U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry RACEMIC
Molecular Formula C17H20N2S.C4H4O4
Molecular Weight 400.491
Optical Activity ( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 1
E/Z Centers 1
Charge 0
Stereo Comments C17H20N2S

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of PROMETHAZINE MALEATE

SMILES

OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.CC(CN1C2=C(SC3=C1C=CC=C3)C=CC=C2)N(C)C

InChI

InChIKey=JSYGKADGBBTFIQ-BTJKTKAUSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H20N2S.C4H4O4/c1-13(18(2)3)12-19-14-8-4-6-10-16(14)20-17-11-7-5-9-15(17)19;5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h4-11,13H,12H2,1-3H3;1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b;2-1-

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Promethazine is a phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Vasomotor rhinitis.Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.Amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma. Dermographism. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Sedation in both children and adults, as well as relief of apprehension and production of light sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Launch Date

2010
Primary
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Vasomotor rhinitis.Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.Amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma. Dermographism. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Sedation in both children and adults, as well as relief of apprehension and production of light sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Launch Date

2010
Primary
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Vasomotor rhinitis.Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.Amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma. Dermographism. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Sedation in both children and adults, as well as relief of apprehension and production of light sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Launch Date

2010
Preventing
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Vasomotor rhinitis.Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.Amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma. Dermographism. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Sedation in both children and adults, as well as relief of apprehension and production of light sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Launch Date

2010
Primary
PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Approved Use

Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Vasomotor rhinitis.Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods.Mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.Amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma. Dermographism. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Sedation in both children and adults, as well as relief of apprehension and production of light sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients.

Launch Date

2010
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
13.2 ng/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
10 ng/mL
12.5 mg single, intravenous
dose: 12.5 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
11.28 ng/mL
50 mg single, rectal
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
21.84 ng/mL
50 mg single, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
48.26 ng/mL
50 mg single, intramuscular
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Intramuscular
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
5.75 ng/mL
25 mg single, rectal
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
19.3 ng/mL
50 mg single, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
9.04 ng/mL
50 mg single, rectal
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
11511 ng × h/mL
25 mg single, oral
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
14466 ng × h/mL
12.5 mg single, intravenous
dose: 12.5 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
146.62 ng × h/mL
50 mg single, rectal
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
180.14 ng × h/mL
50 mg single, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
627.13 ng × h/mL
50 mg single, intramuscular
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Intramuscular
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
146 ng × h/mL
25 mg single, rectal
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
361 ng × h/mL
50 mg single, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
256 ng × h/mL
50 mg single, rectal
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
12.2 h
12.5 mg single, intravenous
dose: 12.5 mg
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
17.7 h
25 mg single, rectal
dose: 25 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
18.6 h
50 mg single, oral
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
17.2 h
50 mg single, rectal
dose: 50 mg
route of administration: Rectal
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
PROMETHAZINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Disc. AE: Sinus tachycardia, Consciousness decreased...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Sinus tachycardia
Consciousness decreased
Agitation
Confusion
Disorientation
Visual hallucinations
Delirium
Sources: Page: p.242
160 mg single, intramuscular
Highest studied dose
Dose: 160 mg
Route: intramuscular
Route: single
Dose: 160 mg
Sources: Page: p.199
healthy, 21.4±1.7
n = 6
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 21.4±1.7
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.199
120 mg single, intramuscular
Higher than recommended
Dose: 120 mg
Route: intramuscular
Route: single
Dose: 120 mg
Sources: Page: p.199
healthy, 22.7±2.31
n = 10
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 22.7±2.31
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 10
Sources: Page: p.199
80 mg 1 times / day multiple, intramuscular
Highest studied dose
Dose: 80 mg, 1 times / day
Route: intramuscular
Route: multiple
Dose: 80 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.199
healthy, 24.2±1.17
n = 10
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 24.2±1.17
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 10
Sources: Page: p.199
50 mg single, intramuscular|intravenous (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: intramuscular|intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.1
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Allergic Conditions|Nausea and Vomiting|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.1
Disc. AE: Respiratory depression, Irritation skin...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Respiratory depression (grade 5)
Irritation skin (severe)
Pain
Thrombophlebitis
Sources: Page: p.1
50 mg single, oral (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.2, 3
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis|Vasomotor rhinitis|Allergic conjunctivitis|Allergic urticaria|Dermographism|Anaphylactic reactions|Motion sickness|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.2, 3
Disc. AE: Respiratory depression...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Respiratory depression (grade 5)
Sources: Page: p.2, 3
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Agitation Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Confusion Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Consciousness decreased Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Delirium Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Disorientation Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Sinus tachycardia Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Visual hallucinations Disc. AE
1150 mg single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 1150 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 1150 mg
Co-administed with::
cyproheptadine, p.o(200 mg, single)
Sources: Page: p.242
unhealthy, 14
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 14
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.242
Pain Disc. AE
50 mg single, intramuscular|intravenous (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: intramuscular|intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.1
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Allergic Conditions|Nausea and Vomiting|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.1
Thrombophlebitis Disc. AE
50 mg single, intramuscular|intravenous (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: intramuscular|intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.1
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Allergic Conditions|Nausea and Vomiting|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.1
Respiratory depression grade 5
Disc. AE
50 mg single, intramuscular|intravenous (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: intramuscular|intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.1
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Allergic Conditions|Nausea and Vomiting|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.1
Irritation skin severe
Disc. AE
50 mg single, intramuscular|intravenous (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: intramuscular|intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.1
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Allergic Conditions|Nausea and Vomiting|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.1
Respiratory depression grade 5
Disc. AE
50 mg single, oral (max)
Recommended
Dose: 50 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 50 mg
Sources: Page: p.2, 3
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis|Vasomotor rhinitis|Allergic conjunctivitis|Allergic urticaria|Dermographism|Anaphylactic reactions|Motion sickness|Sedation
Sources: Page: p.2, 3
Overview

Overview

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer

Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes [IC50 32 uM]
yes [Inhibition 88 uM]
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

Tox targets

Tox targets

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Role of central histaminergic system in lorazepam withdrawal syndrome in rats.
2001 Apr
Angle closure risk from proprietary medicines.
2001 Apr
A new goldfish model to evaluate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of drugs used for motion sickness in different gravity loads.
2001 Aug-Nov
[Work time distribution in night shift: are clinics facing a adjustment boom?].
2001 Jul
Spectrofluorometric determination of 2- and 10-disubstituted phenothiazines.
2001 Jul-Aug
Mechanistic appraisal of the charge-transfer complexes of promethazine with chloranil: a modelling approach.
2001 Jun
Activity of phenothiazines against antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a review supporting further studies that may elucidate the potential use of thioridazine as anti-tuberculosis therapy.
2001 May
Adverse reactions related to phenergan.
2001 May-Jun
Extractive-spectrophotometric determination of some 2- and 10-disubstituted phenothiazines with dipicrylamine.
2001 May-Jun
Standard treatment: the role of antihistamines.
2001 Nov
Quantitation of promethazine and metabolites in urine samples using on-line solid-phase extraction and column-switching.
2001 Nov 5
Amphotericin B-induced seizures in a patient with AIDS.
2001 Sep
Treating dyspnea in a patient with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2001 Sep
Enantioseparation of phenothiazines in capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrins as chiral selectors.
2001 Sep 28
Comparing the safety, efficacy and recovery of intranasal midazolam vs. oral chloral hydrate and promethazine.
2001 Sep-Oct
[The activity of enzymes and free radical oxidation in acute and chronic fetal hypoxia in general anesthesia during cesarean section].
2002
[Suicidal attempts with old (currently unused) drug].
2002
Antihistamine antinociception is mediated by Gi-protein activation.
2002
Current practices in managing acutely disturbed patients at three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro-Brazil: a prevalence study.
2002
Immunoassay screening of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its confirmation by HPLC and fluorescence detection following LSD ImmunElute extraction.
2002 Apr
A randomized clinical trial comparing oral ondansetron with placebo in children with vomiting from acute gastroenteritis.
2002 Apr
Toxicity of ethacrynic acid in isolated rat hepatocytes.
2002 Apr
Inhibitory effects of H1-antihistamines on CYP2D6- and CYP2C9-mediated drug metabolic reactions in human liver microsomes.
2002 Feb
Low-molecular-weight chiral cation exchangers: novel chiral stationary phases and their application for enantioseparation of chiral bases by nonaqueous capillary electrochromatography.
2002 Feb
[A case of fluvoxamine overdose].
2002 Jan
Extractive-spectrophotometric determination of some phenothiazines with dipicrylamine and picric acid.
2002 Jan 1
Safe administration of etoposide phosphate after hypersensitivity reaction to intravenous etoposide.
2002 Jan 7
Recovery, enrichment and selectivity in liquid-phase microextraction comparison with conventional liquid-liquid extraction.
2002 Jul 19
Fibromyositis after intramuscular pentazocine abuse.
2002 Jul-Sep
Central effects of cinnarizine: restricted use in aircrew.
2002 Jun
Next generation antihistamines: therapeutic rationale, accomplishments and advances.
2002 Jun
Putative identification of functional interactions between DNA intercalating agents and topoisomerase II using the V79 in vitro micronucleus assay.
2002 Jun 19
Cesarean delivery: a randomized trial of epidural analgesia versus intravenous meperidine analgesia during labor in nulliparous women.
2002 Mar
Treatment patterns of isolated benign headache in US emergency departments.
2002 Mar
Interaction of protonated anticancer thiazines with water-insoluble phospholipids and antineoplastic agents.
2002 Mar-Apr
Anxiolytic premedication reduces preoperative anxiety and pain during oocyte retrieval. A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.
2002 May
Effect of some psychotropic drugs on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence induced by O2-, *OH, HOCl.
2002 Nov-Dec
Metabolism of zaleplon by human liver: evidence for involvement of aldehyde oxidase.
2002 Oct
Preparation, characterization and taste-masking properties of polyvinylacetal diethylaminoacetate microspheres containing trimebutine.
2002 Oct
Acute allergic reaction following contact with a spider.
2002 Oct
TREC-Rio trial: a randomised controlled trial for rapid tranquillisation for agitated patients in emergency psychiatric rooms [ISRCTN44153243].
2002 Oct 16
[Landau-Kleffner and autistic regression: the importance of differential diagnosis].
2002 Sep
A case of homicide by lethal injection with lidocaine.
2002 Sep
A comparative evaluation of oral midazolam with other sedatives as premedication in pediatric dentistry.
2002 Winter
The effects of acute doses of fexofenadine, promethazine, and placebo on cognitive and psychomotor function in healthy Japanese volunteers.
2003 Apr
Classic histamine H1 receptor antagonists: a critical review of their metabolic and pharmacokinetic fate from a bird's eye view.
2003 Apr
Inactivation of cholinesterase induced by chlorpromazine cation radicals.
2003 Feb
Interaction of carbamazepine and promethazine in rabbits.
2003 Jan
Phenothiazine radicals inactivate Trypanosoma cruzi dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: enzyme protection by radical scavengers.
2003 Mar
Hyperalgesia induced by Asp49 and Lys49 phospholipases A2 from Bothrops asper snake venom: pharmacological mediation and molecular determinants.
2003 May
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Allergy: the average oral dose is 25 mg taken before retiring; however, 12.5 mg may be taken before meals and on retiring, if necessary. Single 25 mg doses at bedtime or 6.25 to 12.5 mg taken three times daily will usually suffice. After initiation of treatment in children or adults, dosage should be adjusted to the smallest amount adequate to relieve symptoms. The administration of promethazine HCI in 25 mg doses will control minor transfusion reactions of an allergic nature. Motion Sickness: the average adult dose is 25 mg taken twice daily. The initial dose should be taken one-half to one hour before anticipated travel and be repeated 8 to 12 hours later, if necessary. On succeeding days of travel, it is recommended that 25 mg be taken on arising and again before the evening meal. For children, 12.5 to 25 mg, twice daily, may be administered. Nausea and Vomiting: antiemetics should not be used in vomiting of unknown etiology in children and adolescents. The average effective dose of Promethazine HCL Oral Solution for the active therapy of nausea and vomiting in children or adults is 25 mg. When oral medication cannot be tolerated, the dose should be given parenterally or by rectal suppository. 12.5 to 25 mg doses may be repeated, as necessary, at 4 to 6 hour intervals. For nausea and vomiting in children, the usual dose is 0.5 mg per pound of body weight, and the dose should be adjusted to the age and weight of the patient and the severity of the condition being treated. For prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting, as during surgery and the postoperative period, the average dose is 25 mg repeated at 4 to 6 hour intervals, as necessary. Sedation: this product relieves apprehension and induces a quiet sleep from which the patient can be easily aroused. Administration of 12.5 to 25 mg Promethazine HCl Oral Solution by the oral route will provide sedation in children. Adults usually require 25 to 50 mg for nighttime, presurgical, or obstetrical sedation. Pre- and Postoperative Use: promethazine HCl Oral Solution in 12.5 to 25 mg doses for children and 50 mg doses for adults the night before surgery relieves apprehension and produces a quiet sleep. For preoperative medication, children require doses of 0.5 mg per pound of body weight in combination with an appropriately reduced dose of narcotic or barbiturate and the appropriate dose of an atropine-like drug. Usual adult dosage is 50 mg Promethazine HCl Oral Solution with an appropriately reduced dose of narcotic or barbiturate and the required amount of a belladonna alkaloid. Postoperative sedation and adjunctive use with analgesics may be obtained by the administration of 12.5 to 25 mg in children and 25 to 50 mg doses in adults. Promethazine HCL Oral Solution is contraindicated for children under 2 years of age.
Route of Administration: Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Name Type Language
PROMETHAZINE MALEATE
Common Name English
ATOSIL MALEATE
Common Name English
J311.423F
Code English
(10-(2-(DIMETHYLAMMONIO)PROPYL)-10H-PHENOTHIAZINIUM) MALEATE
Systematic Name English
10H-PHENOTHIAZINE-10-ETHANAMINE, N,N,.ALPHA.-TRIMETHYL-, (2Z)-2-BUTENEDIOATE (1:1)
Systematic Name English
ROMERGAN
Brand Name English
Code System Code Type Description
CAS
27059-74-1
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
9764B60L6Y
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
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PUBCHEM
6441486
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
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EVMPD
SUB130781
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
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ECHA (EC/EINECS)
248-197-4
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
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SMS_ID
100000156759
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 10:28:49 GMT 2023
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