Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C8H12N4O5 |
Molecular Weight | 244.2047 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 4 / 4 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
NC1=NC(=O)N(C=N1)[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O
InChI
InChIKey=NMUSYJAQQFHJEW-KVTDHHQDSA-N
InChI=1S/C8H12N4O5/c9-7-10-2-12(8(16)11-7)6-5(15)4(14)3(1-13)17-6/h2-6,13-15H,1H2,(H2,9,11,16)/t3-,4-,5-,6-/m1/s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15962522
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15793220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15962522
Azacitidine (Vidaza; Pharmion), an inhibitor of DNA methylation, was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes in May 2004. It is the first drug to be approved by the FDA for treating this rare family of bone-marrow disorders, and has been given orphan-drug status. It is also a pioneering example of an agent that targets 'epigenetic' gene silencing, a mechanism that is exploited by cancer cells to inhibit the expression of genes that counteract the malignant phenotype. VIDAZA is used for the treatment of patients with the following FAB myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) subtypes: Refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). Azacitidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog of cytidine. It is believed to exert its antineoplastic effects by causing hypomethylation of DNA and direct cytotoxicity on abnormal hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The concentration of azacitidine required for maximum inhibition of DNA methylation in vitro does not cause major suppression of DNA synthesis. Hypomethylation may restore normal function to genes that are critical for differentiation and proliferation. As azacitidine is a ribonucleoside, it incorporates into RNA to a larger extent than into DNA. The incorporation into RNA leads to the dissemble of polyribosomes, defective methylation and acceptor function of transfer RNA, and inhibition of the production of protein. Its incorporation into DNA leads to a covalent binding with DNA methyltransferases, which prevents DNA synthesis and subsequent cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effects of azacitidine cause the death of rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells that are no longer responsive to normal growth control mechanisms. Non-proliferating cells are relatively insensitive to azacitidine.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19051502/
Curator's Comment: can cross the blood–brain barrier
Originator
Sources: http://bizwest.com/pharmion-secures-65-million/
Curator's Comment: Pharmion acquired from Pharmacia Corp. the global rights to develop and commercialize 5-Azacitidine, a drug that has been studied for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1992 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20126405 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2311222 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2443243 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2311221 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20126405 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | VIDAZA Approved UseAzacitidine for injection is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with the following FAB myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) subtypes: Refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). 1.1 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Azacitidine for injection is indicated for treatment of patients with the following French-American-British (FAB) myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). Launch Date2004 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
121 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1261.96 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1264.6 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01599325 |
75 mg/m^2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: multiple co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
293.38 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
745.5 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
749.04 ng/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
184 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1502.86 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1505.15999999999 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
454.8 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
455.86 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
895.38 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
897.43 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
920.76 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
921.87 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
1533.37 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
100 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 100 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
460.469999999999 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
25 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 25 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
897.42 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
50 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 50 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
|
945.5 ng*h/mL Clinical Trial https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00652626 |
75 mg/m^2 single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m^2 route of administration: subcutaneous experiment type: single co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: unhealthy age: sex: food status: |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.56 h EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26296092 |
200 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
41 min |
75 mg/m² single, subcutaneous dose: 75 mg/m² route of administration: Subcutaneous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AZACITIDINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Nausea, Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Nausea (2.1%) Sources: Diarrhea (1.7%) Vomiting (1.3%) Neutropenia (20%) Thrombocytopenia (8%) Nausea (6%) Neutropenia (6%) Diarrhea (3.4%) Thrombocytopenia (1.7%) Nausea (1.7%) |
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 3 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 3 Sources: |
DLT: Diarrhea... Dose limiting toxicities: Diarrhea (grade 3-4, 2 patients) Sources: |
480 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral MTD Dose: 480 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 480 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 14 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 14 Sources: |
|
45 mg/m2 5 times / 2 weeks multiple, respiratory Highest studied dose Dose: 45 mg/m2, 5 times / 2 weeks Route: respiratory Route: multiple Dose: 45 mg/m2, 5 times / 2 weeks Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 8 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: advanced non-small cell lung cancer Age Group: adult Population Size: 8 Sources: |
|
290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Other AEs: Diarrhea, Nausea... Other AEs: Diarrhea (1 patient) Sources: Nausea (1 patient) Vomiting (1 patient) |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Disc. AE: Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Leukopenia (>2) Sources: Thrombocytopenia (>2) Neutropenia (>2) |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Disc. AE: Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Leukopenia (>2) Sources: Thrombocytopenia (>2) Neutropenia (>2) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Vomiting | 1.3% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | 1.7% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 2.1% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Neutropenia | 20% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 3.4% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Nausea | 6% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Neutropenia | 6% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | 8% Disc. AE |
300 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 300 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) n = 236 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Acute Myeloid Leukemia Age Group: 68.0 years (range: 55- 86 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 236 Sources: |
Diarrhea | grade 3-4, 2 patients DLT |
600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 600 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 70 years (range: 31-91 years) n = 3 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: myelodysplastic syndromes | chronic myelomonocytic leukemia | acute myeloid leukemia Age Group: 70 years (range: 31-91 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 3 Sources: |
Diarrhea | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Nausea | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Vomiting | 1 patient | 290 mg/m2 single, intravenous Overdose Dose: 290 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 290 mg/m2 Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Leukopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Neutropenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Leukopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Neutropenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Thrombocytopenia | >2 Disc. AE |
75 mg/m2 1 times / day multiple, subcutaneous (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Route: subcutaneous Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg/m2, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
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Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Page: 14.0 |
no | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2004/50-794_Vidaza_BioPharmr.pdf#page=28 Page: 28.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
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Page: 14.0 |
no |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 14.0 |
no |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Comparative effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on MCF-7, RL95-2, and LNCaP cells: role of target steroid hormones in cellular responsiveness to CYP1A1 induction. | 2000 Sep |
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Autoreactive murine Th1 and Th2 cells kill syngeneic macrophages and induce autoantibodies. | 2001 |
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Transcripts of the MHM region on the chicken Z chromosome accumulate as non-coding RNA in the nucleus of female cells adjacent to the DMRT1 locus. | 2001 |
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Activation of the p53 DNA damage response pathway after inhibition of DNA methyltransferase by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. | 2001 Apr |
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Maedi-visna virus, a model for in vitro testing of potential anti-HIV drugs. | 2001 Apr |
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Acquired resistance of melanoma cells to the antineoplastic agent fotemustine is caused by reactivation of the DNA repair gene MGMT. | 2001 Apr 1 |
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Effects of simian virus 40 T-antigens on normal human mammary epithelial cells reveal evidence for spontaneous alterations in addition to loss of p16(INK4a) expression. | 2001 Apr 15 |
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Changes in DNA methylation in neoplasia: pathophysiology and therapeutic implications. | 2001 Apr 3 |
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Unnatural enantiomers of 5-azacytidine analogues: syntheses and enzymatic properties. | 2001 Apr-Jul |
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Zidovudine (AZT) resistance in H9 cells due to decreased TK expression is associated with hypermethylation of TK gene. | 2001 Apr-Jul |
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6-azacytidine--compound with wide spectrum of antiviral activity. | 2001 Apr-Jul |
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Cytogenetic responses in high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome following low-dose treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. | 2001 Aug |
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Loss of cyp1a1 messenger rna expression due to nonsense-mediated decay. | 2001 Aug |
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Reversion of transcriptional repression of Sp1 by 5 aza-2' deoxycytidine restores TGF-beta type II receptor expression in the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. | 2001 Aug 15 |
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Molecular mechanisms for aberrant expression of the human breast cancer specific gene 1 in breast cancer cells: control of transcription by DNA methylation and intronic sequences. | 2001 Aug 23 |
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Unbalanced expression of HLA-A and -B antigens: a specific feature of cutaneous melanoma and other non-hemopoietic malignancies reverted by IFN-gamma. | 2001 Feb 15 |
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Promoter hypermethylation: a common cause of reduced p16(INK4a) expression in uveal melanoma. | 2001 Jul 1 |
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Evidence for gene silencing in Haemophilus influenzae. | 2001 Jul 1 |
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Regulation of the intestinal mucin MUC2 gene expression in vivo: evidence for the role of promoter methylation. | 2001 Jul 10 |
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Decitabine with allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the therapy of leukemia relapse following a prior transplant: results of a phase I study. | 2001 Jun |
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Overexpression of MnSOD protects murine fibrosarcoma cells (FSa-II) from apoptosis and promotes a differentiation program upon treatment with 5-azacytidine: involvement of MAPK and NFkappaB pathways. | 2001 Jun |
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Transcriptional silencing of Cyclooxygenase-2 by hyper-methylation of the 5' CpG island in human gastric carcinoma cells. | 2001 Jun 1 |
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Increased sensitivity of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 null cells to alkylating agents reveals a novel link between TGFbeta signaling and O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase promoter hypermethylation. | 2001 Jun 1 |
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Development of regenerative cardiomyocytes from mesenchymal stem cells for cardiovascular tissue engineering. | 2001 Mar |
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Elevation of breast carcinoma Nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor gene expression and reduced motility by DNA methylation inhibition. | 2001 Mar 1 |
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Silencing of the caspase-1 gene occurs in murine and human renal cancer cells and causes solid tumor growth in vivo. | 2001 Mar 1 |
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Promoter methylation regulates Helicobacter pylori-stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 expression in gastric epithelial cells. | 2001 Mar 15 |
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Association of deletions and translocation of the reduced folate carrier gene with profound loss of gene expression in methotrexate-resistant K562 human erythroleukemia cells. | 2001 Mar 15 |
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Analysis of the ANA gene as a candidate for the chromosome 21q oral cancer susceptibility locus. | 2001 Mar 23 |
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Advances in experimental treatment of beta-thalassaemia. | 2001 May |
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5' CpG island methylation of the FHIT gene is correlated with loss of gene expression in lung and breast cancer. | 2001 May 1 |
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Induction of Tax i expression in MT-4 cells by 5-azacytidine leads to protein binding in the HTLV-1 LTR in vivo. | 2001 May 10 |
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CpG methylation as a basis for breast tumor-specific loss of NES1/kallikrein 10 expression. | 2001 Nov 1 |
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Diminished expression of S100A2, a putative tumor suppressor, at early stage of human lung carcinogenesis. | 2001 Nov 1 |
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Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity causes cell type-specific induction of the PDGF-B promoter only in the absence of activation by its enhancer. | 2001 Nov 1 |
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Early detection of endogenous retroviruses in chemically induced mouse cells. | 2001 Nov 5 |
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E-cadherin expression is commonly downregulated by CpG island hypermethylation in esophageal carcinoma cells. | 2001 Nov 8 |
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Chondrocyte phenotype and cell survival are regulated by culture conditions and by specific cytokines through the expression of Sox-9 transcription factor. | 2001 Oct |
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DNA hypomethylation of karyoplasts for bovine nuclear transplantation. | 2001 Oct |
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Methylation in hMLH1 promoter interferes with its binding to transcription factor CBF and inhibits gene expression. | 2001 Oct 25 |
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Methylation-dependent silencing of the reduced folate carrier gene in inherently methotrexate-resistant human breast cancer cells. | 2001 Oct 26 |
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Methylation of episomal plasmids as a barrier to transient gene expression via a synthetic delivery vector. | 2001 Oct 31 |
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Selection of drug-resistant transduced cells with cytosine nucleoside analogs using the human cytidine deaminase gene. | 2001 Sep |
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Hypermethylation of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 6 (APT1, Fas, CD95/Apo-1) gene promoter at rel/nuclear factor kappaB sites in prostatic carcinoma. | 2001 Sep |
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CpG methylation of promoter region inactivates E-cadherin gene in renal cell carcinoma. | 2001 Sep |
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Promoter hypermethylation of MGMT is associated with protein loss in gastric carcinoma. | 2001 Sep |
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Loss of annexin II heavy and light chains in prostate cancer and its precursors. | 2001 Sep 1 |
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Sensitization for death receptor- or drug-induced apoptosis by re-expression of caspase-8 through demethylation or gene transfer. | 2001 Sep 13 |
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Hypermethylation of CpG islands in the mouse asparagine synthetase gene: relationship to asparaginase sensitivity in lymphoma cells. Partial methylation in normal cells. | 2001 Sep 14 |
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Altered hox gene expression and cellular pathogenesis of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine-induced murine hindlimb dysmorphogenesis. | 2001 Sep-Oct |
Sample Use Guides
The recommended starting dose for the first treatment cycle, for all patients regardless of baseline hematology laboratory values, is 75 mg/m2 subcutaneously or intravenously, daily for 7 days. Premedicate patients for nausea and vomiting.
Repeat cycles every 4 weeks. After 2 cycles, may increase dose to 100 mg/m2 if no beneficial effect is seen and no toxicity other than nausea and vomiting has occurred.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19549372
5-AZA ( 5-azacytidine) exerted anti-myeloma activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The IC(50) value of XG-7 cells treated with 5-AZA for 48 hours was 2.6 micromol/L. 1.0, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 micromol/L of 5-AZA treatment for 48 hours induced (34.3 +/- 8.0)%, (54.8 +/- 3.1)%, (64.1 +/- 3.4)%, (81.0 +/- 4.1)% apoptosis in XG-7 cell line respectively. 5-AZA treatment can induce the expression of XAF1 mRNA and protein in myeloma.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
150101
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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WHO-ATC |
L01BC07
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
257008
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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NDF-RT |
N0000000233
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS |
VIDAZA (AUTHORIZED: MYELODYPLASTIC SYNDROMES)
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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LIVERTOX |
NBK548363
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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WHO-VATC |
QL01BC07
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C2083
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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NDF-RT |
N0000175595
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C1557
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
829021
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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EU-Orphan Drug |
EU/3/01/084
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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CHEMBL1489
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206-280-2
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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100000086905
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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6796
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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DTXSID9020116
Created by
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PRIMARY | |||
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1045520
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PRIMARY | |||
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2038
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PRIMARY | |||
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1251
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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AZACITIDINE
Created by
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PRIMARY | |||
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M801H13NRU
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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6879
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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102816
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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9444
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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4520
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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D001374
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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SUB05624MIG
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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m2154
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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Azacitidine
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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M801H13NRU
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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C288
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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25
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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320-67-2
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY | |||
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DB00928
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 05:11:30 GMT 2023
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PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY