JTE-607 is a multiple cytokine inhibitor. JTE-607 inhibited inflammatory cytokine production, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, from LPS-stimulated human PBMCs. This compound may be useful for the treatment of various cytokine-mediated diseases such as septic shock without causing immunosuppression. JTE-607 may thus be efficacious in cytokine-mediated lung inflammation such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. JTE-607 inhibits the production of IL-10, IL-1ra and C-reactive protein in a human model of endotoxemia. In a leukaemia model engrafted with U-937 cells, JTE-607 significantly prolonged survival in mice and reduced human cytokine mRNA levels in the bone marrow. These results suggest the usefulness of JTE-607 in therapeutic applications for patients with hypercytokinemia and aggressive acute myelogenous leukaemia cell proliferation. JTE-607 had been in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome but this study was discontinued.