Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C7H5NO4 |
| Molecular Weight | 167.1189 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=C(N=CC=C1)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=GJAWHXHKYYXBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C7H5NO4/c9-6(10)4-2-1-3-8-5(4)7(11)12/h1-3H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
Quinolinic acid is an endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist synthesized from L-tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway and thereby has the potential of mediating N-methyl-D-aspartate neuronal damage and dysfunction. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS. It can act as an endogenous brain excitotoxin when released by activated macrophages. Quinolinic acid is being used as a research tool to examine the role of excitotoxicity in neuronal degeneration associated with a number of neurological diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease) which involve selective neurotransmitter deficits.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Lithium suppresses excitotoxicity-induced striatal lesions in a rat model of Huntington's disease. | 2001 |
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| Kynurenine 3-mono-oxygenase activity and neurotoxic kynurenine metabolites increase in the spinal cord of rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | 2001 |
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| Kynurenic acid antagonists and kynurenine pathway inhibitors. | 2001 Apr |
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| The role of rat dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in working memory for egocentric responses. | 2001 Aug 10 |
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| Hypothalamic digoxin mediated model for oncogenesis. | 2001 Dec |
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| IFN-beta1b induces kynurenine pathway metabolism in human macrophages: potential implications for multiple sclerosis treatment. | 2001 Dec |
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| Kynurenine and its metabolites in the rat with experimental renal insufficiency. | 2001 Dec |
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| TrkB and TrkC are differentially regulated by excitotoxicity during development of the basal ganglia. | 2001 Dec |
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| A sensitive and reliable method for the detection of lipid peroxidation in biological tissues. | 2001 Feb |
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| The effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens core or shell regions on intravenous heroin self-administration in rats. | 2001 Feb |
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| Neuroprotection by estrogen via extracellular signal-regulated kinase against quinolinic acid-induced cell death in the rat hippocampus. | 2001 Feb |
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| Endogenous neurotoxins from tryptophan. | 2001 Jan |
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| Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cortical neurons is regulated by striatal target area. | 2001 Jan 1 |
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| Effects of dietary pyrazinamide, an antituberculosis agent, on the metabolism of tryptophan to niacin and of tryptophan to serotonin in rats. | 2001 Jun |
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| Quinolinic acid accumulation during neuroinflammation. Does it imply excitotoxicity? | 2001 Jun |
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| Neuroprotective effect of a CNTF-expressing lentiviral vector in the quinolinic acid rat model of Huntington's disease. | 2001 Jun |
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| Similarities and differences in the neuronal death processes activated by 3OH-kynurenine and quinolinic acid. | 2001 Jun |
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| Role of the striatum and nucleus accumbens in paced copulatory behavior in the female rat. | 2001 Jun |
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| Oligodendrocyte killing by quinolinic acid in vitro. | 2001 Mar 30 |
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| Changes in kynurenic, anthranilic, and quinolinic acid concentrations in rat brain tissue during development. | 2001 May |
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| Prenatal exposure to methyl mercury in rats: focus on changes in kynurenine pathway. | 2001 May 15 |
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| Kynurenine production and catabolism in fetal sheep with embolized or nonembolized placentas. | 2001 Oct |
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| Differential expression of active, phosphorylation-dependent MAP kinases, MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK and p38, and specific transcription factor substrates following quinolinic acid excitotoxicity in the rat. | 2001 Oct 19 |
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| Basolateral amygdala lesions disrupt latent inhibitionin rats. | 2001 Sep 1 |
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| Effect of orally administered guanosine on seizures and death induced by glutamatergic agents. | 2001 Sep 7 |
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| Excitatory amino acids differentially regulate the expression of GDNF, neurturin, and their receptors in the adult rat striatum. | 2002 Apr |
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| Ebselen blocks the quinolinic acid-induced production of thiobarbituric acid reactive species but does not prevent the behavioral alterations produced by intra-striatal quinolinic acid administration in the rat. | 2002 Feb 1 |
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| Quinolinic acid stimulates synaptosomal glutamate release and inhibits glutamate uptake into astrocytes. | 2002 Jun |
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| Striatopallidal neurons are selectively protected by neurturin in an excitotoxic model of Huntington's disease. | 2002 Mar |
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| Tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway in experimental chronic renal failure. | 2002 Mar |
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| The clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites and lactate in severe malaria. | 2002 Mar 1 |
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| Hunting for excitement: NMDA receptors in Huntington's disease. | 2002 Mar 14 |
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| Excitotoxic and metabolic damage to the rodent striatum: role of the P75 neurotrophin receptor and glial progenitors. | 2002 Mar 18 |
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| Effects of nerve and fibroblast growth factors on the production of nitric oxide in experimental model of Huntington's disease. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
Sample Use Guides
The effects of quinolinic acid (QUIN) on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity were examined in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons. Exposing these neurons to QUIN (< or =2.5 mM) in the presence of glucose and Mg2+ had no effect on their viability. Although pretreating neurons with QUIN (10 microM) for 6 h did not reduce necrotic death induced by glutamate exposure in the absence of glucose and Mg2+, QUIN pretreatment significantly suppressed glutamate-induced apoptosis by 68% (as indicated by DNA fragmentation) in cultures containing glucose and Mg2+. Furthermore, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist AP-5 reversed QUIN-induced neuroprotection, while the non-NMDA antagonist CNQX had no effect. This study demonstrates that pathophysiologically relevant concentrations of QUIN can protect neurons from apoptosis mediated via the NMDA receptor.
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C542
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F6F0HK1URN
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DB01796
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m9460
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13127
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16675
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QUINOLINIC ACID
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C113236
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D017378
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SUBSTANCE RECORD
