New Zealand White (albino) rabbits were used for activity evaluation. (S)-Seliciclib Was suspended in 4% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 at a concentration of 0.1%. Drug solution (50 mkL) was topically administered in the left eyes.

The cultured retinal ganglion cell (RGC-5) line were used for activity evaluation. Cultures were maintained at 37 C in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2. The RGC-5 cells were passaged by trypsinization every 3–4 days. The oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death assay involved seeding the cells at a density of 2 x 10^3 cells per well into 96-well plates, followed by incubation in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2 at 37 C for 24 h. The OGD stress was induced by washing the cells with glucose-free DMEM (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and then placing them in the same medium in a hypoxic incubator (94% N2, 5% CO2, and 1% O2) for 4 h. At the end of the OGD period, glucose solution and FBS were added at final concentrations of 4.5 mg/mL and 1%, respectively, and the cultures were returned to the incubator for an additional 16 h at the regular atmospheric oxygen level (reoxygenation). The roscovitine R-isomer or S-isomer ((S)-Seliciclib) was added to the culture immediately after replacement of the culture medium. At the end of this culture period, the cell viability was measured.