| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C16H18N2O4S.C4H4N2 |
| Molecular Weight | 414.478 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
C1=CN=CN=C1.[H][C@]23SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N2C(=O)[C@H]3NC(=O)CC4=CC=CC=C4)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=ZMZWDDSEAIEIPT-LQDWTQKMSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H18N2O4S.C4H4N2/c1-16(2)12(15(21)22)18-13(20)11(14(18)23-16)17-10(19)8-9-6-4-3-5-7-9;1-2-5-4-6-3-1/h3-7,11-12,14H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H,21,22);1-4H/t11-,12+,14-;/m1./s1
| Molecular Formula | C4H4N2 |
| Molecular Weight | 80.088 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
MOL RATIO
UNKNOWN |
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C16H18N2O4S |
| Molecular Weight | 334.39 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
MOL RATIO
1 MOL RATIO (average) |
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Penicillin G, also known as benzylpenicillin, is a penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly due to poor oral absorption. Penicillin G may also be used in some cases as prophylaxis against susceptible organisms. Microbiology Penicillin G is bactericidal against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It acts by inhibiting biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide. It is not active against the penicillinase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of staphylococci. Penicillin G is highly active in vitro against staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci (groups A, B, C, G, H, L and M), pneumococci and Neisseria meningitidis. Other organisms susceptible in vitro to penicillin G are Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis, clostridia, Actinomyces species, Spirillum minus, Streptobacillus monillformis, Listeria monocytogenes, and leptospira; Treponema pallidum is extremely susceptible. Adverse effects can include hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria, fever, joint pains, rashes, angioedema, anaphylaxis, serum sickness-like reaction.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Overview
| CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
|---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
| Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Drug as victim
Sourcing
Sample Use Guides
Serious infections due to susceptible strains of streptococci (including
S. pneumoniae): 5 to 24 million units/day depending on the infection and its severity administered in equally divided doses every 4 to 6 hours
Anthrax: Minimum of 8 million units/day in divided doses every 6 hours. Higher doses may be required depending on susceptibility of organism
Actinomycosis: 1 to 6 million units/day
Diphtheria (adjunctive therapy to antitoxin and for the prevention of the carrier state): 2 to 3 million units/day in divided doses for 10 to 12 days
Listeria infections, Meningitis: 15 to 20 million units/day for 2 weeks
Route of Administration:
Other
It was studied the antioxidant activity of penicillin G (PG) through its reactivity towards reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion radical, O2•̅; hydroxyl radical, HO• ; peroxyl radical, ROO• ; hydrogen peroxide, H2 O2 ; DPPH• ) using various in vitro antioxidant assays with chemiluminescence (CL) and spectrophotometry as measurement techniques. In hydroxyl radical assays , PG was found to inhibit the CL signal arising from the Fenton-like reaction in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 = 0.480 ± 0.020 mM. The highest reactivity of PG among the tested penicillins towards the HO radical was confirmed in the deoxyribose degradation assay.
