Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C3H8O3 |
Molecular Weight | 92.0938 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OCC(O)CO
InChI
InChIKey=PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
Glycerin (glycerol) is 3-carbon alcohol naturally occurring in the human body. It is the structural backbone triacylglycerol molecules, and can also be converted to a glycolytic substrate for subsequent metabolism. Glycerin is a colorless, odorless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid. The FDA classifies glycerol as "generally recognized as safe". Glycerin is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a sweetener in syrups, lozenges, and as an excipient in eyewash solutions. As an individual prescription product, glycerin has uses as a hyperosmotic, osmotic diuretic, and ophthalmic agent. It may be used as an eye drop in the treatment of glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure, as a solution or suppository for short-term treatment of constipation, to evacuate the bowel prior to a colonoscopy, and in some ocular surgeries. It may be given intravenously to reduce pressure inside the brain and used externally on the skin as a moisturizer. Glycerin has many other uses in the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical industry.
Approval Year
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
1770 mg/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8369006/ |
1.2 g/kg single, oral dose: 1.2 g/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
GLYCERIN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
39.3 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4300572/ |
120 mmol/m² single, intravenous dose: 120 mmol/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
GLYCERIN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
0.895 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8369006/ |
1.2 g/kg single, oral dose: 1.2 g/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
GLYCERIN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
310 g single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 72 years |
Other AEs: Agitation, Groaning... Other AEs: Agitation (1 patient) Sources: Groaning (1 patient) Speech loss (1 patient) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Agitation | 1 patient | 310 g single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 72 years |
Groaning | 1 patient | 310 g single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 72 years |
Speech loss | 1 patient | 310 g single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 72 years |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
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Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9113273/ |
yes |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Ventricular tachycardia caused by hyperkalemia after administration of hypertonic mannitol. | 2000 Nov |
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Inhibition of carcinogen induced c-Ha-ras and c-fos proto-oncogenes expression by dietary curcumin. | 2001 |
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Capillary electrophoresis with glycerol as an additive. | 2001 |
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Isolation and characterization of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts from primary culture--primary culture cells markedly differ from fourth-passage cells. | 2001 |
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Induced cytoskeletal changes in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by resveratrol and the accompanying modified responses to arterial shear stress. | 2001 |
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Reversible vacuolation of T-tubules in skeletal muscle: mechanisms and implications for cell biology. | 2001 |
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity associated with endogenous double-stranded RNA in rice. | 2001 Feb |
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Potential of freezing in wastewater treatment: soluble pollutant applications. | 2001 Feb |
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Characterization of northern pintail (Anas acuta) ejaculate and the effect of sperm preservation on fertility. | 2001 Feb |
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Effects of the perfusion of beta-, beta2-, or beta3-adrenergic agonists or epinephrine on in situ adipose tissue lipolysis measured by microdialysis in underfed ewes. | 2001 Feb |
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Increase in hydration and protective function of horny layer by glycerol and a W/O emulsion: are these effects maintained during long-term use? | 2001 Feb |
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Ultracentrifugal studies of the effect of molecular crowding by trimethylamine N-oxide on the self-association of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b. | 2001 Feb |
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Origin of the cytoplasmic pH changes during anaerobic stress in higher plant cells. Carbon-13 and phosphorous-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies. | 2001 Feb |
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Effective plasma concentration of a novel Na+/Ca2+ channel blocker NS-7 for its cerebroprotective actions in rats with a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. | 2001 Feb |
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Glucose kinetics and substrate oxidation during exercise in the follicular and luteal phases. | 2001 Feb |
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Structure, location, and lipid perturbations of melittin at the membrane interface. | 2001 Feb |
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Changes in a phospholipid bilayer induced by the hydrolysis of a phospholipase A2 enzyme: a molecular dynamics simulation study. | 2001 Feb |
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Catalase has a novel protective role against electrophile killing of Xanthomonas. | 2001 Feb |
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Chronic ingestion of ethanol stimulates lipogenic response in rat hepatocytes. | 2001 Feb 2 |
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The yeast glycerol 3-phosphatases Gpp1p and Gpp2p are required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress. | 2001 Feb 2 |
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Rapid screening of H(2)O(2) production by Mycoplasma mycoides and differentiation of European subsp. mycoides SC (small colony) isolates. | 2001 Feb 26 |
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Evidence against a major role of plasmalogens in the resistance of astrocytes in lactic acid-induced oxidative stress in vitro. | 2001 Jan |
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Biochemical characterization of Mycoplasma bovirhinis, Mycoplasma dispar and recent bovine isolates of Mycoplasma canis. | 2001 Jan |
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A technique for preserving pigmentation in some capsalid monogeneans for taxonomic purposes. | 2001 Jan |
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Avoid unnecessary drug-related carbohydrates for patients consuming the ketogenic diet. | 2001 Jan |
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Distinct long-term regulation of glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid release by insulin and TNF-alpha in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. | 2001 Jan |
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L-glutamate efflux with Corynebacterium glutamicum: why is penicillin treatment or Tween addition doing the same? | 2001 Jan |
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[Life style-related disease]. | 2001 Jan |
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Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in humans with endolymphatic hydrops. | 2001 Jan |
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The innervation of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: nitric acid maceration rediscovered. | 2001 Jan |
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Partially carboxymethylated feather keratins. 2. Thermal and mechanical properties of films. | 2001 Jan |
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Nod factor-induced phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate formation: a role for phospholipase C and D in root hair deformation. | 2001 Jan |
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Addition of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds of biological relevance to the monoolein/water system. I. Phase behavior. | 2001 Jan |
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Efficient lentiviral transduction of primary human acute myelogenous and lymphoblastic leukemia cells. | 2001 Jan |
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Intracellular transport of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine into lipid bodies in an oleaginous fungus, Mortierella ramanniana var. angulispora. | 2001 Jan |
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Molecular oxygen spin-lattice relaxation in solutions measured by proton magnetic relaxation dispersion. | 2001 Jan |
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A single bout of exercise induces beta-adrenergic desensitization in human adipose tissue. | 2001 Jan |
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Characterization of lyso-galactolipids, C-2 and C-3 O-acyl trigalactosylglycerol isomers, obtained from the lichenized fungus Dictyonema glabratum. | 2001 Jan 15 |
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Inhibition of a model protease--pyroglutamate aminopeptidase by a natural oligosaccharide gum from Hakea gibbosa. | 2001 Jan 16 |
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Aquaporin 3, a glycerol and water transporter, is regulated by p73 of the p53 family. | 2001 Jan 26 |
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Modification of the lyotropic liquid crystalline microstructure of amphiphilic block copolymers in the presence of cosolvents. | 2001 Jan 29 |
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Characteristics and glycerol metabolism of fumarate-reducing Enterococcus faecalis RKY1. | 2001 Jan 5 |
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Succinic acid production with reduced by-product formation in the fermentation of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens using glycerol as a carbon source. | 2001 Jan 5 |
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Rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under denitrification: effects of limiting nutrients and carbon substrates. | 2001 Jan 5 |
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A rational approach to improving productivity in recombinant Pichia pastoris fermentation. | 2001 Jan 5 |
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Signposts in the assembly of chylomicrons. | 2001 Mar 1 |
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Preparation of anhydrothrombin and characterization of its interaction with natural thrombin substrates. | 2001 Mar 1 |
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Mitochondrial control of iron homeostasis. A genome wide analysis of gene expression in a yeast frataxin-deficient strain. | 2001 Mar 16 |
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Dialysis addition of trehalose/glycerol cryoprotectant allows recovery of cryopreserved mouse spermatozoa with satisfactory fertilizing ability as assessed by yield of live young. | 2001 Mar-Apr |
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Bacterial peptidoglycan binds to tubulin. | 2001 Nov 15 |
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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LOINC |
54283-7
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
28188
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JECFA EVALUATION |
GLYCEROL
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JECFA EVALUATION |
INS-422
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) |
INS-422
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LOINC |
45300-1
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WHO-VATC |
QA16QA03
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LOINC |
54285-2
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LOINC |
2388-7
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LOINC |
2387-9
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DSLD |
1110 (Number of products:309)
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WHO-ATC |
A06AG04
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CFR |
21 CFR 349.12
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WHO-ATC |
A06AX01
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LOINC |
54284-5
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29697
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WHO-VATC |
QA06AG04
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NDF-RT |
N0000185370
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE |
63507
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WHO-VATC |
QA06AX01
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CFR |
21 CFR 347.10
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LOINC |
47632-5
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Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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DTXSID9020663
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DB09462
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N0000006566
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PRIMARY | Glycerol [Chemical/Ingredient] | ||
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GLYCEROL
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PRIMARY | |||
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SUB07948MIG
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SUB13992MIG
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N0000171131
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PRIMARY | Allergens [Chemical/Ingredient] | ||
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753
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GLYCERIN
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PRIMARY | Description: A clear, colourless or almost colourless, syrupy liquid; odourless. Miscibility: Miscible with water and ethanol (~750 g/l) TS; slightly miscible with acetone R; practically immiscible with ether R. Category: Solvent; humectant.Storage: Glycerol should be kept in a tightly closed container. Additional information: Glycerol is hygroscopic. Requirement: Glycerol contains not less than 95.0% and not more than the equivalent of 101.0% of C3H8O3, calculated with reference to theanhydrous substance. | ||
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PDC6A3C0OX
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56-81-5
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CHEMBL692
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C29077
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N0000184306
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PRIMARY | Cell-mediated Immunity [PE] | ||
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200-289-5
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PDC6A3C0OX
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1316
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m5790
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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444
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N0000175629
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PRIMARY | Increased Histamine Release [PE] | ||
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1295607
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PRIMARY | |||
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9230
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4910
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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D005990
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PRIMARY | |||
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N0000185001
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PRIMARY | Increased IgG Production [PE] | ||
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492
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PRIMARY | |||
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17754
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PRIMARY | |||
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100000092821
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PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)