Sodium permanganate is the inorganic compound used as oxidant and etchant in printed circuitry. Sodium permanganate is a purplish-colored, inorganic salt compound, which is primarily available in aqueous form as a monohydrate. It is miscible in water, ether, ethanol, and liquid chlorine. Sodium permanganate offers a high concentration of permanganate ions. Owing to high solubility in water, it is used for etching of plastic parts, as etching requires a high concentration of permanganate ions. Sodium permanganate is also used for water treatment and soil treatment, as it is capable of degrading phenols, BTEX, chlorinated ethenes, and PAHS and removing hydrogen sulfide.