ZONIPORIDE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C17H16N6O
Molecular Weight	320.3485
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

NC(=N)NC(=O)C1=C(C2CC2)N(N=C1)C3=C4C=CC=NC4=CC=C3

InChI

InChIKey=GDXBRVCQGGKXJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C17H16N6O/c18-17(19)22-16(24)12-9-21-23(15(12)10-6-7-10)14-5-1-4-13-11(14)3-2-8-20-13/h1-5,8-10H,6-7H2,(H4,18,19,22,24)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595915
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11259552 http://www.abcam.com/zoniporide-hydrochloride-ab142012.html

Zoniporide hydrochloride is a novel, potent and selective NHE-1 inhibitor (IC50 = 14 nM). Reduces infarct size in the isolated heart (EC50 = 0.25 nM). Attenuates post-ischemic cardiac contractile dysfunction and ischemia-reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation in vivo. Zoniporide hydrochloride represents a novel class of potent and selective human NHE-1 inhibitors with potential utility for providing cardioprotection in a clinical setting.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 2 9 Target ID: CHEMBL3133 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595915	Inhibitor 8297		12000.0 nM [IC50]
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 12 Target ID: CHEMBL2781 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595915 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12223226	Inhibitor 8297		14.0 nM [IC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Cardiovascular diseases 71 Sources: http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800018057 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12595915 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11259552	Primary		Phase II 1132	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
0.07 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11277524	1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ZONIPORIDE plasma	Rattus norvegicus population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
0.5 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11277524	1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ZONIPORIDE plasma	Rattus norvegicus population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
46% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11277524	1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ZONIPORIDE plasma	Rattus norvegicus population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	Disc. AE: Hepatic failure, Bilirubin elevated... Other AEs: Headache, Atrial fibrillation... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hepatic failure (0.8%) Bilirubin elevated Vomiting (25.6%) Other AEs: Headache (6.4%) Atrial fibrillation (6.4%) Tachycardia (10.9%) Jaundice (2.3%) Nausea (41.7%) Elevated liver enzyme levels Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Elevated liver enzyme levels		12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Hepatic failure	0.8% Disc. AE	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Tachycardia	10.9%	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Jaundice	2.3%	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Vomiting	25.6% Disc. AE	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Nausea	41.7%	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Atrial fibrillation	6.4%	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Headache	6.4%	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573
Bilirubin elevated	Disc. AE	12 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 12 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573	unhealthy, ADULT n = 266 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: peripheral vascular disease Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Population Size: 266 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202888 Page: p.573

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
inhibitor 1587	inhibitor 1767	inhibitor 1852

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
	P-gp 1537 AO 16

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1645842#sid=363680395	no
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1645840#sid=363680395	no
CYP3A4 1925	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1645841#sid=363680395	no

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
P-gp 1537	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1346987#sid=363680395	no
AO 16	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23046389/	yes [Km 3.4 uM]

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
An overview of inhibitors of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger.	2003 Jun	12832126
Efficacy of zoniporide, an Na/H exchange ion inhibitor, for reducing perioperative cardiovascular events in vascular surgery patients.	2005 Oct	16202888
Initial rate analysis of zoniporide hydrolysis degradants using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection.	2007	17613888
Does the use of a volatile anesthetic regimen attenuate the incidence of cardiac events after vascular surgery?	2008	18468013
Neurotoxic effects of zoniporide: a selective inhibitor of the NA+/H+ exchanger isoform 1.	2008 Jun	18467682
Paradoxical resistance to myocardial ischemia and age-related cardiomyopathy in NHE1 transgenic mice: a role for ER stress?	2009 Feb	19027022
Effects of KR-33028, a novel Na+/H+ exchanger-1 inhibitor, on glutamate-induced neuronal cell death and ischemia-induced cerebral infarct.	2009 Jan 12	19022230
Critical role of the STAT3 pathway in the cardioprotective efficacy of zoniporide in a model of myocardial preservation - the rat isolated working heart.	2011 Feb	20942815