Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C9H14O6 |
| Molecular Weight | 218.2039 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CC(=O)OCC(COC(C)=O)OC(C)=O
InChI
InChIKey=URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C9H14O6/c1-6(10)13-4-9(15-8(3)12)5-14-7(2)11/h9H,4-5H2,1-3H3
DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created using several sources including:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/050808lbl.pdf; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20800682; http://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/102761.pdf;
Curator's Comment: Description was created using several sources including:
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/050808lbl.pdf; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=20800682; http://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/102761.pdf;
Triacetin, also known as Glyceryl Triacetate, is a cosmetic biocide, plasticizer, and solvent in cosmetic formulations, at concentrations ranging from 0.8% to 4.0%. It is a commonly used carrier for flavors and fragrances. Triacetin was affirmed as a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) human food ingredient by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It is used as an inactive ingredient additive in some drug formulations. It has been used as a plasticizer in the tests of acrylic polymer films for drug delivery. Triacetin is not toxic to animals. However, in one study, it caused erythema, slight edema, alopecia, and desquamation, and did cause some irritation in rabbit eyes. Concentration of triacetin in consumer products is in the range of about 0.005-2 % for cosmetics, and has been reported to be as high as 15-33 % for one specific antifungal drug.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inactive ingredient | Bupropion Approved UseBupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). The efficacy of the immediate-release formulation of Bupropion was established in two 4-week controlled inpatient trials and one 6-week controlled outpatient trial of adult patients with MDD. The efficacy of the sustained-release formulation of Bupropion in the maintenance treatment of MDD was established in a long-term (up to 44 weeks), placebo-controlled trial in patients who had responded to Bupropion in an 8-week study of acute treatment. Launch Date1985 |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
50 % single, topical Studied dose Dose: 50 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 50 % Sources: |
healthy, adult n = 20 Health Status: healthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 20 Sources: |
Other AEs: Skin irritation... Other AEs: Skin irritation (grade 1) Sources: |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Skin irritation | grade 1 | 50 % single, topical Studied dose Dose: 50 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 50 % Sources: |
healthy, adult n = 20 Health Status: healthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 20 Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluating the effects of plasticizer interactions with HPMC on the tack-behavior of polymer film-forming coating solutions. | 2004 Jul |
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| Fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of Humicola lanuginosa lipase dissolved in its substrate. | 2004 Nov 1 |
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| Molar absorptivities of glucose and other biological molecules in aqueous solutions over the first overtone and combination regions of the near-infrared spectrum. | 2004 Oct |
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| The influence of plasticizers on the release of theophylline from microporous-controlled tablets. | 2004 Oct 19 |
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| Cancer mortality in a cohort of asbestos textile workers. | 2005 Feb 14 |
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| The effect of solvent interactions on alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrin/flavor molecular inclusion complexes. | 2005 Jan 26 |
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| Transitions induced by solubilized fat into reverse hexagonal mesophases. | 2005 Jun 25 |
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| Transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of overactive bladder. | 2006 |
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| Use of taste-masking product, FLAVORx, to assist Thai children to ingest generic antiretrovirals. | 2006 Dec 29 |
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| Release of albumin from oligoester plastic matrices: effect of magnesium oxide and bivalent stearates. | 2006 Jan-Feb |
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| Quantitative estimation of film forming polymer-plasticizer interactions by the Lorentz-Lorenz Law. | 2006 Mar 9 |
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| Design and evaluation of a self-adhesive naproxen-loaded film prepared from a nanoparticle dispersion. | 2006 Sep-Oct |
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| Abstracts of papers presented at the 2007 pittsburgh conference. | 2007 |
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| Emissions from cooking microwave popcorn. | 2007 |
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| Controlled release multiparticulate beads coated with starch acetate: material characterization, and identification of critical formulation and process variables. | 2007 |
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| Spectral simulation methodology for calibration transfer of near-infrared spectra. | 2007 Apr |
|
| Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of aceclofenac. | 2007 Dec 14 |
|
| Effect of salts and plasticizers on stability of shellac film. | 2007 Feb 7 |
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| Monitoring of dissolution induced changes in film coat composition by 1H NMR spectroscopy and SEM. | 2007 Jun 4 |
|
| Gelatin-based microcarriers as embryonic stem cell delivery system in bone tissue engineering: an in-vitro study. | 2007 Mar |
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| Modulation of a pulsatile release drug delivery system using different swellable/rupturable materials. | 2007 Nov |
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| Isolation of lipase producing Bacillus sp. from olive mill wastewater and improving its enzyme activity. | 2007 Nov 19 |
|
| Design, development and evaluation of novel nanoemulsion formulations for transdermal potential of celecoxib. | 2007 Sep |
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| Lipase catalyse glycerolysis for kinetic resolution of racemates. | 2007 Sep |
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| Design and characterization of an adhesive matrix based on a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate). | 2008 |
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| A squeeze-type osmotic tablet for controlled delivery of nifedipine. | 2008 |
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| Formulation design of taste-masked particles, including famotidine, for an oral fast-disintegrating dosage form. | 2008 Apr |
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| Skin permeation mechanism of aceclofenac using novel nanoemulsion formulation. | 2008 Aug |
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| Template enhanced activity of lipase accommodated in siliceous mesocellular foams. | 2008 Aug 8 |
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| Patient perspectives in the management of overactive bladder, focus on transdermal oxybutynin. | 2008 Feb 2 |
|
| Photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer in push-pull polyenes: effects of solvation, electron-donor group, and polyenic chain length. | 2008 Jan 17 |
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| In vitro and in vivo transdermal studies of atenolol using iontophoresis. | 2008 Jan-Feb |
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| Skin permeation mechanism and bioavailability enhancement of celecoxib from transdermally applied nanoemulsion. | 2008 Jul 9 |
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| A nanoparticulate drug-delivery system for rivastigmine: physico-chemical and in vitro biological characterization. | 2008 Mar 10 |
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| A potential high-throughput method for the determination of lipase activity by potentiometric flow injection titrations. | 2008 Mar 3 |
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| Development of a self-emulsifying formulation that reduces the food effect for torcetrapib. | 2008 Mar 3 |
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| Influence of flavor solvent on flavor release and perception in sugar-free chewing gum. | 2008 May 14 |
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| Determination of the composition of acetylglycerol mixtures by (1)H NMR followed by GC investigation. | 2008 Nov 15 |
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| Influence of plasticizers on the stability and release of a prodrug of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol incorporated in poly (ethylene oxide) matrices. | 2008 Oct |
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| Viability and permeability across Caco-2 cells of CBZ solubilized in fully dilutable microemulsions. | 2008 Oct 1 |
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| Transdermal delivery of salbutamol sulphate: formulation and evaluation. | 2009 |
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| Formation and characterization of ordered bicontinuous microemulsions. | 2009 Aug 6 |
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| Hookah (Shisha, Narghile) Smoking and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). A critical review of the relevant literature and the public health consequences. | 2009 Feb |
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| Digital filtering and model updating methods for improving the robustness of near-infrared multivariate calibrations. | 2009 Feb |
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| Spectral simulation protocol for extending the lifetime of near-infrared multivariate calibrations. | 2009 Feb 1 |
|
| Refeeding syndrome--awareness, prevention and management. | 2009 Jan 26 |
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| In situ forming polymeric drug delivery systems. | 2009 May |
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| Metabolic acetate therapy improves phenotype in the tremor rat model of Canavan disease. | 2010 Jun |
|
| Development of dorzolamide hydrochloride in situ gel nanoemulsion for ocular delivery. | 2010 Nov |
|
| Microemulsions for oral delivery of insulin: design, development and evaluation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. | 2010 Oct |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: When triacetin was incubated with the sacs of rats everted intestine, the glyceride entered the epithelial cells and was completely hydrolyzed to free glycerol and acetic acid. Triacetin released 307 ± 11 umoles of acetate. With increasing concentrations of glyceride (5, 10 and 15 mM), the amount of acetate released increased linearly up to about a total amount of 300 umoles of acetate released.
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C1697
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JECFA EVALUATION |
INS-1518
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) |
INS-1518
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CFR |
21 CFR 175.320
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CFR |
21 CFR 184.1901
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ACTIVE MOIETY
