Details
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Molecular Formula | C16H16ClN3O3S |
Molecular Weight | 365.835 |
Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CC1CC2=C(C=CC=C2)N1NC(=O)C3=CC=C(Cl)C(=C3)S(N)(=O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=NDDAHWYSQHTHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H16ClN3O3S/c1-10-8-11-4-2-3-5-14(11)20(10)19-16(21)12-6-7-13(17)15(9-12)24(18,22)23/h2-7,9-10H,8H2,1H3,(H,19,21)(H2,18,22,23)
DescriptionSources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00808Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/dosage/indapamide.html
Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00808
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/dosage/indapamide.html
Indapamide is an antihypertensive and a diuretic. It contains both a polar sulfamoyl chlorobenzamide moiety and a lipid- soluble methylindoline moiety. Indapamide blocks the slow component of delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs) without altering the rapid component (IKr) or the inward rectifier current. Specifically it blocks or antagonizes the action the proteins KCNQ1 and KCNE1. Indapamide is also thought to stimulate the synthesis of the vasodilatory hypotensive prostaglandin PGE2. Indapamide is used for the treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs, as well as for the treatment of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure or edema from pregnancy (appropriate only in the management of edema of pathologic origin during pregnancy when clearly needed). Also used for the management of edema as a result of various causes.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1866 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00808 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL4872 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00808 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL3594 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119014 |
36.0 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL3242 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119014 |
10.0 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2326 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119014 |
0.23 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1876 Sources: http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?dr:D00345 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Indapamide Approved UseIndapamide tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.
Indapamide tablets are also indicated for the treatment of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure. Launch Date1998 |
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Primary | Indapamide Approved UseIndapamide tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.
Indapamide tablets are also indicated for the treatment of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure. Launch Date1998 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
260 ng/mL |
5 g single, oral dose: 5 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
47.79 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23447043 |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
919.52 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23447043 |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
14 h |
5 g single, oral dose: 5 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
23.23 h EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23447043 |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
25% |
5 g single, oral dose: 5 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
INDAPAMIDE blood | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
2.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 2.5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 2.5 mg, 1 times / day Sources: Page: p.261 |
unhealthy, 21 - 73 n = 311 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 21 - 73 Sex: M+F Population Size: 311 Sources: Page: p.261 |
Disc. AE: Hypokalemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hypokalemia (0.64%) Sources: Page: p.261 |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Hypokalemia | 0.64% Disc. AE |
2.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 2.5 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 2.5 mg, 1 times / day Sources: Page: p.261 |
unhealthy, 21 - 73 n = 311 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 21 - 73 Sex: M+F Population Size: 311 Sources: Page: p.261 |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
no | ||||
yes [IC50 11 uM] | ||||
yes [Inhibition 10 uM] | ||||
yes |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
major | ||||
yes | ||||
yes | ||||
yes |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Antihypertensive action of indapamide. Comparative studies in several experimental models. | 1975 Oct |
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Progress in reducing the burden of stroke. | 2001 Dec |
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Effects of combination of low doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and diuretics on renal function in spontaneously hypertensive rats: comparison between acute and chronic treatment. | 2001 Jun |
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Clinical benefit of very-low-dose perindopril-indapamide combination in hypertension. | 2001 Nov |
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Amelioration of arterial properties with a perindopril-indapamide very-low-dose combination. | 2001 Nov |
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A double-blind trial of perindopril and nitrendipine in incipient diabetic nephropathy. | 2001 Oct |
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[CEA comprehensive evaluation for Western and traditional Chinese hypotensive drugs]. | 2001 Sep |
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Indapamide-induced pemphigus foliaceus. | 2001 Sep |
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Blood pressure and stroke; the PROGRESS trial. | 2001 Sep |
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[Changes of distensibility of the aorta in elderly patients during long-term therapy with various classes of hypotensive drugs (magnetic resonance tomography data)]. | 2002 |
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[Tolerability and efficacy of retard form of indapamide in the treatment of hypertension in elderly patients (results of multicenter open non-comparative trial in Russian program ARGUS)]. | 2002 |
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Effects of antihypertensive therapy on hemorheological profiles in female hypertensive patients with initially low or high whole blood viscosity. | 2002 |
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Cutaneous drug reaction case reports: from the world literature. | 2002 |
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[Efficacy of 12-week monotherapy with arifon-retard of patients with isolated systolic hypertension]. | 2002 |
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Gender influence on the dose-ranging of a low-dose perindopril-indapamide combination in hypertension: effect on systolic and pulse pressure. | 2002 Aug |
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[Indapamide-induced pemphigus foliaceus a sulfurous affair?]. | 2002 Aug-Sep |
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Hypokalaemia and hyponatraemia due to indapamide. | 2002 Dec |
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Very-low-dose combination of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril and the diuretic indapamide induces an early and sustained increase in neovascularization in rat ischemic legs. | 2002 Dec |
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Molecular and functional characterization of ERG, KCNQ, and KCNE subtypes in rat stomach smooth muscle. | 2002 Feb |
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Efficacious response with low-dose indapamide therapy in the treatment of type II diabetic patients with normal renal function or moderate renal insufficiency and moderate hypertension. | 2002 Jan-Feb |
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[Pigmented lesions secondary to indapamide]. | 2002 Jul |
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Hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia caused by indapamide. | 2002 Jul 1 |
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Hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia due to indapamide. | 2002 Mar 4 |
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Combined therapy with indapamide and perindopril but not perindopril alone reduced the risk for recurrent stroke. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
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[PROGRESS--a trial on blood pressure lowering after stroke and TIA. ACE inhibitors and diuretics reduce the risk of new stroke]. | 2002 May 16 |
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Fixed combinations of delapril plus indapamide vs fosinopril plus hydrochlorothiazide in mild to moderate essential hypertension. | 2002 May-Jun |
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[The challenge to treat hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes]. | 2002 Oct |
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[Treatment of hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria]. | 2002 Oct |
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[Arterial hypertension in elderly individuals]. | 2002 Oct |
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[Management of hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy]. | 2002 Oct |
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Water vapor absorption into amorphous hydrophobic drug/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) dispersions. | 2002 Oct |
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Drug-induced long QT in isolated rabbit Purkinje fibers: importance of action potential duration, triangulation and early afterdepolarizations. | 2002 Oct 4 |
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[Combination of low-dose perindopril/indapamide versus atenolol in the hypertensive patient. Effects on systolic pressure and arterial hemodynamics. REASON Study]. | 2002 Sep |
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Efficacy of very low dose perindopril 2 mg/indapamide 0.625 mg combination on left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients: the P.I.C.X.E.L. study rationale and design. | 2002 Sep |
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Dose-dependent prevention of fibrosis in aorta of salt-loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by combined delapril and indapamide treatment. | 2002 Sep |
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Two derivative spectrophotometric determinations of indapamide in pharmaceutical dosage forms. | 2002 Sep 5 |
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Progress and stroke--it's time to translate evidence into action. | 2002 Sep-Oct |
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The Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study (PROGRESS): clinical implications for older patients with cerebrovascular disease. | 2003 |
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Drug-drug interactions among elderly patients hospitalized for drug toxicity. | 2003 Apr 2 |
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Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of the combination delapril plus indapamide in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension: a randomised, multicentre, controlled study. | 2003 Feb |
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Prevention of stone formation and bone loss in absorptive hypercalciuria by combined dietary and pharmacological interventions. | 2003 Feb |
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Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with echocardiography: some lessons from the LIVE study. | 2003 Jan |
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Converting enzyme inhibitor or AT1-receptor blocker for decreasing long-term mortality in patients with stroke history and renal dysfunction? | 2003 Jan |
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Blinded test in isolated female rabbit heart reliably identifies action potential duration prolongation and proarrhythmic drugs: importance of triangulation, reverse use dependence, and instability. | 2003 Jan |
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[Secondary prevention after ischemic stroke]. | 2003 Jan 29 |
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Cardiovascular protective role of a low-dose antihypertensive combination in obese Zucker rats. | 2003 Mar |
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Effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure lowering regimen on cardiac outcomes among patients with cerebrovascular disease. | 2003 Mar |
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Mechanisms of adrenergic control of sino-atrial node discharge. | 2003 Mar-Apr |
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Effect of low-dose perindopril/indapamide on albuminuria in diabetes: preterax in albuminuria regression: PREMIER. | 2003 May |
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Optimization of a solid-phase extraction method for determination of indapamide in biological fluids using high-performance liquid chromatography. | 2003 May 5 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/dosage/indapamide.html
Usual Adult Dose for Edema
Initial dose: 2.5 mg orally once a day.
Usual Adult Dose for Hypertension
Initial dose: 1.25 mg orally once a day.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11204436
10(-4) M Indapamide decreased bone resorption in organ cultures and in cocultures of osteoblast-like cells and bone marrow cells in the presence of 10(-8) M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C49185
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N0000175420
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QC03BA11
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C03BA11
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N0000175359
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LIVERTOX |
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C09BX01
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C10BX13
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QC09BX01
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INDAPAMIDE
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m6245
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D007190
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DB00808
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ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)