U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry RACEMIC
Molecular Formula C19H21N3O5
Molecular Weight 371.3871
Optical Activity ( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 1
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ISRADIPINE

SMILES

COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C1C2=CC=CC3=NON=C23)C(=O)OC(C)C

InChI

InChIKey=HMJIYCCIJYRONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C19H21N3O5/c1-9(2)26-19(24)15-11(4)20-10(3)14(18(23)25-5)16(15)12-7-6-8-13-17(12)22-27-21-13/h6-9,16,20H,1-5H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Isradipine (tradenames DynaCirc, Prescal) is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is usually prescribed for the treatment of high blood pressure in order to reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack. Except for diuretic activity, the mechanism of which is not clearly understood, the pharmacodynamics effects of isradipine observed in whole animals can also be explained by calcium channel blocking activity, especially dilating effects in arterioles, which reduce systemic resistance and lower blood pressure, with a small increase in resting heart rate. Isradipine binds to calcium channels with high affinity and specificity and inhibits calcium flux into cardiac and arterial smooth muscle cells. It exhibits greater selectivity towards arterial smooth muscle cells owing to alternative splicing of the alpha-1 subunit of the channel and increased prevalence of inactive channels in smooth muscle cells. Although like other dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, isradipine has negative inotropic effects in vitro; studies conducted in intact anesthetized animals have shown that the vasodilating effect occurs at doses lower than those do which affect contractility. In patients with normal ventricular function, isradipine's afterload reducing properties lead to some increase in cardiac output. Effects in patients with impaired ventricular function have not been fully studied. Most adverse reactions were mild and related to the vasodilatory effects of isradipine (dizziness, edema, palpitations, flushing, tachycardia), and many were transient. About 5% of isradipine patients left studies prematurely because of adverse reactions (vs. 3% of placebo patients and 6% of active control patients), principally due to headache, edema, dizziness, palpitations, and gastrointestinal disturbances.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
ISRADIPINE

Approved Use

Isradipine capsules are indicated in the management of hypertension. It may be used alone or concurrently with thiazide-type diuretics.

Launch Date

1.44858245E12
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
11.44 ng/mL
5 mg single, oral
dose: 5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
29.84 ng/mL
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
5.89 ng/mL
2.5 mg single, oral
dose: 2.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
14.52 ng × h/mL
5 mg single, oral
dose: 5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
31.01 ng × h/mL
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
7.31 ng × h/mL
2.5 mg single, oral
dose: 2.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2.85 h
5 mg single, oral
dose: 5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
2.68 h
10 mg single, oral
dose: 10 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
2.93 h
2.5 mg single, oral
dose: 2.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
ISRADIPINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
30 mg single, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 30 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 mg
Sources:
healthy, 27 - 44
n = 8
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27 - 44
Sex: M
Population Size: 8
Sources:
0.015 mg/kg single, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 0.015 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 0.015 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.1103
unhealthy, 58+/-8
n = 8
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Chest pain| stable angina
Age Group: 58+/-8
Sex: M
Population Size: 8
Sources: Page: p.1103
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
MTD
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
unhealthy, 58.5
n = 26
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson's disease
Age Group: 58.5
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 26
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
Disc. AE: Drop of blood pressure, Leg edema...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Drop of blood pressure
Leg edema
Dizziness
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
100 mg single, oral (max)
Overdose
healthy
Other AEs: Lethargy, Sinus tachycardia...
200 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 200 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 200 mg
Co-administed with::
ethanol
Sources:
healthy
Other AEs: Flushing, Tachycardia...
Other AEs:
Flushing
Tachycardia
Electrocardiogram ST segment depression
Hypotension
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Dizziness Disc. AE
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
MTD
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
unhealthy, 58.5
n = 26
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson's disease
Age Group: 58.5
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 26
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
Drop of blood pressure Disc. AE
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
MTD
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
unhealthy, 58.5
n = 26
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson's disease
Age Group: 58.5
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 26
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
Leg edema Disc. AE
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
MTD
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
unhealthy, 58.5
n = 26
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Parkinson's disease
Age Group: 58.5
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 26
Sources: Page: p.1823, 1826, 1827
Hypotension
100 mg single, oral (max)
Overdose
healthy
Lethargy
100 mg single, oral (max)
Overdose
healthy
Sinus tachycardia
100 mg single, oral (max)
Overdose
healthy
Electrocardiogram ST segment depression
200 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 200 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 200 mg
Co-administed with::
ethanol
Sources:
healthy
Flushing
200 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 200 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 200 mg
Co-administed with::
ethanol
Sources:
healthy
Hypotension
200 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 200 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 200 mg
Co-administed with::
ethanol
Sources:
healthy
Tachycardia
200 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 200 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 200 mg
Co-administed with::
ethanol
Sources:
healthy
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer


Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes
yes
Tox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Acute calcium entry blockade inhibits the blood pressure but not the hormonal responses to angiotensin II.
1989
Multicenter study with isradipine and diuretics against atherosclerosis. US MIDAS Research Group.
1990
Antiischemic and hemodynamic effects of intravenous isradipine, a new calcium antagonist, in coronary heart disease: a comparative double-blind cross-over study with nifedipine.
1990 Nov
Low-dose isradipine once daily effectively controls 24-h blood pressure in essential hypertension.
1991 Feb
MIDAS: hypertension and atherosclerosis. A trial of the effects of antihypertensive drug treatment on atherosclerosis. MIDAS Research Group.
1992
A randomized comparative study of the electrophysiological and electrocardiographic effects of isradipine vs verapamil.
1993
MIDAS: rationale, design and descriptive data of trial patients. The MIDAS Research Group.
1994
Isradipine. An update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension.
1995 Apr
The antiatherosclerotic effect of calcium antagonists in man--what did MIDAS actually show? Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study.
1995 May
How to study the role of hypertension in atherosclerosis. Lessons from MIDAS. Multicentre Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study.
1996
[Effects of calcium antagonists on atherosclerosis progression and intima media thickness].
2000
Functional expression and characterization of a voltage-gated CaV1.3 (alpha1D) calcium channel subunit from an insulin-secreting cell line.
2001 Jul
alpha 1D (Cav1.3) subunits can form l-type Ca2+ channels activating at negative voltages.
2001 Jun 22
Isoform-specific regulation of mood behavior and pancreatic beta cell and cardiovascular function by L-type Ca 2+ channels.
2004 May
Calcium antagonist isradipine-induced calcium influx through nonselective cation channels in human gingival fibroblasts.
2006 Mar 27
Patents

Sample Use Guides

The recommended initial dose of isradipine is 2.5 mg b.i.d. alone or in combination with a thiazide diuretic. An antihypertensive response usually occurs within 2-3 hours. Maximal response may require 2-4 weeks. If a satisfactory reduction in blood pressure does not occur after this period, the dose may be adjusted in increments of 5 mg/day at 2-4 week intervals up to a maximum of 20 mg/day. Most patients, however, show no additional response to doses above 10 mg/day, and adverse effects are increased in frequency above 10 mg/day.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was investigated in erythrocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their normotensive controls (WKY), after an acute treatment with the Ca2+ antagonist isradipine. In vitro, isradipine dose-dependently decreased [Ca2+]i only in SHR (P = .006). The reduction by isradipine of the elevated [Ca2+]i in SHR suggests the presence of a greater dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ influx in the SHR erythrocyte.
Unknown
Name Type Language
ISRADIPINE
EP   INN   MART.   MI   ORANGE BOOK   USAN   USP   USP-RS   VANDF   WHO-DD  
USAN   INN  
Official Name English
ISOPROPYL METHYL (±)-4-(4-BENZOFURAZANYL)-1,4-DIHYDRO-2,6-DIMETHYL-3,5-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLATE
Systematic Name English
ISRADIPINE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [USP-RS]
Common Name English
isradipine [INN]
Common Name English
DYNACIRC
Brand Name English
Isradipine [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [MI]
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
PN-200-110
Code English
ISRADIPINE [MART.]
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [VANDF]
Common Name English
3,5-PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 4-(4-BENZOFURAZANYL)-1,4-DIHYDRO-2,6-DIMETHYL-, METHYL 1-METHYLETHYL ESTER, (±)-
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [USAN]
Common Name English
ISRADIPINE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
NSC-759892
Code English
PN 200-110
Code English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NDF-RT N0000007556
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
NCI_THESAURUS C333
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
WHO-ATC C08CA03
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000000069
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
WHO-VATC QC08CA03
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
LIVERTOX NBK548193
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
NDF-RT N0000175421
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
Code System Code Type Description
DRUG BANK
DB00270
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000091633
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PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB08346MIG
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PRIMARY
RXCUI
33910
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PRIMARY RxNorm
DAILYMED
YO1UK1S598
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PRIMARY
MESH
D017275
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PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
1511
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Isradipine
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
USAN
Z-3
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PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C47577
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PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
3784
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PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m6557
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PRIMARY Merck Index
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1648
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
4488
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
75695-93-1
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
INN
5724
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
ISRADIPINE
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
YO1UK1S598
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
NSC
759892
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1354207
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID4023179
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 17:32:20 UTC 2023
PRIMARY