3-Deaza-adenosine (BW 91Y) is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase and S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase, with potent antitumor activity against a range of leukemia cell lines. 3-Deaza-adenosine has anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting leukocyte adhesion and chemotaxis, lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and NF-κB signaling. 3-Deaza-adenosine also has antiviral and antibacterial activities. 3-Deaza-adenosine has previously been shown to inhibit a variety of cellular functions, which could be critical for the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. These include the thrombin-stimulated production of platelet-derived growth factor and the expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 as well as cellular arachidonic acid and ROS production. Moreover, c3Ado prevents tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production, reduces TNF- alpha-induced macrophage adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro via the inhibition of ICAM-1 synthesis, and promotes monocyte apoptosis.