Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C11H6ClN3O6.2C4H11NO3 |
Molecular Weight | 553.905 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
NC(CO)(CO)CO.NC(CO)(CO)CO.OC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC(=CC(NC(=O)C(O)=O)=C1Cl)C#N
InChI
InChIKey=JJOFNSLZHKIJEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C11H6ClN3O6.2C4H11NO3/c12-7-5(14-8(16)10(18)19)1-4(3-13)2-6(7)15-9(17)11(20)21;2*5-4(1-6,2-7)3-8/h1-2H,(H,14,16)(H,15,17)(H,18,19)(H,20,21);2*6-8H,1-3,5H2
DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB06794
http://www.rxlist.com/alomide-drug.htm
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB06794
http://www.rxlist.com/alomide-drug.htm
Lodoxamide is a mast-cell stabilizer for topical administration into the eye. This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. Lodoxamide inhibits the in vivo Type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction. In vitro, Lodoxamide stabilizes mast cells and prevents antigen-stimulated release of histamine. In addition, Lodoxamide prevents the release of other mast cell inflammatory mediators and inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis. Although Lodoxamide's precise mechanism of action is unknown, the drug has been reported to prevent calcium influx into mast cells upon antigen stimulation. Among side effects to Lodoxamide, the most frequently reported ocular adverse experiences were transient burning, stinging, or discomfort upon instillation. Nonocular events reported were headache and heat sensation, dizziness, somnolence, nausea, stomach discomfort, sneezing, dry nose, and rash.
Originator
Sources: http://www.google.com.na/patents/DE2362409A1?cl=en
Curator's Comment: Additional resources: http://www.google.ch/patents/US3993679 http://www.drugfuture.com/chemdata/lodoxamide.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/102796 https://books.google.ru/books?id=0vXTBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA737&lpg=PA737&dq=N,N%E2%80%99-++%282-chloro-5-cyano-m-phenylene%29dioxamic++acid&source=bl&ots=6ITmv3Yzuw&sig=F7WQDCB_NG3dR476ZXvS5xZqkg4&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwipi6e05NnLAhVnYpoKHQOHDSkQ6AEIKzAC#v=onepage&q=N%2CN%E2%80%99-%20%20%282-chloro-5-cyano-m-phenylene%29dioxamic%20%20acid&f=false
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: GO:0097279 |
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Target ID: GO:0048245 Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9652307 |
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Target ID: GO:0016068 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Curative | ALOMIDE Approved UseALOMIDE® (lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is indicated in the treatment of the ocular disorders referred to by the terms vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis. Launch Date7.4874238E11 |
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Curative | ALOMIDE Approved UseALOMIDE® (lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is indicated in the treatment of the ocular disorders referred to by the terms vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis. Launch Date7.4874238E11 |
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Curative | ALOMIDE Approved UseALOMIDE® (lodoxamide tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is indicated in the treatment of the ocular disorders referred to by the terms vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis. Launch Date7.4874238E11 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Lodoxamide in vernal keratoconjunctivitis. | 1996 May |
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Lodoxamide as adjuvant therapy in patients with dry eye. | 2001 |
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[Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of lodoxamide in patients with allergic eye diseases]. | 2002 |
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[In vitro effects of antiallergic eyedrops on complement activation induced by particulate matter]. | 2003 Apr |
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Effects of ketotifen 0.025% and lodoxamide 0.1% on eosinophil infiltration into the guinea pig conjunctiva in a model of allergic conjunctivitis. | 2003 Apr |
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Comparison of antiallergic drugs in an experimental model of ocular anaphylaxis. | 2003 Mar-Apr |
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Tear and serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. | 2003 Oct |
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Topical treatments for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and effectiveness. | 2004 Jun |
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Efficacy and tolerability of newer antihistamines in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. | 2005 |
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Cardiac mast cell-derived renin promotes local angiotensin formation, norepinephrine release, and arrhythmias in ischemia/reperfusion. | 2006 Apr |
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A clinicopathological analysis of the efficacy of lodoxamide 0.1% eye drops on the conjunctiva of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis seen at Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital. | 2006 Mar |
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Secondary bacterial keratitis associated with shield ulcer caused by vernal conjunctivitis. | 2006 Sep |
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Immediate hypersensitivity elicits renin release from cardiac mast cells. | 2008 |
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Cromoglycate drugs suppress eicosanoid generation in U937 cells by promoting the release of Anx-A1. | 2009 Jun 15 |
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Updates in the treatment of ocular allergies. | 2010 Nov 24 |
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Safety and efficacy of lodoxamide in vernal keratoconjunctivitis. | 2011 Mar |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: The dose for adults and children greater than two years of age is one to two drops in each affected eye four times daily for up to 3 months.
1-2 drops in each affected eye four times daily
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9652307
Lodoxamide exerts dose-dependent inhibitory effects on human eosinophil chemotactic response to fMLP, reaching more than 60% inhibition at 100 ng/ml and 80% inhibition for 10 ug/ml lodoxamide.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29714
Created by
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
59791
Created by
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Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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11192129
Created by
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DB06794
Created by
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SUB02964MIG
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63610-09-3
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50LV9A548L
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m6883
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28859
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DTXSID20979825
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100000092604
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CHEMBL1201266
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C022028
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50LV9A548L
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C29160
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ACTIVE MOIETY
PARENT (SALT/SOLVATE)
SUBSTANCE RECORD