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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight 240.433
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of THIRAM

SMILES

CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C

InChI

InChIKey=KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C6H12N2S4/c1-7(2)5(9)11-12-6(10)8(3)4/h1-4H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight 240.433
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created using several sources including: http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/pyrethrins-ziram/thiram-ext.html; http://www.beyondpesticides.org/assets/media/documents/pesticides/factsheets/thiram.pdf

Thiram is a pesticide, It is used as a fungicide, ectoparasiticide to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops. It is also used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents and deer. Thiram belongs to the ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) chemical class. It is available as dust, flowable, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, and water suspension formulations and in mixtures with other fungicides. Thiram has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap. Thiram is a skin sensitizer. It is moderately toxic by ingestion, but it is highly toxic if inhaled. Acute exposure in humans may cause headaches, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal complaints. In rats and mice, large doses of thiram produced muscle incoordination, hyperactivity followed by inactivity, loss of muscular tone, labored breathing, convulsions and death.

CNS Activity

CNS Active
4002
Curator's Comment: Thiram may cause damage to the nervous system.

Originator

DuPont
6
Curator's Comment: First Produced in 1931 by DuPont, thiram is now made by Gustafson, Prochimie International and others

Approval Year

1994
152
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Zinc- and oxidative property-dependent degradation of pro-caspase-1 and NLRP3 by ziram in mouse macrophages.
2015-06-15
Ziram and sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate inhibit ubiquitin activation through intracellular metal transport and increased oxidative stress in HEK293 cells.
2015-04-20
Gene expressions changes in bronchial epithelial cells: markers for respiratory sensitizers and exploration of the NRF2 pathway.
2014-03
Expression and identification of recombinant chicken vascular endothelial growth factor in Pichia pastoris and its role in the pathogenesis of tibial dyschondroplasia.
2013-12
Development of a new in vitro skin sensitization assay (Epidermal Sensitization Assay; EpiSensA) using reconstructed human epidermis.
2013-12
NCTC 2544 and IL-18 production: a tool for the identification of contact allergens.
2013-04
Development of an in vitro dendritic cell-based test for skin sensitizer identification.
2013-03-18
Effect of thiram on avian growth plate chondrocytes in culture.
2013-02
Species-specific differences in the inhibition of human and zebrafish 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 by thiram and organotins.
2012-11-15
An in vitro test to screen skin sensitizers using a stable THP-1-derived IL-8 reporter cell line, THP-G8.
2011-12
Environmental impact on vascular development predicted by high-throughput screening.
2011-11
The intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility and predictivity of the KeratinoSens assay to predict skin sensitizers in vitro: results of a ring-study in five laboratories.
2011-04
The study on the time dependency and the stability of cobalt sulphide nanoparticles under an electron beam.
2010-09
Dithiocarbamates induce craniofacial abnormalities and downregulate sox9a during zebrafish development.
2010-09
Contact allergy to thiurams: multifactorial analysis of clinical surveillance data collected by the IVDK network.
2010-08
Gene markers in dendritic cells unravel pieces of the skin sensitization puzzle.
2010-07-01
Phytopharmacology of Ficus religiosa.
2010-07
Dithiocarbamates are teratogenic to developing zebrafish through inhibition of lysyl oxidase activity.
2010-04-15
One- and two-electron-transfer reactions of (dpp-Bian)Sm(dme)3.
2010-03-15
Comparison of a novel CXCL12/CCL5 dependent migration assay with CXCL8 secretion and CD86 expression for distinguishing sensitizers from non-sensitizers using MUTZ-3 Langerhans cells.
2010-03
Inactivation of respiratory syncytial virus by zinc finger reactive compounds.
2010-01-26
Toxicology in the fast lane: application of high-throughput bioassays to detect modulation of key enzymes and receptors.
2009-12
[Patient's comfort during cicatrization and wound protection process due to the use of Nobecutan plastic dressing administered by an aerosol].
2009-11
High-throughput cell-based screening of 4910 known drugs and drug-like small molecules identifies disulfiram as an inhibitor of prostate cancer cell growth.
2009-10-01
A plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CD123+/CD11c-) based assay system to predict contact allergenicity of chemicals.
2009-10-01
The effect of precursor concentration, temperature and capping group on the morphology of CdS nanoparticles.
2009-08
Use of IL-18 production in a human keratinocyte cell line to discriminate contact sensitizers from irritants and low molecular weight respiratory allergens.
2009-08
THP-1 monocytes but not macrophages as a potential alternative for CD34+ dendritic cells to identify chemical skin sensitizers.
2009-04-15
Homolytic S-S bond dissociation of 11 bis(thiocarbonyl)disulfides R-C(=S)-S-S-C(=S)R and prediction of a novel rubber vulcanization accelerator.
2008-06-02
Role of p38 MAPK in the selective release of IL-8 induced by chemical allergen in naive THp-1 cells.
2008-03
Changes in antioxidant defense systems induced by thiram in V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts.
2008-02
Complexation of the vulcanization accelerator tetramethylthiuram disulfide and related molecules with zinc compounds including zinc oxide clusters (Zn4O4).
2008
Flow and batch systems for copper(II) potentiometric sensing.
2007-11-30
Thiram-induced changes in the expression of genes relating to vascularization and tibial dyschondroplasia.
2007-11
Oxygen consumption by Daphnia magna Straus as a marker of chemical stress in the aquatic environment.
2007-09
Survival of bio-inoculants on fungicides-treated seeds of wheat, pea and chickpea and subsequent effect on chickpea yield.
2007-08
Induction of tibial dyschondroplasia in turkeys by tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram).
2007-08
Induction of tibial dyschondroplasia by carbamate and thiocarbamate pesticides.
2007-06
Differential regulation of MMPs and matrix assembly in chicken and turkey growth-plate chondrocytes.
2007-06
Homolytic dissociation of the vulcanization accelerator tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) and structures and stabilities of the related radicals Me2NCSn* (n = 1-4).
2006-12-08
Prediction of estrogen receptor agonists and characterization of associated molecular descriptors by statistical learning methods.
2006-11
Reduction of glucocorticoid receptor ligand binding by the 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 inhibitor, Thiram.
2006-10
Erythema multiforme-like eruption due to carbamates and thiuram.
2006-06-06
Pesticide exposure: the hormonal function of the female reproductive system disrupted?
2006-05-31
Cross-reactivity between thiurams.
2006-03
Evaluation of selected chemotypes in coupled cellular and molecular target-based screens identifies novel HIV-1 zinc finger inhibitors.
1996-09-13
The w/w+ SMART is a useful tool for the evaluation of pesticides.
1994-07
Clastogenic effects of the dithiocarbamate fungicides thiram and ziram in Chinese hamster cell lines cultured in vitro.
1994
[Contact eczema caused by pesticides in East Germany].
1989
The antifertility and antiadrenergic actions of thiocarbamate fungicides in laying hens.
1984-02
Patents

Patents

03992448
1
JP2002338758A
1
JP2004196684A
1
JP2004292593A
1
JP2005041974A
1
JP2005263916A
1
JP2005502754A
3
JP2005504859A
1
JP2005519144A
1
JP2006167919A
1
JP2007169253A
1
JP2007262199A
1
JP2008509189A
189
JP2009030037A
1
JP2009108117A
1
JP2010515782A
1
JP2011527306A
56
JP4728220B2
15
JP4794454B2
3
JP5369690B2
1
JPH00356544A
1
JPH02214758A
1
JPH02227444A
1
JPH0234644A
1
JPH0359087A
1
JPH04348161A
1
JPH04353568A
2
JPH0459842A
1
JPH05139919A
2
JPH05170723A
1
JPH069822A
1
JPH07252103A
1
JPH0753234A
1
JPH0820675A
1
JPH09132005A
1
JPH0920847A
1
JPS05910504A
1
JPS53149284A
1
JPS5364263A
1
JPS5399293A
1
JPS5653604A
1
JPS57149357A
1
JPS57159846A
1
JPS58198549A
1
JPS582321A
1
JPS5910504A
1
JPS59106406A
2
JPS5943244A
1
JPS6060193A
2
JPS6443549A
1

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Unknown
Route of Administration: Unknown
In Vitro Use Guide
The chondrocytes, isolated from proximal tibial growth plates of 2-week old chickens, were cultured with or without a sub-lethal (1 uM) concentration of thiram for 48 hr
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
Record UNII
0D771IS0FH
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
THIRAM
HSDB   INCI   INN   ISO   MART.   MI   USAN   WHO-DD  
INCI   INN   USAN  
Official Name English
REZIFILM
Preferred Name English
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC DIAMIDE ((((CH(SUB 3))(SUB 2)N)C(S))(SUB 2)S(SUB 2))
Common Name English
thiram [INN]
Common Name English
THIRAM [USAN]
Common Name English
THIRAM [MI]
Common Name English
NSC-622696
Code English
SQ 1489
Code English
Thiram [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
NSC-1771
Code English
THIRAM [HSDB]
Common Name English
NSC-59637
Code English
SQ-1489
Code English
THIRAM [IARC]
Common Name English
THIRAM [ISO]
Common Name English
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULPHIDE
Systematic Name English
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE
Systematic Name English
THIRAM [MART.]
Common Name English
NSC-49512
Code English
Classification Tree Code System Code
WHO-ATC P03AA05
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C1697
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
EPA PESTICIDE CODE 79801
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000185508
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
NSC
1771
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
49512
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000184306
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Cell-mediated Immunity [PE]
NSC
622696
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
INN
1051
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ALANWOOD
thiram
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
205-286-2
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000175629
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Increased Histamine Release [PE]
FDA UNII
0D771IS0FH
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000171131
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Allergens [Chemical/Ingredient]
EPA CompTox
DTXSID5021332
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
59637
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
0D771IS0FH
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB61037
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
10517
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
NCI_THESAURUS
C66600
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
THIRAM
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
3601
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
D013893
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
9495
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000134278
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:29 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
5455
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB13245
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m10795
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
CAS
137-26-8
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
HSDB
863
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL120563
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:30:28 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
Structure of THIRAM
ACTIVE MOIETY
NIH
NCATS
PRIVACY NOTICE
ACCESSIBILITY
DISCLAIMER
HHS VULNERABILITY DISCLOSURE
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