Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C26H26F2N2 |
Molecular Weight | 404.4948 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 1 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
FC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(N2CCN(C\C=C\C3=CC=CC=C3)CC2)C4=CC=C(F)C=C4
InChI
InChIKey=SMANXXCATUTDDT-QPJJXVBHSA-N
InChI=1S/C26H26F2N2/c27-24-12-8-22(9-13-24)26(23-10-14-25(28)15-11-23)30-19-17-29(18-20-30)16-4-7-21-5-2-1-3-6-21/h1-15,26H,16-20H2/b7-4+
Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 / dopamine D2 blocking activity. It is not available in the US but marketed in other countries for prophylaxis of a migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, the vertigo of central and peripheral origin, motion sickness and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. The drug is also investigated for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: CHEMBL6093 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093793 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL339 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10571163 |
0.228 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2362995 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10571163 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2096682 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10571163 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL231 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20493137 |
86.0 nM [Ki] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Preventing | SIBELIUM Approved UseIn the prophylaxis of a migraine. The limited information available for periods longer than 12 months has shown flunarizine to continue to be effective. Patients should be regularly reviewed to assess their response to treatment, and if a sustained attack-free period is established, interrupted flunarizine treatment should be considered. Launch Date1.23318724E12 |
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Primary | FLURIZIN Approved UseFlurizin is indicated for treatment of peripheral vascular disease |
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Primary | FLURIZIN Approved UseFlurizin is indicated for symptomatic treatment of vestibular vertigo (due to a diagnosed functional disorder of the vestibular system). |
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Primary | FLURIZIN Approved UseFlurizin is indicated for treatment of motion sickness. |
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Palliative | FLURIZIN Approved UseFlurizin is indicated for treatment of refractory epilepsy resistant to conventional antiepileptic therapy |
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Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Anticonvulsive properties of cinnarizine and flunarizine in rats and mice. | 1975 Sep |
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Flunarizine- and cinnarizine-induced extrapyramidal reactions. | 1987 May |
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Ca2+ modulators as antidotes to imipramine and neurotransmitter toxicity. | 1987 Sep |
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Aggravation of Parkinson's disease by cinnarizine. | 1988 Jan |
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Parkinsonism, tremor, and depression induced by cinnarizine and flunarizine. | 1988 Sep 17 |
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Calcium channel inhibitors prevent apomorphine- and oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats. | 1989 Aug 3 |
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Extrapyramidal and depressive side reactions with flunarizine and cinarizine. | 1989 Feb |
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Effect of flunarizine on the attenuation of baroreflex by transient cerebral ischemia. | 1989 Jun 8 |
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Termination of ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardia by flunarizine in conscious dogs. | 1989 Jun 8 |
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Comparison of the efficacy and safety of flunarizine to propranolol in the prophylaxis of migraine. | 1992 Aug |
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Investigation of anti-motion sickness drugs in the squirrel monkey. | 1992 Feb |
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[A case report of severe urinary retention and meteorism during flunarizine administration]. | 1992 Mar |
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Calcium-entry blockers-induced parkinsonism: possible role of inherited susceptibility. | 1992 Spring |
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Profile of capsaicin-induced mouse ear oedema as neurogenic inflammatory model: comparison with arachidonic acid-induced ear oedema. | 1993 Dec |
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Effect of calcium channel antagonists on cocaine-induced malignant arrhythmias: protection against ventricular fibrillation. | 1993 Jul |
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Pharmacological studies on a new dihydrothienopyridine calcium antagonist, S-312-d. 5th communication: anticonvulsant effects in mice. | 1994 Jun |
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Possible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors affecting parkinsonism inducement by cinnarizine and flunarizine. | 1995 Nov 9 |
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Catalepsy induced by manidipine, a calcium channel blocker, in mice. | 1996 Apr |
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Parkinsonism and other movement disorders in outpatients in chronic use of cinnarizine and flunarizine. | 2004 Sep |
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Atypical antipsychotic profile of flunarizine in animal models. | 2005 Jan |
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Treatment of migraine with prophylactic drugs. | 2008 Oct |
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Ameliorative effect of flunarizine in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure via mitochondrial permeability transition pore inactivation in rats. | 2011 Jan |
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FDA-approved drugs and other compounds tested as inhibitors of human glutathione transferase P1-1. | 2013 Sep 5 |
Sample Use Guides
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093793
To study the effect of flunarizine on the interaction between calmodulin and phosphodiesterase, proteins were isolated from bovine brain. PDE activity was measured using cAMP (1.2mM) as a substrate and in the presence of 5'-nucleotidase. The liberated Pi was measured in the supernatant by the method of Ames. The reaction was performed in the presence of CaCl2 and Calmodulin (positive control), in the presence of EGTA (negative control) and in the presence of various concentrations of flunarizine. IC50 determined for brain PDE was 21 uM.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29578
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C333
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
528116
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WHO-ATC |
N07CA03
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
823521
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
857721
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WHO-VATC |
QN07CA03
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
9485
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
398513
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
665818
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257-937-5
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C83718
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CHEMBL30008
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100000080711
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DTXSID6045616
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D005444
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1200
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DB04841
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2686
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4459
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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FLUNARIZINE
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52468-60-7
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Flunarizine
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941361
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SUB07707MIG
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R7PLA2DM0J
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m5445
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PRIMARY | Merck Index |
ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)