U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
This repository is under review for potential modification in compliance with Administration directives.

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C3H8O3
Molecular Weight 92.0938
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Glycerin

SMILES

OCC(O)CO

InChI

InChIKey=PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Glycerin (glycerol) is 3-carbon alcohol naturally occurring in the human body. It is the structural backbone triacylglycerol molecules, and can also be converted to a glycolytic substrate for subsequent metabolism. Glycerin is a colorless, odorless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid. The FDA classifies glycerol as "generally recognized as safe". Glycerin is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a sweetener in syrups, lozenges, and as an excipient in eyewash solutions. As an individual prescription product, glycerin has uses as a hyperosmotic, osmotic diuretic, and ophthalmic agent. It may be used as an eye drop in the treatment of glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure, as a solution or suppository for short-term treatment of constipation, to evacuate the bowel prior to a colonoscopy, and in some ocular surgeries. It may be given intravenously to reduce pressure inside the brain and used externally on the skin as a moisturizer. Glycerin has many other uses in the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical industry.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Palliative
DERM-APPLY

Approved Use

Restore moisture balance in dry skin or hair.

Launch Date

1988
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1770 mg/L
1.2 g/kg single, oral
dose: 1.2 g/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
GLYCERIN serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
39.3 min
120 mmol/m² single, intravenous
dose: 120 mmol/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
GLYCERIN serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
0.895 h
1.2 g/kg single, oral
dose: 1.2 g/kg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
GLYCERIN serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
310 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 310 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 310 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 72 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 72 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Other AEs: Agitation, Groaning...
Other AEs:
Agitation (1 patient)
Groaning (1 patient)
Speech loss (1 patient)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Agitation 1 patient
310 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 310 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 310 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 72 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 72 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Groaning 1 patient
310 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 310 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 310 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 72 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 72 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Speech loss 1 patient
310 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 310 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 310 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 72 years
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 72 years
Sex: M
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer

Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Ventricular tachycardia caused by hyperkalemia after administration of hypertonic mannitol.
2000 Nov
Inhibition of carcinogen induced c-Ha-ras and c-fos proto-oncogenes expression by dietary curcumin.
2001
Capillary electrophoresis with glycerol as an additive.
2001
Isolation and characterization of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts from primary culture--primary culture cells markedly differ from fourth-passage cells.
2001
Induced cytoskeletal changes in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by resveratrol and the accompanying modified responses to arterial shear stress.
2001
Reversible vacuolation of T-tubules in skeletal muscle: mechanisms and implications for cell biology.
2001
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity associated with endogenous double-stranded RNA in rice.
2001 Feb
Potential of freezing in wastewater treatment: soluble pollutant applications.
2001 Feb
Characterization of northern pintail (Anas acuta) ejaculate and the effect of sperm preservation on fertility.
2001 Feb
Effects of the perfusion of beta-, beta2-, or beta3-adrenergic agonists or epinephrine on in situ adipose tissue lipolysis measured by microdialysis in underfed ewes.
2001 Feb
Increase in hydration and protective function of horny layer by glycerol and a W/O emulsion: are these effects maintained during long-term use?
2001 Feb
Ultracentrifugal studies of the effect of molecular crowding by trimethylamine N-oxide on the self-association of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b.
2001 Feb
Origin of the cytoplasmic pH changes during anaerobic stress in higher plant cells. Carbon-13 and phosphorous-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies.
2001 Feb
Effective plasma concentration of a novel Na+/Ca2+ channel blocker NS-7 for its cerebroprotective actions in rats with a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.
2001 Feb
Glucose kinetics and substrate oxidation during exercise in the follicular and luteal phases.
2001 Feb
Structure, location, and lipid perturbations of melittin at the membrane interface.
2001 Feb
Changes in a phospholipid bilayer induced by the hydrolysis of a phospholipase A2 enzyme: a molecular dynamics simulation study.
2001 Feb
Catalase has a novel protective role against electrophile killing of Xanthomonas.
2001 Feb
Chronic ingestion of ethanol stimulates lipogenic response in rat hepatocytes.
2001 Feb 2
The yeast glycerol 3-phosphatases Gpp1p and Gpp2p are required for glycerol biosynthesis and differentially involved in the cellular responses to osmotic, anaerobic, and oxidative stress.
2001 Feb 2
Rapid screening of H(2)O(2) production by Mycoplasma mycoides and differentiation of European subsp. mycoides SC (small colony) isolates.
2001 Feb 26
Evidence against a major role of plasmalogens in the resistance of astrocytes in lactic acid-induced oxidative stress in vitro.
2001 Jan
Biochemical characterization of Mycoplasma bovirhinis, Mycoplasma dispar and recent bovine isolates of Mycoplasma canis.
2001 Jan
A technique for preserving pigmentation in some capsalid monogeneans for taxonomic purposes.
2001 Jan
Avoid unnecessary drug-related carbohydrates for patients consuming the ketogenic diet.
2001 Jan
Distinct long-term regulation of glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid release by insulin and TNF-alpha in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
2001 Jan
L-glutamate efflux with Corynebacterium glutamicum: why is penicillin treatment or Tween addition doing the same?
2001 Jan
[Life style-related disease].
2001 Jan
Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in humans with endolymphatic hydrops.
2001 Jan
The innervation of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: nitric acid maceration rediscovered.
2001 Jan
Partially carboxymethylated feather keratins. 2. Thermal and mechanical properties of films.
2001 Jan
Nod factor-induced phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate formation: a role for phospholipase C and D in root hair deformation.
2001 Jan
Addition of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds of biological relevance to the monoolein/water system. I. Phase behavior.
2001 Jan
Efficient lentiviral transduction of primary human acute myelogenous and lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
2001 Jan
Intracellular transport of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine into lipid bodies in an oleaginous fungus, Mortierella ramanniana var. angulispora.
2001 Jan
Molecular oxygen spin-lattice relaxation in solutions measured by proton magnetic relaxation dispersion.
2001 Jan
A single bout of exercise induces beta-adrenergic desensitization in human adipose tissue.
2001 Jan
Characterization of lyso-galactolipids, C-2 and C-3 O-acyl trigalactosylglycerol isomers, obtained from the lichenized fungus Dictyonema glabratum.
2001 Jan 15
Inhibition of a model protease--pyroglutamate aminopeptidase by a natural oligosaccharide gum from Hakea gibbosa.
2001 Jan 16
Aquaporin 3, a glycerol and water transporter, is regulated by p73 of the p53 family.
2001 Jan 26
Modification of the lyotropic liquid crystalline microstructure of amphiphilic block copolymers in the presence of cosolvents.
2001 Jan 29
Characteristics and glycerol metabolism of fumarate-reducing Enterococcus faecalis RKY1.
2001 Jan 5
Succinic acid production with reduced by-product formation in the fermentation of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens using glycerol as a carbon source.
2001 Jan 5
Rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under denitrification: effects of limiting nutrients and carbon substrates.
2001 Jan 5
A rational approach to improving productivity in recombinant Pichia pastoris fermentation.
2001 Jan 5
Signposts in the assembly of chylomicrons.
2001 Mar 1
Preparation of anhydrothrombin and characterization of its interaction with natural thrombin substrates.
2001 Mar 1
Mitochondrial control of iron homeostasis. A genome wide analysis of gene expression in a yeast frataxin-deficient strain.
2001 Mar 16
Dialysis addition of trehalose/glycerol cryoprotectant allows recovery of cryopreserved mouse spermatozoa with satisfactory fertilizing ability as assessed by yield of live young.
2001 Mar-Apr
Bacterial peptidoglycan binds to tubulin.
2001 Nov 15
Name Type Language
Glycerin
FCC   HSDB   II   INCI   ORANGE BOOK   USP   USP-RS   VANDF  
INCI  
Official Name English
Glycerol
EP   FHFI   INN   MART.   MI   WHO-DD   WHO-IP  
INN  
Preferred Name English
PZN 7474853
Code English
GLYCERIN,ANHYDROUS
VANDF  
Common Name English
glycerol [INN]
Common Name English
GLYCERIN [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
GLYCERIN [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL
Systematic Name English
GLYCERIN [II]
Common Name English
GLYCERINUM
HPUS  
Common Name English
2-PROPANOL, 1,3-DIHYDROXY-
Systematic Name English
E-422
Code English
1,2,3-TRIHYDROXYPROPANE
Systematic Name English
GLYCERINE
Systematic Name English
GLYCEROLUM [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
TRYHYDROXYPROPANE
Common Name English
GLYCERIN,ANHYDROUS [VANDF]
Common Name English
GLYCEROL [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
INS-422
Code English
GLYCERIN [USP-RS]
Common Name English
NSC-9230
Code English
GLYCERIN [JAN]
Common Name English
GLYCEROL [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
MONOCTANOIN COMPONENT D
Common Name English
Glycerol 85% [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
GLYCERIN [HSDB]
Common Name English
GLYCEROL [FHFI]
Common Name English
M 314429
Code English
Glycerol [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
GLYCERINUM [HPUS]
Common Name English
FEMA NO. 2525
Code English
GLYCEROL [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
GLYCEROL [MART.]
Common Name English
INS NO.422
Code English
GLYCEROL [MI]
Common Name English
GLYCERIN [VANDF]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
LOINC 54283-7
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 28188
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
JECFA EVALUATION GLYCEROL
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
JECFA EVALUATION INS-422
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) INS-422
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 45300-1
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QA16QA03
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 54285-2
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 2388-7
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 2387-9
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
DSLD 1110 (Number of products:309)
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC A06AG04
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
CFR 21 CFR 349.12
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC A06AX01
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 54284-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C29697
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QA06AG04
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
NDF-RT N0000185370
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
EPA PESTICIDE CODE 63507
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QA06AX01
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
CFR 21 CFR 347.10
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
LOINC 47632-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
EPA CompTox
DTXSID9020663
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB09462
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000006566
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Glycerol [Chemical/Ingredient]
WIKIPEDIA
GLYCEROL
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB07948MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13992MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000171131
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Allergens [Chemical/Ingredient]
PUBCHEM
753
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
GLYCERIN
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Description: A clear, colourless or almost colourless, syrupy liquid; odourless. Miscibility: Miscible with water and ethanol (~750 g/l) TS; slightly miscible with acetone R; practically immiscible with ether R. Category: Solvent; humectant.Storage: Glycerol should be kept in a tightly closed container. Additional information: Glycerol is hygroscopic. Requirement: Glycerol contains not less than 95.0% and not more than the equivalent of 101.0% of C3H8O3, calculated with reference to theanhydrous substance.
FDA UNII
PDC6A3C0OX
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
56-81-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL692
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C29077
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000184306
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Cell-mediated Immunity [PE]
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-289-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
PDC6A3C0OX
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
1316
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m5790
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
INN
444
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000175629
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Increased Histamine Release [PE]
RS_ITEM_NUM
1295607
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
9230
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
4910
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
MESH
D005990
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NDF-RT
N0000185001
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Increased IgG Production [PE]
HSDB
492
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
17754
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000092821
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:35:08 GMT 2025
PRIMARY