Details
| Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
| Molecular Formula | C14H19NO2.ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 269.767 |
| Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.COC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H]1CCCCN1)C2=CC=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=JUMYIBMBTDDLNG-OJERSXHUSA-N
InChI=1S/C14H19NO2.ClH/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12;/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3;1H/t12-,13-;/m1./s1
Methylphenidate is a CNS stimulant approved for the treatment of narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The drug is believed to bind the dopamine transporter in the presynaptic cell membrane, thereby blocking the reuptake of dopamine and causing an increase in extracellular dopamine levels.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: Q01959 Gene ID: 6531.0 Gene Symbol: SLC6A3 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | RITALIN Approved UseRitalin is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Disorders and Narcolepsy. Launch Date1955 |
|||
| Primary | RITALIN Approved UseRitalin is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Disorders and Narcolepsy. Launch Date1955 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
3.7 ng/mL |
18 mg single, oral dose: 18 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
41.8 ng × h/mL |
18 mg single, oral dose: 18 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
3.5 h |
18 mg single, oral dose: 18 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
90% |
unknown, unknown |
METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Overview
| CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
|---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
| Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no |
Drug as victim
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no |
Tox targets
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Letter: Methylphenidate reaction. | 1975 Jun |
|
| Atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia associated with stimulant treatment. | 1999 |
|
| Cocaine-associated stroke: three cases and rehabilitation considerations. | 2000 Apr |
|
| Cerebral arteritis following methylphenidate use. | 2000 Apr |
|
| Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of an oral once-a-day osmotic controlled-release OROS (methylphenidate HCl) formulation. | 2000 Apr |
|
| A pilot study of methylphenidate, clonidine, or the combination in ADHD comorbid with aggressive oppositional defiant or conduct disorder. | 2000 Jan |
|
| Estrogen protects against the synergistic toxicity by HIV proteins, methamphetamine and cocaine. | 2001 |
|
| Synthesis and pharmacology of site specific cocaine abuse treatment agents: a new synthetic methodology for methylphenidate analogs based on the Blaise reaction. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Toward individualized evidence-based medicine: five "N of 1" trials of methylphenidate in geriatric patients. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Present and future pharmacotherapeutic options for adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Understanding Rx options for the youngest patients. | 2001 Aug |
|
| Findings from the NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA): implications and applications for primary care providers. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Methylphenidate dosage for children with ADHD over time under controlled conditions: lessons from the MTA. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Impairment and deportment responses to different methylphenidate doses in children with ADHD: the MTA titration trial. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Ritalin: mom's little helper. A disorder long linked to sons migrates up the family tree. | 2001 Feb 12 |
|
| A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of psychostimulants for the treatment of fatigue in ambulatory patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease. | 2001 Feb 12 |
|
| Methamphetamine-induced rapid and reversible changes in dopamine transporter function: an in vitro model. | 2001 Feb 15 |
|
| Update on investigation of Ritalin conspiracy. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Therapeutic doses of oral methylphenidate significantly increase extracellular dopamine in the human brain. | 2001 Jan 15 |
|
| Questioning the treatment for ADHD. | 2001 Jan 26 |
|
| [Methylphenidate therapy in 141 patients with hyperkinetic disorder or with pervasive developmental disorder and hyperkinesia]. | 2001 Jul |
|
| A comparison of the visual symptoms between ADD/ADHD and normal children. | 2001 Jul |
|
| Advances in paediatric neuropsychopharmacology: an overview. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Adult ADHD. Controlled medication assessment. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Effect of repeated methylphenidate administration on presynaptic dopamine and behaviour in young adult rats. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Comparison in symptoms between aged and younger patients with narcolepsy. | 2001 Jun |
|
| The development of selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders: Is there a causal link? | 2001 Jun |
|
| Effects of TENS and methylphenidate in tuberculous meningo-encephalitis. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Explosive outbursts associated with methylphenidate. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Assessing the abuse potential of methylphenidate in nonhuman and human subjects: a review. | 2001 Mar |
|
| A strategy for removing the bias in the graphical analysis method. | 2001 Mar |
|
| ADHD treatment in the 21st century: pushing the envelope. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Comprehensive versus matched psychosocial treatment in the MTA study: conceptual and empirical issues. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Addition of a 5-HT receptor agonist to methylphenidate potentiates the reduction of [123I]FP-CIT binding to dopamine transporters in rat frontal cortex and hippocampus. | 2001 Mar 1 |
|
| alpha(2C)-Adrenoceptors modulate the effect of methylphenidate on response rate and discrimination accuracy in an operant test. | 2001 Mar 15 |
|
| [Prescription of central nervous system stimulants]. | 2001 Mar 20 |
|
| Evidence and belief in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Reintroduction of methylphenidate in Italy needs careful monitoring. | 2001 Mar 3 |
|
| Psychostimulants in preschool children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: clinical evidence from a developmental disorders institution. | 2001 May |
|
| Methylphenidate sensitization is modulated by valproate. | 2001 May 25 |
|
| [Is Ritalin prescribed insufficiently to hyperactive children in Nordland?]. | 2001 May 30 |
|
| Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| Emergence of tics in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder treated with stimulant medications. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| Methylphenidate improves HIV-1-associated cognitive slowing. | 2001 Spring |
Sample Use Guides
Administer in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, preferably 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Average dosage is 20 to 30 mg daily. Some patients may require 40 to 60 mg daily. In children the starting dose is 5 mg twice daily (before breakfast and lunch) with gradual increments of 5 to 10 mg weekly.
Route of Administration:
Oral
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| Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C47795
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SUB03254MIG
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4B3SC438HI
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206-065-3
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DBSALT000117
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298-59-9
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203188
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C646
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169868
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CHEMBL796
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31836
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DTXSID8020886
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100000090133
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23655-65-4
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1433008
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4B3SC438HI
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m7453
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PRIMARY | Merck Index |
ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD
