U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula CO2
Molecular Weight 44.0095
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Carbon dioxide

SMILES

O=C=O

InChI

InChIKey=CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula CO2
Molecular Weight 44.0095
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas occurring naturally in Earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a primary carbon source for life on Earth. It is produced by all aerobic organisms during metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Carbon dioxide is used in food industry as an acidity regulator and for production of carbonated soft drinks and soda water. In medicine, carbon dioxide is commonly used as an insufflation gas for minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy, endoscopy, and arthroscopy) to enlarge and stabilize body cavities to provide better visibility of the surgical area. A mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen is used for stimulation of breathing after apnea, in anesthetic procedures to increase the depth of respiration, to facilitate blind intubations in anesthetic practice.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Carbon dioxide is naturally produced in all tissues.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used to stimulate respiration after a period of apnoea
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used in chronic respiratory obstruction after it has been relieved
Palliative
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used to increase cerebral blood flow in arteriosclerotic patients undergoing surgery
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol by two Rhodococcus erythropolis strains, HL 24-1 and HL 24-2.
1992 Sep
Effect of sludge-amendment or nutrient addition on the biodegradation of the herbicide isoproturon in soil.
2001 Aug
On-line estimation of the metabolic burden resulting from the synthesis of plasmid-encoded and heat-shock proteins by monitoring respiratory energy generation.
2001 Dec
Modulation by muscarinic antagonists of the response to carbon dioxide challenge in panic disorder.
2001 Feb
[Sinusoidal modulated currents alone and in combination with carbon dioxide-hydrogen sulfide baths in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis].
2001 Jul-Aug
Resonance Raman studies of the iron(II)--alpha-keto acid chromophore in model and enzyme complexes.
2001 May 30
An indirect ELISA for detection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in farmed blue foxes (Alopex lagopus).
2002
Prevalence of fat embolism following bilateral simultaneous and unilateral total hip arthroplasty performed with or without cement : a prospective, randomized clinical study.
2002 Aug
Reduced natriuretic response to acute sodium loading in COMT gene deleted mice.
2002 Aug 21
Observations on the early results of treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis using cidofovir.
2002 Dec
[Study on the expression of E2 gene of classical swine fever virus in Pichia pastoris and the immunological activity of its expression product].
2002 Jan
Gas-phase ozonolysis of alkenes: formation of OH from anti carbonyl oxides.
2002 Jul 24
Site of nucleophilic attack and ring opening of five-membered heterocyclic 2,3-diones: a density functional theory study.
2002 Oct 18
Acoustic attenuation in gas mixtures with nitrogen: experimental data and calculations.
2003 Apr
Mechanism of action of the diazabicyclononanone-type kappa-agonists.
2003 Apr 10
Mutation induced modulation of hydrogen bonding to P700 studied using FTIR difference spectroscopy.
2003 Aug 26
[Severe nephrotic syndrome in a young man taking anabolic steroid and creatine long term].
2003 Dec 7
Supercritical fluid processing of proteins: lysozyme precipitation from aqueous solution.
2003 Feb
Applications of laser-based ultrasonics to the characterization of the internal structure of teeth.
2003 Jul
[Effect of premedication on the formation of postoperative pain syndrome].
2003 Jul-Aug
Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty for the treatment of snoring and mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
2003 Jun
Occult supraglottic lymphatic malformation presenting as obstructive sleep apnea.
2003 Mar
Can preconditioning reduce laparoscopy-induced tissue injury?
2003 May
High-sensitivity photoacoustic leak testing.
2003 Oct
Identification of intramembrane hydrogen bonding between 13(1) keto group of bacteriochlorophyll and serine residue alpha27 in the LH2 light-harvesting complex.
2003 Oct 17
Carbon-dioxide laser-assisted tonsil ablation for adults with chronic tonsillitis: a 6-month follow-up study.
2003 Sep
Antiangiogenic therapy with pioglitazone, rofecoxib, and trofosfamide in a patient with endemic kaposi sarcoma.
2004 Dec
Tretinoin treatment before carbon-dioxide laser resurfacing: a clinical and biochemical analysis.
2004 Dec
Isolation and characterization of a novel sphingomonad capable of growth with chrysene as sole carbon and energy source.
2004 Dec 15
FTIR difference spectroscopy in combination with isotope labeling for identification of the carbonyl modes of P700 and P700+ in photosystem I.
2004 Feb
Lack of difference in the rates of hypopigmentation with 90-microsecond pulsed and longer dwell time carbon-dioxide laser resurfacing.
2004 Feb
CO2, not HCO3-, facilitates oxidations by Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase plus H2O2.
2004 Jan 20
Influence of the organophosphorus insecticide phosphamidon on lentic water.
2004 Jul
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of chamomile flowers: extraction efficiency, stability, and in-line inclusion of chamomile-carbon dioxide extract in beta-cyclodextrin.
2004 Jul-Aug
Hypoxia up-regulates triosephosphate isomerase expression via a HIF-dependent pathway.
2004 May
Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm capacitation / acrosome reaction.
2004 Nov 9
Photochemical preparation of highly functionalized 1-indanones.
2004 Oct 29
Retention characteristics of porous graphitic carbon in subcritical fluid chromatography with carbon dioxide-methanol mobile phases.
2004 Sep 3
Anti-L-selectin antibody therapy does not worsen the postseptic course in a baboon model.
2005
Coupling aggressive mass removal with microbial reductive dechlorination for remediation of DNAPL source zones: a review and assessment.
2005 Apr
Laryngeal amyloidosis.
2005 Feb
Angiokeratoma circumscriptum naeviforme: successful treatment with carbon-dioxide laser vaporization.
2005 Feb
A1 reduction in intact cyanobacterial photosystem I particles studied by time-resolved step-scan Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy and isotope labeling.
2005 Feb 15
Low-concentration carbon dioxide is an effective adjunct to positive airway pressure in the treatment of refractory mixed central and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing.
2005 Jan
[Development of gastrotonometry and the future of its use in the monitoring of critically ill patients].
2005 Jan 23
Strong effects of an individual water molecule on the rate of light-driven charge separation in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center.
2005 Jul 22
Differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells into cells with a neural phenotype: diverse effects of two specific treatments.
2006 Feb 16
Potentiating effect of tramadol on methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice.
2006 Mar
Characterisation of stationary phases in subcritical fluid chromatography with the solvation parameter model. III. Polar stationary phases.
2006 Mar 31
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Carbon dioxide is usually administered through the lungs by inhalation. The major exceptions are when a metered supply is fed into the oxygenator of an extracorporeal circulation of a cardiopulmonary bypass system, and when the gas is used for laparoscopic surgery. As an additive to beverages, carbon dioxide is consumed orally.
Route of Administration: Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
Record UNII
142M471B3J
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Related Record Type
Name Type Language
Carbon dioxide
EP   FCC   HSDB   II   INCI   MART.   MI   USP   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INCI  
Official Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [INCI]
Common Name English
INS NO.290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [HSDB]
Common Name English
E-290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
DRY ICE (SOLID FORM)
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [VANDF]
Common Name English
INS-290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [JAN]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [II]
Common Name English
CO2
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [MI]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [FCC]
Common Name English
Carbon dioxide [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
CARBONIC ACID ANHYDRIDE
Systematic Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
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JECFA EVALUATION INS-290
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WHO-ATC A06AX02
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LOINC 19212-0
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CFR 21 CFR 862.1160
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) INS-290
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE 16601
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG 465114
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DSLD 3848 (Number of products:1)
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CFR 21 CFR 184.1240
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WHO-VATC QV03AN02
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WHO-ATC V03AN02
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Code System Code Type Description
DRUG CENTRAL
4256
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
142M471B3J
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000076280
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PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB09157
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PRIMARY
CAS
124-38-9
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PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID4027028
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m3079
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Merck Index
HSDB
516
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PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1231871
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
CARBON DIOXIDE
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
142M471B3J
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PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
280
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PRIMARY
MESH
D002245
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PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C65288
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PRIMARY
RXCUI
2034
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PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB13243MIG
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PRIMARY
CHEBI
16526
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PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
204-696-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
CARBON DIOXIDE (% Vol.) Non-filtered cigarette(85 mm) Univ Kentucky- 9.4 Filtered cigarette(85 mm) New Yorl City- 9.6 Little cigars A(85 mm) Boston-8.5 Little cigars B (85 mm),New York City-13.2 Small cigars C(95 mm),New York City-12.7
SUB_CONCEPT->SUBSTANCE
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> METABOLITE INACTIVE
Unit: percent of total dose excreted (into Expired Air; 39.7% to 58.6%)
IN-VIVO
PARENT -> METABOLITE
MAJOR
EXHALATION
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY