Details
| Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
| Molecular Formula | C17H25NO3.ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 327.846 |
| Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2(O)CCCC2
InChI
InChIKey=RHKZVMUBMXGOLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H25NO3.ClH/c1-18(2)12-13-21-16(19)15(14-8-4-3-5-9-14)17(20)10-6-7-11-17;/h3-5,8-9,15,20H,6-7,10-13H2,1-2H3;1H
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68003519
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68003519
Cyclopentolate (cyclopentolate hydrochloride) is a parasympatholytic anticholinergic used solely to obtain mydriasis or cycloplegia. This anticholinergic preparation blocks the responses of the sphincter muscle of the iris and the accommodative muscle of the ciliary body to cholinergic stimulation, producing pupillary dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia). It acts rapidly, but has a shorter duration than atropine. Maximal cycloplegia occurs within 25 to 75 minutes after instillation. Complete recovery of accommodation usually takes 6 to 24 hours. Complete recovery from mydriasis in some individuals may require several days. Heavily pigmented irides may require more doses than lightly pigmented irides.
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2094109 |
10.0 nM [IC50] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnostic | PENTOLAIR Approved UseCyclopentolate Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution is used to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostic procedures. Launch Date1994 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
324 ng × min/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
112 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8512760 |
2 drop single, ocular dose: 2 drop route of administration: Ocular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: Page: e704 |
unknown, 90 days n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Age Group: 90 days Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: e704 |
Other AEs: Vomiting, Cyanosis... Other AEs: Vomiting Sources: Page: e704Cyanosis Respiratory distress |
2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
Other AEs: Ataxia, Disorder speech... Other AEs: Ataxia Sources: Disorder speech Restlessness Hallucinations Hyperactivity Seizures Confusion and disorientation Other specified visual disturbances |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyanosis | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: Page: e704 |
unknown, 90 days n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Age Group: 90 days Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: e704 |
|
| Respiratory distress | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: Page: e704 |
unknown, 90 days n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Age Group: 90 days Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: e704 |
|
| Vomiting | 1 % 1 times / 5 min multiple, topical Overdose Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 1 %, 1 times / 5 min Sources: Page: e704 |
unknown, 90 days n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Age Group: 90 days Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: e704 |
|
| Ataxia | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Confusion and disorientation | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Disorder speech | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Hallucinations | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Hyperactivity | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Other specified visual disturbances | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Restlessness | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
|
| Seizures | 2 % single, topical Recommended Dose: 2 % Route: topical Route: single Dose: 2 % Sources: |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: mydriasis induction Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of surgical performance with intracameral mydriatics in phacoemulsification surgery. | 2004 Apr |
|
| Parameters of drug antagonism: re-examination of two modes of functional competitive drug antagonism on intraocular muscles. | 2004 Aug |
|
| Indocyanine green angiography in ocular tuberculosis. | 2004 Dec |
|
| Angioedema related to the use of hyaluronidase in cataract surgery. | 2004 Jul |
|
| Cycloplegic and mydriatic agents for routine ophthalmologic examination: a survey of pediatric ophthalmologists. | 2004 Jun |
|
| The effect of off-the-visual-axis retinoscopy on objective refractive measurement. | 2004 Jun |
|
| Comparison of the handheld Retinomax K-Plus2 and on-table autokeratometers in children with and without cycloplegia. | 2004 Mar |
|
| Grand mal seizure in a child 30 minutes after Cyclogyl (cyclopentolate hydrochloride) and 10% Neo-Synephrine (phenylephrine hydrochloride) eye drops were instilled. | 2004 May |
|
| Refractive astigmatism and the toricity of ocular components in human infants. | 2004 Oct |
|
| Comparative study on the safety and efficacy of different cycloplegic agents in children with darkly pigmented irides. | 2004 Oct |
|
| The effects of cyclopentolate on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. | 2004 Sep-Oct |
|
| Comparison of tropicamide and cyclopentolate for cycloplegic refractions in myopic adult refractive surgery patients. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Effect of (+) or (-) camphorsulfonic acid additives to the mobile phase on enantioseparations of some basic drugs on a Chiralcel OD column. | 2005 Aug 12 |
|
| Optical biometry of the anterior eye segment: interexaminer and intraexaminer reliability of ACMaster. | 2005 Dec |
|
| Cholinergic innervation of the mouse isolated vas deferens. | 2005 Dec |
|
| Quantitative determination of pharmaceuticals using nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry after reversed phase mini-solid phase extraction. | 2005 Feb 23 |
|
| Potentially accommodating intraocular lenses--an in vitro and in vivo study using three-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound. | 2005 Jan-Feb |
|
| Drug-induced intraocular lens movement and near visual acuity after AcrySof intraocular lens implantation. | 2005 Jul |
|
| Accuracy of a new photo-refractometer in young and adult patients. | 2005 Jul |
|
| Lack of efficacy of dilated screening for retinoblastoma. | 2005 Jul-Aug |
|
| Stimulus-driven versus pilocarpine-induced biometric changes in pseudophakic eyes. | 2005 Mar |
|
| Feasibility of ambulatory overnight oximetry in consecutive patients in a dementia clinic. | 2005 Mar |
|
| Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the rat eye: effects of cholinergic and anticholinergic agents. | 2005 May |
|
| Comparison of mydriatic regimens used in screening for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with dark irides. | 2005 May-Jun |
|
| Axial growth and changes in lenticular and corneal power during emmetropization in infants. | 2005 Sep |
|
| Macular star associated with Behçet disease. | 2006 Apr |
|
| Cataract surgery by appointment--a pilot study. | 2006 Apr 20 |
|
| Pseudophakic accommodation and pseudoaccommodation under physiological conditions measured with partial coherence interferometry. | 2006 Aug |
|
| Cataractous changes due to posterior chamber flattening with a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens secondary to the administration of pilocarpine. | 2006 Aug |
|
| Changes in astigmatism in children with congenital nystagmus. | 2006 Aug |
|
| Pseudophakic accommodation with 2 models of foldable intraocular lenses. | 2006 Feb |
|
| Pharmacological-induced haptic changes and the accommodative performance in patients with the AT-45 accommodative IOL. | 2006 Feb |
|
| Redilatation with intracameral mydriatics in phacoemulsification surgery. | 2006 Feb |
|
| Analysis of patients with good uncorrected distance and near vision after monofocal intraocular lens implantation. | 2006 Jul |
|
| Correctable and non-correctable visual impairment in a population-based sample of 12-year-old Australian children. | 2006 Jul |
|
| A comparison of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in primary school children. | 2006 Jul |
|
| Toxic keratolysis from combined use of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs and topical steroids following vitreoretinal surgery. | 2006 Jul-Aug |
|
| Effects of mydriatics on intraocular pressure and pupil size in the normal feline eye. | 2006 Jul-Aug |
|
| Accommodative spasm after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). | 2006 Jun |
|
| Safety of intracameral mydriasis in phacoemulsification cataract surgery. | 2006 Mar |
|
| Defining myopia using refractive error and uncorrected logMAR visual acuity >0.3 from 1334 Singapore school children ages 7-9 years. | 2006 Mar |
|
| Pseudallescheria boydii keratitis. | 2006 Mar-Apr |
|
| The effect of phenylephrine and cyclopentolate on objective wavefront measurements. | 2006 May |
|
| A preoperative mixture of anesthetic jelly, dilating drops, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatories for cataract surgery. | 2006 May-Jun |
|
| [Neurotoxic effects induced by the topical administration of cycloplegics. A case report and review of the literature]. | 2006 Nov 16-30 |
|
| [Comparative study of cyclopentolate drops versus spray in cycloplegia in children]. | 2006 Oct |
|
| Cataract surgery management in patients taking tamsulosin staged approach. | 2006 Oct |
|
| Controls required to assess IOL movement during accommodation. | 2006 Oct |
|
| Part-time occlusion therapy for anisometropic amblyopia detected in children eight years of age and older. | 2006 Sep |
|
| Performance of the crystalens. | 2006 Sep |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Instill one or two drops of 1% solution in the eye which may be repeated in five to ten minutes if necessary. Complete recovery usually occurs in 24 hours. Complete recovery from mydriasis in some individuals may require several days.
Route of Administration:
Other
Cultured human corneal epithelial cells showed high-affinity, specific binding to the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate (3H-QNB). The binding sites had a dissociation constant of 3.9 nM and a maximal binding capacity of 880 fmol bound/mg protein. Other muscarinic antagonists (cyclopentolate and atropine) effectively competed for binding with 3H-QNB at low concentrations (IC50 = 10 nM).
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| Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29706
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29704
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| Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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CHEMBL1201338
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m4011
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5870-29-1
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DBSALT000476
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C28948
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227-521-8
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4025
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756706
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1156000
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22162
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100000092411
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106029
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PRIMARY | RxNorm |
ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD
