KANAMYCIN

First approved in 2022

Description
Sources: http://www.rxlist.com/kantrex-drug/indications-dosage.htm
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including: http://www.drugs.com/cdi/kanamycin.html https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850

Kanamycin (a mixture of kanamycin A, B and C) is an aminoglycoside bacteriocidal antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections. It is effective against Gram-negative bacteria and certain Gram-positive bacteria. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Serious side effects include tinnitus or loss of hearing, toxicity to kidneys, and allergic reactions to the drug. Mixing of an aminoglycoside with beta-lactam-type antibiotics (penicillins or cephalosporins) may result in a significant mutual inactivation. Even when an aminoglycoside and a penicillin-type drug are administered separately by different routes, a reduction in aminoglycoside serum half-life or serum levels has been reported in patients with impaired renal function and in some patients with normal renal function.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Bacterial 70S ribosome 179 Target ID: CHEMBL2363135 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850	Inhibitor 8297

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Staphylococcal infections 24 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850	Curative		Approved 8429	KANAMYCIN SULFATE Approved Use Kanamycin may be considered as initial therapy in the treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter species. Although kanamycin is not the drug of choice for staphylococcal infections, it may be indicated under certain conditions for the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease. Launch Date 2002
Gram-negative bacterial infections 4 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d4865638-1259-4eef-a73c-fe919af6e850	Curative		Approved 8429	KANAMYCIN SULFATE Approved Use Kanamycin may be considered as initial therapy in the treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter species. Although kanamycin is not the drug of choice for staphylococcal infections, it may be indicated under certain conditions for the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease. Launch Date 2002

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
11.9 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/	250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		KANAMYCIN A plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
44.2 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/	250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		KANAMYCIN A plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
2.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4790604/	250 mg single, intramuscular dose: 250 mg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		KANAMYCIN A plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B1-01366	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=21578
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B3-056685	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=95195
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	MT-53022	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/MT-53022.html
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	K434	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=K434
Achemtek	0102-014506	http://www.achemtek.com/59-01-8
Acorn PharmaTech	ACN-043785	http://www.acornpharmatech.com/
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A17.877.859	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A17.877.859
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A17.912.896	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A17.912.896
Aurum Pharmatech LLC	KM0269	http://www.Aurumpharmatech.com/Product/ProductDetails/KM0269
BLD Pharm	BD00829212	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/59-01-8.html
BioCyc	CPD-4821	https://biocyc.org/compound?orgid=META&id=CPD-4821
BioSynth	K-0250	https://www.biosynth.com/en/products/life-science/culture-media-additives/products/K-0250.html
BioSynth	Q-201264	https://www.biosynth.com/en/products/life-science/culture-media-additives/products/Q-201264.html
Boerchem	BC678130	http://www.boerchem.com/?product_39692.html
ChemFish Tokyo co.,ltd	24721551	http://www.chemfish.co.jp/index.php?id=4632&project=product
ChemMol	30114547	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/30114547.html
ChemMol	44010165	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/44010165.html
ChemMol	99115243	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/99115243.html
ChemMol	99123582	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/99123582.html
Chemspace	CSSB00020617760	https://chem-space.com/CSSB00020617760
Clearsynth	CS-AD-00479	http://www.clearsynth.com/en/CSAD00479.html
Clearsynth	CS-O-30615	http://www.clearsynth.com/en/CSO30615.html
Glentham Life Sciences	GA8523	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GA8523/
Hairui	HR101443	http://www.hairuichem.com/en/product/64013-70-3.html
Hairui	HR127109	http://www.hairuichem.com/en/product/8063-07-8.html
Lab Network	LN01345669	https://labnetwork.com/frontend-app/p/#!/moleculedetails/LN01345669
MuseChem	I011452	https://www.musechem.com/product/I011452.html
MuseChem	R001542	https://www.musechem.com/product/R001542.html
Parchem	88189	https://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/Kanamycin-088189.aspx
Sigma-Aldrich	K0129_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/k0129?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	K0254_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/k0254?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	K1876_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/k1876?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Smolecule	S531583	http://www.smolecule.com/products/s531583
THE BioTek	bt-271566	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/inhibitors/bt-271566
THE BioTek	bt-361993	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/others/bt-361993
Yuhao Chemical	YH19615	http://www.chemyuhao.com/8063-07-8.html
abcr GmbH	AB530401	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB530401
eNovation Chemicals	D669558	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=D669558
iChemical	EBD5760	http://www.ichemical.com/chemicals/cas-8063-07-8
iChemical	EBD3062805	http://www.ichemical.com/products/64013-70-3.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
[Clinical studies of cochleotoxicosis due to viomycin and kanamycin during tuberculostatic treatment (a prophylactic attempt)].	1968	4302952
Acute renal failure in general surgical patients.	1971 Jun	5314126
Proceedings: The use of conditioned tone discrimination to study kanamycin ototoxicity in the rat.	1975 Dec	2689
Treatment of meningitis and septicemia in infancy with a sulphamethoxazole/trimethorpim combination.	1975 Jan	1090107
Further studies on effects of irrigation solutions on rat bladders.	1976 Dec	1009330
Auditory thresholds and kanamycin-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig assessed by a positive reinforcement procedure.	1978 Feb	670552
Reflex modification as a test for sensory function.	1985 Nov-Dec	3835474
Furosemide ototoxicity: clinical and experimental aspects.	1985 Sep	4033342
[Acute renal failure caused by ceporin, kanamycin and gentamicin].	1989 Mar-Apr	2728142
Spectrum of drugs against atypical mycobacteria: how valid is the current practice of drug susceptibility testing and the choice of drugs?	1992 Dec	1303690
[The role of mtDNA deletion in the sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotic induced deafness].	2000 Apr	12768661
Use of genomics and combinatorial chemistry in the development of new antimycobacterial drugs.	2000 Feb 1	10609550
Temporal bone studies of the human peripheral vestibular system. Aminoglycoside ototoxicity.	2000 May	10821231
Mutant prevention concentration as a measure of antibiotic potency: studies with clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2000 Sep	10952625
Inhibition of the HIV-1 rev-RRE complex formation by unfused aromatic cations.	2001 May	11377168
Overexpression of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase protects from kanamycin-induced hearing loss.	2001 May-Jun	11474137
Rapamycin and less immunosuppressive analogs are toxic to Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans via FKBP12-dependent inhibition of TOR.	2001 Nov	11600372
Bactericidal activities of commonly used antiseptics against multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2002	12011515
New agents active against Mycobacterium avium complex selected by molecular topology: a virtual screening method.	2004 Jan	14645324
Adeno-associated virus-mediated Bcl-xL prevents aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in mice.	2007 Jul 20	17697574
Deafferentation-associated changes in afferent and efferent processes in the guinea pig cochlea and afferent regeneration with chronic intrascalar brain-derived neurotrophic factor and acidic fibroblast growth factor.	2008 Apr 1	18220258
Antimycobacterial activity of cinnamate-based esters of the triterpenes betulinic, oleanolic and ursolic acids.	2008 Feb	18239308
Enhanced survival of spiral ganglion cells after cessation of treatment with brain-derived neurotrophic factor in deafened guinea pigs.	2009 Sep	19365690
Novel cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptides from Equus asinus.	2010 May	20423460
Isoxazole analogs of curcuminoids with highly potent multidrug-resistant antimycobacterial activity.	2010 Oct	20691508
Chlorinated coumarins from the polypore mushroom Fomitopsis officinalis and their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2013 Oct 25	24087924

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Intramuscular and intravenous: 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided dosages. Intraperitoneal: 500 mg diluted in 20 mL sterile distilled water may be instilled through a polyethylene catheter sutured into the wound at closure. Aerosol treatment: 250 mg two to four times a day. Irrigation: injection in concentrations of 0.25 percent (2.5 mg/mL).

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), determined by the microdilution method, of E. coli and S. aureus were 4.5 and 3.5 mg/L, respectively. The MIC was 5.0 mg/L for the dual species scenario.

Name

Type

Language

KANAMYCIN

Official Name

English

KANAMYCIN [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Kanamycin [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

KANAMYCIN [HSDB]

Common Name

English

KANAMYCINS

Common Name

English

KANAMYCIN [MI]

Common Name

English

kanamycin [INN]

Common Name

English

ANTIBIOTIC COMPLEX FROM STREPTOMYCES KANAMYCETICUS CONTAINING KANAMYCIN A (MAJOR), KANAMYCIN B AND KANAMYCIN C

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

CFR

21 CFR 524.1204