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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula NO2
Molecular Weight 46.0055
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge -1

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of NITRITE ION

SMILES

[O-]N=O

InChI

InChIKey=IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI=1S/HNO2/c2-1-3/h(H,2,3)/p-1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16865769 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24843165 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21570835 | https://www.drugs.com/international/sodium-nitrite.html

Nitrite Ion is a symmetric anion with equal N–O bond lengths. Nitrite is important in biochemistry as a source of the potent vasodilator nitric oxide. Nitrate or nitrite (ingested) under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation has been classified as "Probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A) by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO) of the United Nations. Sodium nitrite is used for the curing of meat because it prevents bacterial growth and, as it is a reducing agent (opposite of oxidation agent), in a reaction with the meat's myoglobin, gives the product a desirable pink-red "fresh" color, such as with corned beef. This use of nitrite goes back to the Middle Ages, and in the US has been formally used since 1925. Because of the relatively high toxicity of nitrite (the lethal dose in humans is about 22 milligrams per kilogram of body weight), the maximum allowed nitrite concentration in meat products is 200 ppm. At these levels, some 80 to 90% of the nitrite in the average U.S. diet is not from cured meat products, but from natural nitrite production from vegetable nitrate intake. Under certain conditions – especially during cooking – nitrites in meat can react with degradation products of amino acids, forming nitrosamines, which are known carcinogens. However, the role of nitrites (and to some extent nitrates) in preventing botulism by preventing C. botulinum endospores from germinating have prevented the complete removal of nitrites from cured meat, and indeed by definition in the U.S., meat cannot be labeled as "cured" without nitrite addition. They are considered irreplaceable in the prevention of botulinum poisoning from consumption of cured dry sausages by preventing spore germination. Nitrite is a member of the drug class antidotes and is used to treat Cyanide Poisoning.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
8.4 mM [Ki]
0.82 mM [Ki]
16.0 mM [Ki]
1.78 mM [Ki]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Sodium Nitrite

Approved Use

Unknown
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Nitrate reductase from Achromobacter fischeri; purification and properties: function of flavines and cytochrome.
1957 Mar
Proton translocation and the respiratory nitrate reductase of Escherichia coli.
1975 Dec
The assimilatory nitrate reductase from the phototrophic bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus E1F1, is a flavoprotein.
1997 Sep 1
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Sodium Nitrite -10 mL of sodium nitrite at the rate of 2.5 to 5 mL/minute
Route of Administration: Intravenous
Erythrocytes, at 10% hematocrit, were treated with 0.1–10mM NaNO2 (corresponding to 0.0046–0.46mg/mL nitrite) for 30 min at 37_C. NaNO2 stock solutions were prepared in PBS. Cells not treated with NaNO2 were similarly incubated at 37_C and served as control. After 30-min incubation, samples were centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 10min at 4C and the pellets were washed with PBS. Erythrocytes in pellets were then lysed by adding 10 volumes of 5mMsodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, and allowed to stand for 2 h at 4C. Supernatants (hemolysates) obtained after centrifugation of the samples at 3,000 rpm were either used immediately or quickly frozen in aliquots and analyzed later. Hemoglobin concentration in hemolysates was determined by Drabkin’s reagent using a kit from Crest Biosystems
Name Type Language
NITRITE ION
Common Name English
NITRITE (NO2-)
Common Name English
NITRITE ANION
Common Name English
NITRITE
Systematic Name English
NITRITE ION (NO2-)
Common Name English
NITROUS ACID, ION(1-)
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
CFR 21 CFR 862.1510
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
NCI_THESAURUS C1916
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
LOINC 18370-7
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LOINC 55948-4
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
LOINC 55947-6
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
LOINC 2657-5
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
LOINC 13616-8
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
Code System Code Type Description
WIKIPEDIA
NITRITE
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000153753
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
14797-65-0
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
16301
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1546424
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
NCI_THESAURUS
C120467
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB12529
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
946
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB127990
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID5024219
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
J39976L608
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
J39976L608
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 01:36:46 UTC 2023
PRIMARY