Nonoxynol-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant and vaginal spermicide used for contraception in spermicidal creams, jellies, foams, gel, and lubricants. It is also used in conjuction with other methods of contraception, including condoms, cervical caps and diaphragms. Nonoxynol-9 interacts with the lipids in the membranes of the acrosome and the midpiece of the sperm. The sperm membranes are lysed; the acrosome, neck and midpiece of the spermatozoa are loosened and then detached which results in their immobilization and death. Nonoxynol-9 offers no protection against sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea, chlamydia and does not prevent HIV infection and may even favour infection if used frequently. A possible reason, is that nonoxynol-9 can disrupt the epithelium, or wall, of the vagina, thereby potentially facilitating invasion by an infective organism and virus. Nonoxynol-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products.
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: P35354 Gene ID: 5743.0 Gene Symbol: PTGS2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
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Target ID: CHEMBL614870 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL613758 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL3390826 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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| Preventing | TODAY VAGINAL CONTRACEPTIVE Approved UsePrevents pregnancy |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Synthesis of dual function (5R,6R)- and (5S,6S)-5-bromo-6-methoxy-5,6-dihydro-AZT-5'-(para-bromophenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphate) as novel spermicidal and anti-HIV agents. | 1999 Jan |
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| Novel derivatives of phenethyl-5-bromopyridylthiourea and dihydroalkoxybenzyloxopyrimidine are dual-function spermicides with potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. | 1999 Jun |
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| WHI-05, a novel bromo-methoxy substituted phenyl phosphate derivative of zidovudine, is a dual-action spermicide with potent anti-HIV activity. | 1999 May |
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| Synthesis, characterization and preclinical formulation of a dual-action phenyl phosphate derivative of bromo-methoxy zidovudine (compound WHI-07) with potent anti-HIV and spermicidal activities. | 1999 May |
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| Nonoxynol-9 may increase HIV transmission risk. | 2001 Aug-Sep |
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| Practical prevention of vaginal and rectal transmission of HIV by adapting the oral defense: use of commercial lubricants. | 2001 Jul 20 |
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| Nonoxynol-9 or Frankenstein? | 2001 May |
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| Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of HIV infection by women from men. | 2002 |
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| Sponge versus diaphragm for contraception. | 2002 |
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| Effects of chelating agents on the rheological property of cervical mucus. | 2002 Jun |
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| Nonoxynol-9 spermicide contraception use--United States, 1999. | 2002 May 10 |
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| Spermicides 2002: an overview. | 2002 Sep |
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| Effectiveness of COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, on HIV-1 transmission in female sex workers: a randomised controlled trial. | 2002 Sep 28 |
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| Nonoxynol-9 fails to prevents STDs, but microbicide research continues. | 2002 Sep 28 |
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| Nonoxynol-9 ineffective in preventing HIV infection. | 2003 Apr |
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| Rectal use of nonoxynol-9 among men who have sex with men. | 2003 Apr 11 |
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| Mechanism of action of some acrylophenones, quinolines and dithiocarbamate as potent, non-detergent spermicidal agents. | 2003 May |
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| Efficacy of animal anti-fertility compounds against sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) spermatozoa. | 2004 Apr 15 |
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| Condom use assessment of persons in drug abuse treatment. | 2004 Dec |
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| Synthesis and spermicidal activity of a putative nitric oxide-releasing derivative of nonoxynol-9. | 2004 Jul |
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| Spermicide used alone for contraception. | 2005 Oct 19 |
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| Impact of membrane cholesterol content on the resistance of vesicles to surfactant attack. | 2005 Oct 25 |
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C82130
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CHEMBL1410
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26027-38-3
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NONOXYNOL-9
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PRIMARY | Description: A clear, colourless to light yellow, viscous liquid. Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol (~750 g/l) TS and olive oil R. Category: Adjunctive contraceptive agent. Storage: Nonoxinol 9 should be kept in a tightly closed container.Additional information: Nonoxinol 9 should be kept away from oxidizing agents. RequirementsDefinition: Nonoxinol 9 is an anhydrous liquid mixture containing mainly monononylphenyl ethers of macrogols. The content is not less than 95.0% and not more than 105.0% of Nonoxinol 9, calculated with reference to the anhydroussubstance. | ||
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ACTIVE MOIETY
