Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C12H11N7 |
Molecular Weight | 253.2626 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
NC1=NC2=C(N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(N)=N2)C(N)=N1
InChI
InChIKey=FNYLWPVRPXGIIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C12H11N7/c13-9-7(6-4-2-1-3-5-6)16-8-10(14)18-12(15)19-11(8)17-9/h1-5H,(H6,13,14,15,17,18,19)
DescriptionSources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00384Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/triamterene.html
Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00384
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/triamterene.html
Triamterene, a relatively weak, potassium-sparing diuretic and antihypertensive, is used in the management of hypokalemia. Triamterene inhibits the epithelial sodium channels on principal cells in the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule, which are responsible for 1-2% of total sodium reabsorption. As sodium reabsorption is inhibited, this increases the osmolarity in the nephron lumen and decreases the osmolarity of the interstitium. Since sodium concentration is the main driving force for water reabsorption, triamterene can achieve a modest amount of diuresis by decreasing the osmotic gradient necessary for water reabsorption from lumen to interstitium. Triamterene also has a potassium-sparing effect. Normally, the process of potassium excretion is driven by the electrochemical gradient produced by sodium reabsorption. As sodium is reabsorbed, it leaves a negative potential in the lumen, while producing a positive potential in the principal cell. This potential promotes potassium excretion through apical potassium channels. By inhibiting sodium reabsorption, triamterene also inhibits potassium excretion.Triamterene is used for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and the nephrotic syndrome; also in steroid-induced edema, idiopathic edema, and edema due to secondary hyperaldosteronism. Triamterene is maeketed under the trade name Dyrenium.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
5.0 µM [IC50] | |||
Target ID: CHEMBL2111408 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6321204 |
127.0 µM [IC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | DYRENIUM Approved UseEdema: For the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver and the nephrotic syndrome; also in steroid-induced edema, idiopathic edema and edema due to secondary hyperaldosteronism. Launch Date1964 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
46.4 ng/mL |
37.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral dose: 37.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
125.1 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7166735 |
100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
44.77 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21193005 |
50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
148.7 ng × h/mL |
37.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral dose: 37.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
488.4 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7166735 |
100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
190.69 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21193005 |
50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.75 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21193005 |
50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2 h |
unknown |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
33% |
37.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral dose: 37.5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
|
38.7% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7166735 |
100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIAMTERENE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(50 mg twice daily; 28 days) Sources: |
unhealthy, 54 ± 3 years n = 9 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypokalemia Age Group: 54 ± 3 years Population Size: 9 Sources: |
Other AEs: Kidney failure... |
37.5 mg 1 times / day single, oral Dose: 37.5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: single Dose: 37.5 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg) Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Sources: |
Disc. AE: Hyperkalemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hyperkalemia Sources: |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Kidney failure | acute | 100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(50 mg twice daily; 28 days) Sources: |
unhealthy, 54 ± 3 years n = 9 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypokalemia Age Group: 54 ± 3 years Population Size: 9 Sources: |
Hyperkalemia | Disc. AE | 37.5 mg 1 times / day single, oral Dose: 37.5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: single Dose: 37.5 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg) Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/36/6/995 Page: 3.0 |
yes | |||
yes |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Rational therapy of chronic venous insufficiency--chances and limits of the therapeutic use of horse-chestnut seeds extract. | 2001 |
|
[Periodic paralysis secondary to urinary or gastrointestinal potassium loss]. | 2001 |
|
Effects of the serine/threonine kinase SGK1 on the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) and CFTR: implications for cystic fibrosis. | 2001 |
|
Neck-bridge device for endovascular treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms: initial experience. | 2001 Nov |
|
[Urinary lithiasis of medical origin]. | 2001 Nov-Dec |
|
In vitro antioxidant and photo-oxidant properties of dipyridamole. | 2001 Nov-Dec |
|
Are certain diuretics also anticonvulsants? | 2001 Oct |
|
Prolonged exercise following diuretic-induced hypohydration effects on fluid and electrolyte hormones. | 2001 Sep |
|
Determination of hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene and propranolol hydrochloride by the spectrophotometric method and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). | 2001 Sep-Oct |
|
[Simultaneous analysis of four diuretic drugs by HPLC and its application to health food supplements advertising weight reduction]. | 2002 Apr |
|
Effects of anion and cation inhibitors and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors upon the activity of the gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) nucleo-polyhedrovirus. | 2002 Apr |
|
Use of the trispan device to assist coil embolization of high-flow arteriovenous fistulas. | 2002 Aug |
|
Screening for 18 diuretics and probenecid in doping analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | 2002 Dec |
|
Liddle's syndrome associated with a point mutation in the extracellular domain of the epithelial sodium channel gamma subunit. | 2002 Dec |
|
Determination of triamterene and leucovorin in biological fluids by UV derivative-spectrophotometry and partial least-squares (PLS-1) calibration. | 2002 Jan 1 |
|
Non-traumatic neurological emergencies: emergency neuroradiological interventions. | 2002 Jul |
|
Determination of triamterene and its main metabolite hydroxytriamterene sulfate in human urine by capillary electrophoresis using ultraviolet absorbance and laser-induced fluorescence detection. | 2002 Mar 25 |
|
Determination of triamterene by transitory retention in a continuous flow solid phase system with fluorimetric transduction. | 2002 May 15 |
|
Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography analysis of diuretics in pharmaceutical formulations. | 2002 May 16 |
|
Restoration of arterial baroreflex function contributes to organ protection in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with long-term hydrochlorothiazide mixture. | 2003 Jan-Feb |
|
Kinetic modeling of triamterene intestinal absorption and its inhibition by folic acid and methotrexate. | 2003 May |
|
Transvenous coil treatment of a type a carotid cavernous fistula in association with transarterial trispan coil protection. | 2004 Apr |
|
[Determination of five components in compound hypotensive tablet by HPLC]. | 2004 Aug |
|
Application of PLS regression to fluorimetric data for the determination of furosemide and triamterene in pharmaceutical preparations and triamterene in urine. | 2004 Feb 6 |
|
[Circadian rhythm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a summary of our research studies]. | 2004 Jul-Aug |
|
Coil treatment of a fusiform upper basilar trunk aneurysm with a combination of "kissing" neuroform stents, TriSpan-, 3D- and fibered coils, and permanent implantation of the microguidewires. | 2004 Jun |
|
Triamterene-beta-cyclodextrin systems: preparation, characterization and in vivo evaluation. | 2004 Mar 29 |
|
Differing effects of mineralocorticoid receptor-dependent and -independent potassium-sparing diuretics on fibrinolytic balance. | 2005 Aug |
|
Prediction of genotoxicity of chemical compounds by statistical learning methods. | 2005 Jun |
|
Multicommuted flow-through fluorescence optosensor for determination of furosemide and triamterene. | 2005 Nov |
|
Hydrochlorothiazide-induced noncardiogenic pulmonary edema: an underrecognized yet serious adverse drug reaction. | 2005 Sep |
|
Design, synthesis and diuretic activity of some novel 2,4-diamino-6-aryl-7-arylaminopyrimido [4,5-d]pyrimidin-5(6H)-ones. | 2006 |
|
[Liddle syndrome: Pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and therapy]. | 2006 Feb |
|
Potassium-sparing diuretics. | 2006 Jul 11-17 |
|
Early onset pauciarticular arthritis is the major risk factor for naproxen-induced pseudoporphyria in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. | 2007 |
|
Fast quantitative determination of diuretic drugs in tablets and human urine by microchip electrophoresis with native fluorescence detection. | 2007 Aug |
|
A study of western pharmaceuticals contained within samples of Chinese herbal/patent medicines collected from New York City's Chinatown. | 2007 Sep |
|
Determination of losartan and triamterene in pharmaceutical compounds and urine using cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry. | 2008 |
|
Practical aspects in the management of hypokalemic periodic paralysis. | 2008 Apr 21 |
|
Development of a vessel-simulating flow-through cell method for the in vitro evaluation of release and distribution from drug-eluting stents. | 2008 Aug 25 |
|
Chemical and genetic validation of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase as a drug target in African trypanosomes. | 2008 Jul |
|
Quantitative investigation of the role of breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp/Abcg2) in limiting brain and testis penetration of xenobiotic compounds. | 2008 Jun |
|
Simultaneous determination of triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets using derivative spectrophotometry. | 2008 May-Jun |
|
The prince and the pauper. A tale of anticancer targeted agents. | 2008 Oct 23 |
|
Determination of diuretics in human urine by hollow fiber-based liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography. | 2008 Sep |
|
Responses to diuretic treatment in gene-targeted mice lacking serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1. | 2009 |
|
Update on the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. | 2009 |
|
Graz Endocrine Causes of Hypertension (GECOH) study: a diagnostic accuracy study of aldosterone to active renin ratio in screening for primary aldosteronism. | 2009 Apr 7 |
|
Consensus guidelines for oral dosing of primarily renally cleared medications in older adults. | 2009 Feb |
|
[Asynchronous lumbar synovial cysts after surgical resection: a case report]. | 2009 Mar-Apr |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/triamterene.html
Edema: Oral: 100 to 300 mg daily in 1 to 2 divided doses; maximum dose: 300 mg daily
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6129855
Triamterene in the concentration range from 8X10(-13) mol/l to 8X10(-3) mol/l exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of the rat kidney plasma membrane Na-K-Mg-ATPase and Na-K-ATPase activities--estimated IC50 values lay at about 8X10(-3) mol/l and 8X10(-7) mol/l, respectively.
Name | Type | Language | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
Official Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English |
Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
WHO-ATC |
C03DB02
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
NDF-RT |
N0000175418
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
NCI_THESAURUS |
C49186
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
LIVERTOX |
NBK547859
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
NDF-RT |
N0000175359
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
WHO-VATC |
QC03DB02
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
||
|
NDF-RT |
N0000008859
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
77625
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
1680007
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
CHEMBL585
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
396-01-0
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
5546
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
DB00384
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
Triamterene
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
100000092570
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
TRIAMTERENE
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
C29519
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
10763
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
|
639359
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
3405
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
SUB11256MIG
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
2728
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
DTXSID6021373
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
D014223
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
m11030
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
|
4329
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
1266
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
206-904-3
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
WS821Z52LQ
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
9671
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
WS821Z52LQ
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 04:48:13 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE ACTIVE (PARENT)
METABOLITE ACTIVE (PARENT)