Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | Pt |
Molecular Weight | 195.084 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Pt]
InChI
InChIKey=BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/Pt
For a long time, platinum has been used in the design and manufacture of a range of medical implants and in clinically used platinum drugs with a central platinum(II) atom. After losing the respective leaving group and subsequent substitution with water, the positively charged molecules are nucleophilically targeted by the free electrons of the N7 atom of purines to form intrastrand and interstrand adducts. The established mechanisms of action of platinum drugs comprise platination of genomic and mitochondrial DNA. This leads to a hindrance of DNA-based functions (e.g., transcription, replication, etc.). Such cellular dysfunction eventually causes apoptosis, especially when DNA lesions cannot be repaired. Platinum-based anticancer drugs play a central role in cancer therapy. However, their applicability and efficacy are limited by drug resistance and adverse effects. Nanocarrier-based platinum drug delivery systems are promising alternatives to circumvent the disadvantages of bare platinum drugs.
Approval Year
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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IgE antibody responses to platinum group metals: a large scale refinery survey. | 1986 Jan |
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[Mental disorders during chemotherapy of malignant testicular neoplasms]. | 1989 |
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Toxicity of [PtCl2(NH3)L] in hypoxia; L = misonidazole or metronidazole. | 1990 Feb |
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Characterization of processing requirements and metal cross-reactivities in T cell clones from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel. | 1995 Dec |
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Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and chemosensitivity to platinum and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer: biological data and clinical implications. | 2002 |
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Increase in expression of the copper transporter ATP7A during platinum drug-based treatment is associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients. | 2003 Dec 1 |
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A phase I trial of olanzapine (Zyprexa) for the prevention of delayed emesis in cancer patients: a Hoosier Oncology Group study. | 2004 |
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Ototoxicity in children receiving platinum chemotherapy: underestimating a commonly occurring toxicity that may influence academic and social development. | 2005 Dec 1 |
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Protection of platinum-DNA adduct formation and reversal of cisplatin resistance by anti-MRP2 hammerhead ribozymes in human cancer cells. | 2005 Jun 20 |
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High gene expression of TS1, GSTP1, and ERCC1 are risk factors for survival in patients treated with trimodality therapy for esophageal cancer. | 2005 Mar 15 |
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Acridine Orange based platinum(II) complexes inducing cytotoxicity and cell cycle perturbation in spite of GSTP1 up-regulation. | 2006 Jul 10 |
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Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and resistance to platinum versus platinum/paclitaxel containing chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer. | 2006 Jul 11 |
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Modulation of the cellular pharmacology of JM118, the major metabolite of satraplatin, by copper influx and efflux transporters. | 2006 Jun |
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XRCC1 Arginine194Tryptophan and GGH-401Cytosine/Thymine polymorphisms are associated with response to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer. | 2008 Dec |
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Phase III trial of observation versus six courses of paclitaxel in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in complete response after six courses of paclitaxel/platinum-based chemotherapy: final results of the After-6 protocol 1. | 2009 Oct 1 |
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Simultaneous analysis of the local and systemic immune responses in mice to study the occupational asthma mechanisms induced by chromium and platinum. | 2010 Nov 9 |
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A novel approach for a toxicity prediction model of environmental pollutants by using a quantitative structure-activity relationship method based on toxicogenomics. | 2011 |
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Hearing impairment after platinum-based chemotherapy in childhood. | 2011 Apr |
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Metal-based inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase--the guardian angel of DNA. | 2011 Apr 14 |
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Prognostic value of the copper transporters, CTR1 and CTR2, in patients with ovarian carcinoma receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. | 2011 Aug |
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Impact of platinum-based chemotherapy on the progression of atherosclerosis. | 2011 Feb |
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Cellular and biomolecular responses of human ovarian cancer cells to cytostatic dinuclear platinum(II) complexes. | 2011 Mar |
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Identification of contact and respiratory sensitizers according to IL-4 receptor α expression and IL-2 production. | 2012 Apr 15 |
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Treatment paradigms for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: first-, second-, and third-line. | 2012 Jun |
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Overcoming platinum resistance through the use of a copper-lowering agent. | 2012 Jun |
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies variants associated with platinating agent susceptibility across populations. | 2013 Feb |
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Evaluation of aggregating brain cell cultures for the detection of acute organ-specific toxicity. | 2013 Jun |
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Targeted agents in the third-/fourth-line treatment of patients with advanced (stage III/IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). | 2013 May |
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Carboplatin and oxaliplatin in sequenced combination with bortezomib in ovarian tumour models. | 2013 Nov 9 |
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Annexin A4-conferred platinum resistance is mediated by the copper transporter ATP7A. | 2014 Apr 15 |
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Cytotoxic response of platinum-coated gold nanorods in human breast cancer cells at very low exposure levels. | 2016 Nov |
Patents
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C637
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DSLD |
1855 (Number of products:29)
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6479
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23939
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SUB22193
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Platinum on carbon
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231-116-1
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SUB126885
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100000085419
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7440-06-4
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33400
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C756
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49DFR088MY
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1311280
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49DFR088MY
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m8914
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33364
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DTXSID9064681
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DB12257
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D010984
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ACTIVE MOIETY