Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C8H12N4O5 |
Molecular Weight | 244.205 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 4 / 4 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
C([C@]1([H])[C@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@]([H])(n2cnc(=N)nc2O)O1)O)O)O
InChI
InChIKey=NMUSYJAQQFHJEW-KVTDHHQDSA-N
InChI=1S/C8H12N4O5/c9-7-10-2-12(8(16)11-7)6-5(15)4(14)3(1-13)17-6/h2-6,13-15H,1H2,(H2,9,11,16)/t3-,4-,5-,6-/m1/s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment:: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15962522
Curator's Comment:: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15962522
Azacitidine (Vidaza; Pharmion), an inhibitor of DNA methylation, was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes in May 2004. It is the first drug to be approved by the FDA for treating this rare family of bone-marrow disorders, and has been given orphan-drug status. It is also a pioneering example of an agent that targets 'epigenetic' gene silencing, a mechanism that is exploited by cancer cells to inhibit the expression of genes that counteract the malignant phenotype. VIDAZA is used for the treatment of patients with the following FAB myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) subtypes: Refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). Azacitidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog of cytidine. It is believed to exert its antineoplastic effects by causing hypomethylation of DNA and direct cytotoxicity on abnormal hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The concentration of azacitidine required for maximum inhibition of DNA methylation in vitro does not cause major suppression of DNA synthesis. Hypomethylation may restore normal function to genes that are critical for differentiation and proliferation. As azacitidine is a ribonucleoside, it incorporates into RNA to a larger extent than into DNA. The incorporation into RNA leads to the dissemble of polyribosomes, defective methylation and acceptor function of transfer RNA, and inhibition of the production of protein. Its incorporation into DNA leads to a covalent binding with DNA methyltransferases, which prevents DNA synthesis and subsequent cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effects of azacitidine cause the death of rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells that are no longer responsive to normal growth control mechanisms. Non-proliferating cells are relatively insensitive to azacitidine.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19051502/
Curator's Comment:: can cross the blood–brain barrier
Originator
Sources: http://bizwest.com/pharmion-secures-65-million/
Curator's Comment:: Pharmion acquired from Pharmacia Corp. the global rights to develop and commercialize 5-Azacitidine, a drug that has been studied for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1992 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20126405 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2311222 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2443243 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2311221 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20126405 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | VIDAZA Approved UseAzacitidine for injection is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with the following FAB myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) subtypes: Refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). 1.1 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Azacitidine for injection is indicated for treatment of patients with the following French-American-British (FAB) myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). Launch Date1.08492482E12 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
121 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1261.96 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1264.6 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01599325 |
75 mg/m^2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: multiple co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
293.38 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
745.5 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
749.04 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
184 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1502.86 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1505.15999999999 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
454.8 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
455.86 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
895.38 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
897.43 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
920.76 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
921.87 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1533.37 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
460.469999999999 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
897.42 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
945.5 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.56 h EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
41 min |
75 mg/m² single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m² route of administration: Subcutaneous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Nausea, Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Nausea (2.1%) Sources: Diarrhea (1.7%) Vomiting (1.3%) Neutropenia (20%) Thrombocytopenia (8%) Nausea (6%) Neutropenia (6%) Diarrhea (3.4%) Thrombocytopenia (1.7%) Nausea (1.7%) |
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 3 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 3 Sources: |
DLT: Diarrhea... Dose limiting toxicities: Diarrhea (grade 3-4, 2 patients) Sources: |
480 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral MTD Dose: 480 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 480 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 14 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 14 Sources: |
|
45 mg/m2 5 times / 2 weeks multiple, respiratory Highest studied dose Dose: 45 mg/m2, 5 times / 2 weeks Route: respiratory Route: multiple Dose: 45 mg/m2, 5 times / 2 weeks Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 8 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: advanced non-small cell lung cancer Age Group: adult Population Size: 8 Sources: |
|
290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Other AEs: Diarrhea, Nausea... Other AEs: Diarrhea (1 patient) Sources: Nausea (1 patient) Vomiting (1 patient) |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Disc. AE: Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Leukopenia (>2) Sources: Thrombocytopenia (>2) Neutropenia (>2) |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Disc. AE: Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Leukopenia (>2) Sources: Thrombocytopenia (>2) Neutropenia (>2) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Vomiting | 1.3% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 2.1% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Neutropenia | 20% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 3.4% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 6% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Neutropenia | 6% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | 8% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | grade 3-4, 2 patients DLT |
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 3 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 3 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Nausea | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Vomiting | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Leukopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Neutropenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Leukopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Neutropenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 14.0 |
no |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Unnatural enantiomers of 5-azacytidine analogues: syntheses and enzymatic properties. | 2000 Nov |
|
Comparative effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on MCF-7, RL95-2, and LNCaP cells: role of target steroid hormones in cellular responsiveness to CYP1A1 induction. | 2000 Sep |
|
Targeting hypomethylation of DNA to achieve cellular differentiation in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). | 2001 |
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Hematologic malignancies: an opportunity for targeted drug therapy. | 2001 |
|
Effects of simian virus 40 T-antigens on normal human mammary epithelial cells reveal evidence for spontaneous alterations in addition to loss of p16(INK4a) expression. | 2001 Apr 15 |
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Reversion of transcriptional repression of Sp1 by 5 aza-2' deoxycytidine restores TGF-beta type II receptor expression in the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. | 2001 Aug 15 |
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5-azaC treatment enhances expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptors through down-regulation of Sp3. | 2001 Aug 31 |
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Effects of hydroxurea, stem cell factor, and erythropoietin in combination on fetal hemoglobin in the baboon. | 2001 Feb |
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Identification of a novel member of the snail/Gfi-1 repressor family, mlt 1, which is methylated and silenced in liver tumors of SV40 T antigen transgenic mice. | 2001 Feb 1 |
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Evidence of abundant constitutive alkali-labile sites in human 5 bp classical satellite DNA loci by DBD-FISH. | 2001 Feb 20 |
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Anticancer drug-induced kidney disorders. | 2001 Jan |
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Loss of mismatch repair activity in simian virus 40 large T antigen-immortalized BPH-1 human prostatic epithelial cell line. | 2001 Jul |
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Decitabine with allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the therapy of leukemia relapse following a prior transplant: results of a phase I study. | 2001 Jun |
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Overexpression of MnSOD protects murine fibrosarcoma cells (FSa-II) from apoptosis and promotes a differentiation program upon treatment with 5-azacytidine: involvement of MAPK and NFkappaB pathways. | 2001 Jun |
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Increased sensitivity of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 null cells to alkylating agents reveals a novel link between TGFbeta signaling and O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase promoter hypermethylation. | 2001 Jun 1 |
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Silencing of the caspase-1 gene occurs in murine and human renal cancer cells and causes solid tumor growth in vivo. | 2001 Mar 1 |
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Association of deletions and translocation of the reduced folate carrier gene with profound loss of gene expression in methotrexate-resistant K562 human erythroleukemia cells. | 2001 Mar 15 |
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Two-dimensional database of a Burkitt lymphoma cell line (DG 75) proteins: protein pattern changes following treatment with 5'-azycytidine. | 2001 May |
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Induction of Tax i expression in MT-4 cells by 5-azacytidine leads to protein binding in the HTLV-1 LTR in vivo. | 2001 May 10 |
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5-Azacytidine modulates the response of sensitive and multidrug-resistant K562 leukemic cells to cytostatic drugs. | 2001 May-Jun |
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GSTP1 CpG island hypermethylation is responsible for the absence of GSTP1 expression in human prostate cancer cells. | 2001 Nov |
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Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity causes cell type-specific induction of the PDGF-B promoter only in the absence of activation by its enhancer. | 2001 Nov 1 |
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E-cadherin expression is commonly downregulated by CpG island hypermethylation in esophageal carcinoma cells. | 2001 Nov 8 |
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Chondrocyte phenotype and cell survival are regulated by culture conditions and by specific cytokines through the expression of Sox-9 transcription factor. | 2001 Oct |
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DNA hypermethylation is a mechanism for loss of expression of the HLA class I genes in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. | 2001 Oct |
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Methylation changes in the human IGF2 p3 promoter parallel IGF2 expression in the primary tumor, established cell line, and xenograft of a human hepatoblastoma. | 2001 Oct 15 |
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CpG hypermethylation of the promoter region inactivates the estrogen receptor-beta gene in patients with prostate carcinoma. | 2001 Oct 15 |
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Glucocorticoid-mediated transrepression is regulated by histone acetylation and DNA methylation. | 2001 Oct 19 |
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Methylation in hMLH1 promoter interferes with its binding to transcription factor CBF and inhibits gene expression. | 2001 Oct 25 |
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Evolving treatment options of myelodysplastic syndromes. | 2001 Sep |
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Selection of drug-resistant transduced cells with cytosine nucleoside analogs using the human cytidine deaminase gene. | 2001 Sep |
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Molecular mechanisms mediating methylation-dependent silencing of ribosomal gene transcription. | 2001 Sep |
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Hypermethylation of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 6 (APT1, Fas, CD95/Apo-1) gene promoter at rel/nuclear factor kappaB sites in prostatic carcinoma. | 2001 Sep |
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Promoter hypermethylation of MGMT is associated with protein loss in gastric carcinoma. | 2001 Sep |
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The E-cadherin gene is silenced by CpG methylation in human oral squamous cell carcinomas. | 2001 Sep 1 |
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Evaluation of pharmacological induction of fatty acid beta-oxidation in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. | 2001 Sep-Oct |
Sample Use Guides
The recommended starting dose for the first treatment cycle, for all patients regardless of baseline hematology laboratory values, is 75 mg/m2 subcutaneously or intravenously, daily for 7 days. Premedicate patients for nausea and vomiting.
Repeat cycles every 4 weeks. After 2 cycles, may increase dose to 100 mg/m2 if no beneficial effect is seen and no toxicity other than nausea and vomiting has occurred.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19549372
5-AZA ( 5-azacytidine) exerted anti-myeloma activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The IC(50) value of XG-7 cells treated with 5-AZA for 48 hours was 2.6 micromol/L. 1.0, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 micromol/L of 5-AZA treatment for 48 hours induced (34.3 +/- 8.0)%, (54.8 +/- 3.1)%, (64.1 +/- 3.4)%, (81.0 +/- 4.1)% apoptosis in XG-7 cell line respectively. 5-AZA treatment can induce the expression of XAF1 mRNA and protein in myeloma.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
150101
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WHO-ATC |
L01BC07
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NDF-RT |
N0000000233
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EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS |
VIDAZA (AUTHORIZED: MYELODYPLASTIC SYNDROMES)
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LIVERTOX |
80
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WHO-VATC |
QL01BC07
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C2083
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
257008
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NDF-RT |
N0000175595
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C1557
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EU-Orphan Drug |
EU/3/01/084
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CHEMBL1489
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206-280-2
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6796
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320-67-2
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1251
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AZACITIDINE
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6879
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9444
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4520
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D001374
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SUB05624MIG
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M2154
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Azacitidine
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M801H13NRU
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C288
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1045520
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25
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320-67-2
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DB00928
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ACTIVE MOIETY