Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C21H28N2O5 |
| Molecular Weight | 388.4574 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 5 / 5 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CCC[C@]1([H])N([C@@H](C2)C(O)=O)C(=O)[C@H](C)N[C@@H](CCC3=CC=CC=C3)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=KEDYTOTWMPBSLG-HILJTLORSA-N
InChI=1S/C21H28N2O5/c1-13(22-16(20(25)26)11-10-14-6-3-2-4-7-14)19(24)23-17-9-5-8-15(17)12-18(23)21(27)28/h2-4,6-7,13,15-18,22H,5,8-12H2,1H3,(H,25,26)(H,27,28)/t13-,15-,16-,17-,18-/m0/s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16398929
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16398929
Ramipril (sold under the brand name Altace ) is a prodrug belonging to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It is metabolized to ramiprilat in the liver and, to a lesser extent, kidneys. Ramiprilat is a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Ramipril is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure; also used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes; in addition, this drug is used to reduce the rate of death, myocardial infarction and stroke in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL1808 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | ALTACE Approved UseReduction in Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death from Cardiovascular Causes Ramipril capsules are indicated in patients 55 years or older at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event because of a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes that is accompanied by at least one other cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, elevated total cholesterol levels, low HDL levels, cigarette smoking, or documented microalbuminuria), to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. Ramipril capsules can be used in addition to other needed treatment (such as antihypertensive, antiplatelet or lipid-lowering therapy). Hypertension Ramipril capsules are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics. In using ramipril capsules, consideration should be given to the fact that another angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has caused agranulocytosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or collagen-vascular disease. Available data are insufficient to show that ramipril capsules do not have a similar risk. (See WARNINGS.) In considering use of ramipril capsules, it should be noted that in controlled trials ACE inhibitors have an effect on blood pressure that is less in black patients than in non-blacks. In addition, ACE inhibitors (for which adequate data are available) cause a higher rate of angioedema in black than in non-black patients. (See WARNINGS, Angioedema.) Launch Date1991 |
|||
| Preventing | ALTACE Approved UseReduction in Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death from Cardiovascular Causes Ramipril capsules are indicated in patients 55 years or older at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event because of a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes that is accompanied by at least one other cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, elevated total cholesterol levels, low HDL levels, cigarette smoking, or documented microalbuminuria), to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. Ramipril capsules can be used in addition to other needed treatment (such as antihypertensive, antiplatelet or lipid-lowering therapy). Hypertension Ramipril capsules are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics. In using ramipril capsules, consideration should be given to the fact that another angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has caused agranulocytosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or collagen-vascular disease. Available data are insufficient to show that ramipril capsules do not have a similar risk. (See WARNINGS.) In considering use of ramipril capsules, it should be noted that in controlled trials ACE inhibitors have an effect on blood pressure that is less in black patients than in non-blacks. In addition, ACE inhibitors (for which adequate data are available) cause a higher rate of angioedema in black than in non-black patients. (See WARNINGS, Angioedema.) Launch Date1991 |
|||
| Primary | ALTACE Approved UseReduction in Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death from Cardiovascular Causes Ramipril capsules are indicated in patients 55 years or older at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event because of a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes that is accompanied by at least one other cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, elevated total cholesterol levels, low HDL levels, cigarette smoking, or documented microalbuminuria), to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. Ramipril capsules can be used in addition to other needed treatment (such as antihypertensive, antiplatelet or lipid-lowering therapy). Hypertension Ramipril capsules are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics. In using ramipril capsules, consideration should be given to the fact that another angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has caused agranulocytosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment or collagen-vascular disease. Available data are insufficient to show that ramipril capsules do not have a similar risk. (See WARNINGS.) In considering use of ramipril capsules, it should be noted that in controlled trials ACE inhibitors have an effect on blood pressure that is less in black patients than in non-blacks. In addition, ACE inhibitors (for which adequate data are available) cause a higher rate of angioedema in black than in non-black patients. (See WARNINGS, Angioedema.) Launch Date1991 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
43.8 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2533075 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
RAMIPRIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
24 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6097458 |
10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
RAMIPRILAT unknown | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
197 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2533075 |
5 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
RAMIPRIL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
414 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6097458 |
10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
RAMIPRILAT unknown | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
Other AEs: Headache, Cough... Other AEs: Headache (13%) Sources: Cough (33%) Dizziness (13%) Asthenia (19%) Cramps (4%) Diarrhea (4%) Nausea (8%) Palpitations (1%) Dyspnea (1%) Tinnitus (1%) Malaise (3%) Pruritus (1%) Dry mouth (1%) Polyuria (3%) |
20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
Other AEs: Dizziness, Vertigo... Other AEs: Dizziness (6%) Sources: Vertigo (6%) Asthenia (4%) Nausea (3%) Headache (2%) Abdominal pain (1%) Gastrointestinal disorder (1%) Rash (1%) Cough increased (1%) |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dry mouth | 1% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Dyspnea | 1% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Palpitations | 1% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Pruritus | 1% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Tinnitus | 1% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Dizziness | 13% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Headache | 13% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Asthenia | 19% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Malaise | 3% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Polyuria | 3% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Cough | 33% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Cramps | 4% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Diarrhea | 4% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Nausea | 8% | 10 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 10 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18-75 n = 661 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Hypertension Age Group: 18-75 Sex: M+F Population Size: 661 Sources: |
| Abdominal pain | 1% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Cough increased | 1% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Gastrointestinal disorder | 1% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Rash | 1% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Headache | 2% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Nausea | 3% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Asthenia | 4% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Dizziness | 6% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
| Vertigo | 6% | 20 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 20 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: hydrochlorothiazide(25 mg; 1/day) Sources: |
unhealthy, 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) n = 555 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Essential hypertension Age Group: 55.7 years (range: 21-88 years) Sex: M+F Population Size: 555 Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Haemodynamic mechanisms of corticotropin (ACTH)-induced hypertension in the rat. | 1999 Dec |
|
| Increased apoptosis in the heart of genetic hypertension, associated with increased fibroblasts. | 2000 Feb |
|
| Mechanical vs intrinsic components in the improvement of brachial arterial compliance. Comparison of the effects of atenolol versus ramipril in hypertensive patients. | 2001 |
|
| [Activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its impact on the effectiveness of treatment of chronic heart failure in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. | 2001 |
|
| An ACE inhibitor to coronary patients: ramipril reduces mortality according to HOPE trial. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Ask the doctor. Recently, I read that the ACE inhibitor ramipril is very good at preventing heart problems, particularly in people with diabetes. I'm diabetic, and for years I have been on a different ACE inhibitor (lisinopril). Should I be taking ramipril instead? | 2001 Apr |
|
| Comparison of a vasopeptidase inhibitor with neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on bradykinin metabolism in the rat coronary bed. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Summaries for patients. Trial of a drug to decrease the risk for heart disease in patients with mild kidney failure. | 2001 Apr 17 |
|
| HOPE for patients with Type 2 diabetes: an application of the findings of the MICRO-HOPE substudy in a British hospital diabetes clinic. | 2001 Aug |
|
| Cardioprotective effects of ramipril and losartan in right ventricular pressure overload in the rabbit: importance of kinins and influence on angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling pathway. | 2001 Aug 21 |
|
| [Diabetic nephropathy. Smoking also damages the kidney]. | 2001 Aug 23 |
|
| Changes in vasoconstrictive hormones, natriuretic peptides, and left ventricular remodeling soon after anterior myocardial infarction. | 2001 Dec |
|
| Ramipril and aminoguanidine restore renal lysosomal processing in streptozotocin diabetic rats. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Regional wall stress predicts ventricular remodeling after anteroseptal myocardial infarction in the Healing and Early Afterload Reducing Trial (HEART): an echocardiography-based structural analysis. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Diabetes and the HOPE study: implications for macrovascular and microvascular disease. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Future perspectives and implications. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Pharmacoeconomic impact of HOPE. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Modifying the natural history of atherosclerosis: the SECURE trial. | 2001 Jan |
|
| ACE inhibitor and AT1 antagonist blockade of deformation-induced gene expression in the rabbit jugular vein through B2 receptor activation. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Voltammetric determination of benazepril and ramipril in dosage forms and biological fluids through nitrosation. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
| Potentiation of kinin analogues by ramiprilat is exclusively related to their degradation. | 2001 Jul |
|
| [Decreased platelet aggregation during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. Results of a pilot study]. | 2001 Jun 15 |
|
| Effect of ramipril vs amlodipine on renal outcomes in hypertensive nephrosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. | 2001 Jun 6 |
|
| Aminoguanidine and ramipril prevent diabetes-induced increases in protein kinase C activity in glomeruli, retina and mesenteric artery. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Low-dose ramipril treatment improves relaxation and calcium cycling after established cardiac hypertrophy. | 2001 Mar |
|
| [Atherosclerosis. High dosage ACE inhibitor keeps event rate under control]. | 2001 Mar 29 |
|
| Why were the results of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) trial so astounding? | 2001 May |
|
| Reduction of ACE activity is insufficient to decrease microalbuminuria in normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes. | 2001 May |
|
| Diminished cardioprotective response to inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in B(2) kinin receptor gene knockout mice. | 2001 May 25 |
|
| [Severe hypoglycemia secondary to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors in the absence of diabetes mellitus. Report of a case]. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| Significance of exaggerated natriuresis after angiotensin AT1 receptor blockade or angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibition in obese Zucker rats. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| [Atherosclerosis. High ACE activity in plaque: risk of rupture!]. | 2001 Oct 25 |
|
| What is the best treatment for slowing the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in African Americans with hypertensive nephropathy? | 2001 Sep |
|
| What is the relevance of the HOPE study in general practice? | 2001 Sep |
|
| Enantioseparation of the anticoagulant drug phenprocoumon in capillary electrophoresis with UV and laser-induced fluorescence detection and application of the method to urine samples. | 2001 Sep |
|
| Can ACE inhibitor therapy prevent end-stage renal failure? | 2001 Sep 3 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Hypertension: The recommended initial dose for patients not receiving a diuretic is 2.5 mg once a day. Adjust dose according to blood pressure response. The usual maintenance dosage range is 2.5 mg to 20 mg per day administered as a single dose or in two.
Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death from Cardiovascular Causes: Initiate dosing at 2.5 mg once daily for 1 week, 5 mg once daily for the next 3 weeks, and then increase as tolerated, to a maintenance dose of 10 mg once daily.
equally divided doses. In some patients treated once daily, the antihypertensive effect may diminish toward the end of the dosing interval.
Heart Failure Post-Myocardial Infarction: the recommended starting dose is 2.5 mg twice daily (5 mg per day). A patient who becomes hypotensive at this dose may be switched to 1.25 mg twice daily. After one week at the starting dose, increase dose (if tolerated) toward a target dose of 5 mg twice daily, with dosage increases being about 3 weeks apart.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: The effect of ramipril on DNA synthesis, cell proliferation and PDGF A and B chain gene expression in fetal calf serum (FCS)-activated cultured human glomerular mesangial cells was investigated. Ramipril significantly reduced FCS-induced PDGF A and B chain gene expression, completely abolished the PDGF A and B chain gene expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a specific protein kinase C activator, suggesting a site of action downstream of this enzyme in the mitogenic signal transduction pathway.
Unknown
| Name | Type | Language | ||
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Official Name | English | ||
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Common Name | English | ||
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Common Name | English | ||
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Common Name | English |
| Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NDF-RT |
N0000175562
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EU-Orphan Drug |
EU/3/13/1117
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C247
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5464096
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6344
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DB14208
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5713
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C052549
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6N5U4QFC3G
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87269-97-4
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1546377
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CHEMBL1201365
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SUB10249MIG
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C72911
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6N5U4QFC3G
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77363
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DTXSID401016165
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100000080313
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ACTIVE MOIETY
PRODRUG (METABOLITE ACTIVE)
