Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | Co |
Molecular Weight | 58.9332 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Co]
InChI
InChIKey=GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/Co
Molecular Formula | Co |
Molecular Weight | 58.9332 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Cobalt is a lustrous, silvery-blue magnetic metal. Cobalt is a bioessential element due to its location at the centre of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 plays a number of vital roles in the physiology of the human body. Cobalt is also important in treatments of radiotherapy in the form of the isotope 60Co. Other medical uses of cobalt include the detection of tumours and metastases, sterilisation of surgical equipment and the imaging of damage to the brain. Cobalt is also used in the prosthetic alloys sector, being utilised in hip, knee and dental replacements. There are inorganic cobalt complexes that elicit biological effects with potential use as pharmaceutical agents. Three classes of cobalt complexes are present: 1) complexes that directly act on biomolecules through ligand exchange, 2) complexes that modify the activity of ligated drugs and 3) complexes that are activated by bioreduction to either (I) yield a cobalt effector species or (II) release a small molecule drug. Cobalt can cause a distinctive, rapidly progressive and reversible depression of cardiac systolic function, which is readily distinguished from other causes of cardiomyopathy.
Originator
Approval Year
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Human and canine ventricular vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: decrease with heart failure. | 1986 Jul |
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Calcium influx: an intracellular message of the mitogenic action of insulin-like growth factor-I. | 1988 Nov 15 |
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Characterization of the ATPase activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 membrane glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) associated with multidrug resistance in K562/ADM cells. | 1988 Sep 1 |
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[Calcium influx: an intracellular message of the mitogenic action of insulin-like growth factors]. | 1989 Mar |
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Arachidonic acid-induced calcium influx in human platelets. Comparison with the effect of thrombin. | 1990 Dec 1 |
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Aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor DNA-binding activity. Sequence specificity and Zn2+ requirement. | 1990 Jun 5 |
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Subchronic inhalation of soluble manganese induces expression of hypoxia-associated angiogenic genes in adult mouse lungs. | 2007 Jun 1 |
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Global gene expression profiling in human lung cells exposed to cobalt. | 2007 Jun 6 |
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Characterization and distribution of the selected metals in the scalp hair of cancer patients in comparison with normal donors. | 2007 Sep |
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Cobalt ameliorates renal injury in an obese, hypertensive type 2 diabetes rat model. | 2008 Apr |
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In vitro expression of hard metal dust (WC-Co)--responsive genes in human peripheral blood mononucleated cells. | 2008 Mar 1 |
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Effects of various metal ions on the gene expression of iron exporter ferroportin-1 in J774 macrophages. | 2008 Winter |
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Size-dependent effects of tungsten carbide-cobalt particles on oxygen radical production and activation of cell signaling pathways in murine epidermal cells. | 2009 Dec 15 |
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Cobalt ions induce chemokine secretion in primary human osteoblasts. | 2009 Jul |
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Tungsten carbide-cobalt particles activate Nrf2 and its downstream target genes in JB6 cells possibly by ROS generation. | 2010 |
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The monitoring of trace elements in blood samples from patients with inborn errors of metabolism. | 2010 Dec |
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Tungsten carbide cobalt nanoparticles exert hypoxia-like effects on the gene expression level in human keratinocytes. | 2010 Jan 27 |
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Enhanced photodynamic effect of cobalt(III) dipyridophenazine complex on thyrotropin receptor expressing HEK293 cells. | 2010 Nov |
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Purification and characterization of porcine skeletal muscle aminopeptidase T, a novel metallopeptidase homologous to leukotriene A4 hydrolase. | 2011 |
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NRF2 Oxidative Stress Induced by Heavy Metals is Cell Type Dependent. | 2011 |
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Metals affect the structure and activity of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. II. Binding affinity and conformational changes. | 2011 Feb |
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Metals affect the structure and activity of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. I. Modulation of stability and protease inhibition. | 2011 Feb |
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Reactive oxygen species and oxidative DNA damage mediate the cytotoxicity of tungsten-nickel-cobalt alloys in vitro. | 2011 Jan 1 |
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Cytotoxic property of surfactant-cobalt(III) complexes on a human breast cancer cell line. | 2011 Jul |
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The synthesis and characterization of a series of cobalt(II) β-ketoaminato complexes and their cytotoxic activity towards human tumor cell lines. | 2011 Jun |
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Cobalt-induced oxidative stress in brain, liver and kidney of goldfish Carassius auratus. | 2011 Oct |
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Effects of cobalt nanoparticles on human T cells in vitro. | 2012 Apr |
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A novel water soluble ligand bridged cobalt(II) coordination polymer of 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde (isonicotinic) hydrazone: evaluation of the DNA binding, protein interaction, radical scavenging and anticancer activity. | 2012 Apr 21 |
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Substrate profile and metal-ion selectivity of human divalent metal-ion transporter-1. | 2012 Aug 31 |
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The effects of cobalt on the development, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. | 2012 Dec |
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Biological evaluation of cobalt(II) complexes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen. | 2012 Feb |
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Pulmonary toxicity after exposure to military-relevant heavy metal tungsten alloy particles. | 2012 Feb 15 |
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Cobalt(II) β-ketoaminato complexes as novel inhibitors of neuroinflammation. | 2012 Feb 15 |
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Gene expression profiles for genotoxic effects of silica-free and silica-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. | 2012 Jan |
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The iron transporter ferroportin can also function as a manganese exporter. | 2012 Mar |
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Goldfish exposure to cobalt enhances hemoglobin level and triggers tissue-specific elevation of antioxidant defenses in gills, heart and spleen. | 2012 Mar |
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Allosteric inhibition of cobalt binding to albumin by fatty acids: implications for the detection of myocardial ischemia. | 2012 May 10 |
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In vivo corrosion, tumor outcome, and microarray gene expression for two types of muscle-implanted tungsten alloys. | 2012 Nov 15 |
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ZIP8 is an iron and zinc transporter whose cell-surface expression is up-regulated by cellular iron loading. | 2012 Oct 5 |
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Induction of miR-21-PDCD4 signaling by tungsten carbide-cobalt nanoparticles in JB6 cells involves ROS-mediated MAPK pathways. | 2013 |
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Increased zinc and manganese in parallel with neurodegeneration, synaptic protein changes and activation of Akt/GSK3 signaling in ovine CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. | 2013 |
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Uptake, p53 pathway activation, and cytotoxic responses for Co(II) and Ni(II) in human lung cells: implications for carcinogenicity. | 2013 Dec |
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Hard-metal (WC-Co) particles trigger a signaling cascade involving p38 MAPK, HIF-1α, HMOX1, and p53 activation in human PBMC. | 2013 Feb |
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Altered biometal homeostasis is associated with CLN6 mRNA loss in mouse neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. | 2013 Jun 15 |
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Bioeffects of a combination of trace elements on adipocyte biology. | 2013 May |
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Metal allergens induce nitric oxide production by mouse dermal fibroblasts via the hypoxia-inducible factor-2α-dependent pathway. | 2013 Sep |
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Cobalt and nickel stabilize stem cell transcription factor OCT4 through modulating its sumoylation and ubiquitination. | 2014 |
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BNIP3 upregulation by ERK and JNK mediates cadmium-induced necrosis in neuronal cells. | 2014 Aug 1 |
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Suppression of erythropoietin induction by diethylstilbestrol in rats. | 2014 Jan |
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Comparative toxicity and carcinogenicity of soluble and insoluble cobalt compounds. | 2015 Jul 3 |
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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admin
on
Edited
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by
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on
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Record UNII |
3G0H8C9362
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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42 (Number of products:65)
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N0000185508
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C896
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1310300
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Cobalt
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104730
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34631
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DB14574
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C382
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SUB13406MIG
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3G0H8C9362
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DTXSID1031040
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D003035
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N0000171131
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N0000175629
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PRIMARY | Increased Histamine Release [PE] | ||
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N0000184306
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231-158-0
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m3681
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27638
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