfate microbicide sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). | 2005 Apr 29 |
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| Why nonoxynol-9 may have failed to prevent acquisition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in clinical trials. | 2005 Aug |
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| Discovery of substituted isoxazolecarbaldehydes as potent spermicides, acrosin inhibitors and mild anti-fungal agents. | 2005 Aug |
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| Nonoxynol-9 induces apoptosis of endometrial explants by both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. | 2005 Aug |
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| The effect of nonoxynol-9 on human endometrium. | 2005 Feb |
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| Lea's Shield: colposcopic and microbiological testing during 8 weeks of use. | 2005 Jul |
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| Acceptability of five nonoxynol-9 spermicides. | 2005 Jun |
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| Antimicrobial peptides as microbicidal contraceptives: prophecies for prophylactics--a mini review. | 2005 Mar |
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| Review of non-hormonal contraception (condoms, intrauterine devices, nonoxynol-9 and combos) on HIV acquisition. | 2005 Mar |
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| The development of vaginal microbicides for the prevention of HIV transmission. | 2005 May |
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| A human colorectal explant culture to evaluate topical microbicides for the prevention of HIV infection. | 2005 Nov 1 |
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| Spermicide used alone for contraception. | 2005 Oct 19 |
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| Impact of membrane cholesterol content on the resistance of vesicles to surfactant attack. | 2005 Oct 25 |
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| Polybiguanides, particularly polyethylene hexamethylene biguanide, have activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | 2005 Sep |
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| Prolonged exposure to the candidate microbicide C31G differentially reduces cellular sensitivity to agent re-exposure. | 2005 Sep |
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| Low pH immobilizes and kills human leukocytes and prevents transmission of cell-associated HIV in a mouse model. | 2005 Sep 30 |
| Substance Class |
Polymer
Created
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Sat Dec 16 01:42:58 UTC 2023
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Sat Dec 16 01:42:58 UTC 2023
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| Record UNII |
48Q180SH9T
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Validated (UNII)
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C82130
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1467950
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NONOXYNOL-9
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Nonoxynol-9
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26571-11-9
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C82312
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SUB21838
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CHEMBL1410
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26027-38-3
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GENERIC (FAMILY) | |||
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NONOXYNOL-9
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PRIMARY | Description: A clear, colourless to light yellow, viscous liquid. Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol (~750 g/l) TS and olive oil R. Category: Adjunctive contraceptive agent. Storage: Nonoxinol 9 should be kept in a tightly closed container.Additional information: Nonoxinol 9 should be kept away from oxidizing agents. RequirementsDefinition: Nonoxinol 9 is an anhydrous liquid mixture containing mainly monononylphenyl ethers of macrogols. The content is not less than 95.0% and not more than 105.0% of Nonoxinol 9, calculated with reference to the anhydroussubstance. | ||
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48Q180SH9T
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26571-11-9
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
| Name | Property Type | Amount | Referenced Substance | Defining | Parameters | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOL_WEIGHT:CALCULATED | CHEMICAL |
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