ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE

US Approved OTC

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	Al.Cl.HO.H2O
Molecular Weight	97.457
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	1

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure of ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE

Structure Search

SMILES

O.[OH-].[Al+3].[Cl-]

InChI

InChIKey=YCLAMANSVUJYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-L

InChI=1S/Al.ClH.2H2O/h;1H;2*1H2/q+3;;;/p-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: http://www.domeboro.com/about-domeboro/
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.google.com/patents/US2824042 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718290 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15516810 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10211213 | https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aluminum-acetate.html

Burow invented an astringent antiseptic solution of aluminium acetate in water to relieve the itching and inflammation of minor skin irritations. At present the oflicial U. S. P. procedure to made Burow's solution involves the reaction of aluminum sulfate, calcium carbonate and acetic acid to form aluminum sub-acetate, also termed basic aluminum acetate. The solution is available as an over-the-counter drug for topical administration, with brand names including Domeboro. Burow's solution has been shown to be effective against chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa. It is active against bacteria resulting in damage to the cell wall.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Cell membrane 42 Target ID: CHEMBL2364031 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718290 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10211213	Interacts 323
vasoconstriction 32 Target ID: GO:0042310 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aluminum-acetate.html	Activator 1430

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Itching 54 Sources: http://www.domeboro.com/about-domeboro/ https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aluminum-acetate.html	Primary		Approved 8429	DOMEBORO Approved Use Temporarily relieves minor skin irritations due to: – Poison ivy \| – Poison oak – Poison sumac \| – Insect bites – Athlete’s foot \| – Rashes caused by soaps, detergents, cosmetics, or jewelry
Otitis 40 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15516810 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14724484 https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aluminum-acetate.html	Curative		Approved 8429	DOMEBORO Approved Use This medication is used to treat an outer ear infection (external otitis). This product contains acetic acid/aluminum acetate, a combination that stops the growth of bacteria and fungus. Treating the infection reduces pain and swelling in the ear. Wetness in the ear canal can help bacteria and fungus to grow. This medication also causes drying of the ear canal, helping to cure the infection.

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
The ineffectiveness of aluminum subacetate in rheumatoid arthritis.	1948 Apr 8	18911341
Aluminum fluoride induces phosphatidylinositol turnover, elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium, and phosphorylation of the T cell antigen receptor in murine T cells.	1987 Nov 15	2824607
Cardiovascular manifestations of aluminium phosphide intoxication.	1989 Sep	2632560
Aluminum fluoride inhibition of glucocorticoid receptor inactivation and transformation.	1990 Apr 10	2191718
Plasma renin activity in shock due to aluminium phosphide poisoning.	1990 Jun	2200784
Hypermagnesemia following aluminum phosphide poisoning.	1991 Feb	2026469
Requirement for intramolecular domain interaction in activation of G protein alpha subunit by aluminum fluoride and GDP but not by GTP gamma S.	1994 Nov 25	7961906
Manipulation of B cell antigen receptor tyrosine phosphorylation using aluminum fluoride and sodium orthovanadate.	1995 Nov	8559152
Effect of aluminum phosphide on blood glucose level.	1999 Feb	9949483
Effects of trace metal compounds on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: an in vitro study.	1999 May	10327022
Intravascular hemolysis in aluminium phosphide poisoning.	1999 Sep	10496516
Effect of N-acetylcysteine and L-NAME on aluminium phosphide induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats.	2001 Apr	11742581
Cholinesterase inhibition by aluminium phosphide poisoning in rats and effects of atropine and pralidoxime chloride.	2001 Jan	11730559
Fluoride plus aluminum: useful tools in laboratory investigations, but messengers of false information.	2002	12511178
Aluminum as a toxicant.	2002 Aug	15068131
Bone cell mitogenic action of fluoroaluminate and aluminum fluoride but not that of sodium fluoride involves upregulation of the insulin-like growth factor system.	2002 May	11996908
Final report on the safety assessment of aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium trisilicate, sodium magnesium silicate, zirconium silicate, attapulgite, bentonite, Fuller's earth, hectorite, kaolin, lithium magnesium silicate, lithium magnesium sodium silicate, montmorillonite, pyrophyllite, and zeolite.	2003	12851164
Aluminum inclusion macrophagic myofasciitis: a recently identified condition.	2003 Nov	14753387
The role of metals in neurodegenerative processes: aluminum, manganese, and zinc.	2003 Nov 15	14596888
Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in neonates: the role of aluminum.	2003 Sep	14552065
Intracellular mechanisms underlying aluminum-induced apoptosis in rabbit brain.	2003 Sep 15	14507471
The giant protein HERC1 is recruited to aluminum fluoride-induced actin-rich surface protrusions in HeLa cells.	2004 Feb 13	14960311
[Pharmaceutical and pharmacological evaluation of Burow's solution (aluminum acetate solution), hospital preparation, and development of its rapid preparation method].	2004 Nov	15516810
Aluminum: new recognition of an old problem.	2005 Dec	16198633
Effects of aluminum on the nervous system and its possible link with neurodegenerative diseases.	2005 Nov	16308486
Cytochrome-c oxidase inhibition in 26 aluminum phosphide poisoned patients.	2006	16615671
Aluminum and Alzheimer's disease, a personal perspective after 25 years.	2006	17004365
Some aspects of astroglial functions and aluminum implications for neurodegeneration.	2006 Aug 30	16529821
An effector domain mutant of Arf6 implicates phospholipase D in endosomal membrane recycling.	2006 Jan	16280360
Aluminum and other metals in Alzheimer's disease: a review of potential therapy with chelating agents.	2006 Nov	17119296
Blood-brain barrier flux of aluminum, manganese, iron and other metals suspected to contribute to metal-induced neurodegeneration.	2006 Nov	17119290
Aluminum and Alzheimer's disease: a new look.	2006 Nov	17119287
The role of aluminum and copper on neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease.	2006 Nov	17119285
Mechanisms of aluminum-induced neurodegeneration in animals: Implications for Alzheimer's disease.	2006 Nov	17119283
Ototoxic effect of Burow solution applied to the guinea pig middle ear.	2007 Aug	17450104
Neurological adverse events of immunization: experience with an aluminum adjuvanted meningococcal B outer membrane vesicle vaccine.	2007 Oct	17931164
Relationship between physical and chemical properties of aluminum-containing adjuvants and immunopotentiation.	2007 Oct	17931150
Reversible myocardial injury associated with aluminum phosphide poisoning.	2007 Sep	17849252
Ablative laser resurfacing: high-energy pulsed carbon dioxide and erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet.	2007 Sep-Oct	17870524
Hyperglycemia in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning as a potential prognostic factor.	2008 Jul	18829736
Aluminum phosphide fatalities at mild exertion in asymptomatic children: a clue to understand the variations of the autopsy findings.	2009 Aug	19573839
Retrospective analysis of 4-week inhalation studies in rats with focus on fate and pulmonary toxicity of two nanosized aluminum oxyhydroxides (boehmite) and pigment-grade iron oxide (magnetite): the key metric of dose is particle mass and not particle surface area.	2009 May 17	19428954
Altered glucose homeostasis in response to aluminium phosphide induced cellular oxygen deficit in rat.	2010 Jul	20929055
Blood levels of methemoglobin in patients with aluminum phosphide poisoning and its correlation with patient's outcome.	2011 Mar	21057909
Effect of acute aluminum phosphide exposure on rats: a biochemical and histological correlation.	2012 Nov 23	23041170
New insight into artifactual phenomena during in vitro toxicity assessment of engineered nanoparticles: study of TNF-α adsorption on alumina oxide nanoparticle.	2013 Apr	23402729
Gene expression profile of mouse fibroblasts exposed to a biodegradable iron alloy for stents.	2013 Nov	23499988
1H NMR spectroscopic analysis detects metabolic disturbances in rat urine on acute exposure to heavy metal tungsten alloy based metals salt.	2014 Mar 25	24412238
Pesticide exposure and depression among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study.	2014 Sep	24906048
Molecular basis of carcinogenicity of tungsten alloy particles.	2015 Mar 15	25620057

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

DOMEBORO® SOOTHING SOAK – dissolve 1 to 3 packets in a pint (16 oz) of cool or warm water – stir until fully dissolved; do not strain or filter. The resulting mixture contains 0.16% (1 packet), 0.32% (2 packets), or 0.48% (3 packets) aluminum acetate and is ready for use For use as a soak: – soak affected area for 15 to 30 minutes as needed, or as directed by a doctor – repeat 3 times a day or as directed by a doctor – discard solution after each use. For use as a compress or wet dressing: – soak a clean, soft cloth in the solution. – apply cloth loosely to affected area for 15 to 30 minutes – repeat as needed or as directed by a doctor – discard solution after each use

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

Burow's solution (13% aluminum subacetate) is active against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, resulting in damage to the cell wall.

Name

Type

Language

ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE

Official Name

English

Reach 301

Brand Name

English

ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE [USAN]

Common Name

English

ALUMINIUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE

Common Name

English

ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

Aluminum sesquichlorohydrate [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ALUMINUM SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE [INCI]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CFR

21 CFR 350.10