U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C2H3Cl3O2
Molecular Weight 165.403
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Chloral hydrate

SMILES

OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl

InChI

InChIKey=RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C2H3Cl3O2/c3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h1,6-7H

HIDE SMILES / InChI
CHLORAL BETAINE, a chemical complex of chloral hydrate and betaine, is a nonbarbiturate sedative and hypnotic. It is indicated for sleep induction, preoperative sedation, and daytime sedation. CHLORAL BETAINE is converted to chloral hydrate in the body and its action on the central nervous system is identical with that of chloral hydrate.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Beta-Chlor

Approved Use

Cloral Betaine Tablets are used for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia which is interfering with normal daily life and where other therapies have failed. Cloral Betaine Tablets should be used as an adjunct to non-pharmacological therapies.

Launch Date

-2.20924805E11
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
106 μM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1056 μM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
12.8 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.102
healthy, 1.25
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.102
Disc. AE: Cyanosis, Lethargy...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cyanosis
Lethargy
Sources: Page: p.102
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 27
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Disc. AE: Hypotension, Ventricular tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hypotension
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources: Page: p.246
39 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.102
healthy, 3
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 3
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.102
Disc. AE: Lethargy...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Lethargy
Sources: Page: p.102
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources: Page: p.136
unhealthy, 38
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.136
Disc. AE: Cyanosis, Coma...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cyanosis
Coma
Hypotension
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources: Page: p.136
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 39
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Disc. AE: Supraventricular tachycardia, Premature ventricular contractions...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Supraventricular tachycardia
Premature ventricular contractions
Sources: Page: p.246
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 42
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Disc. AE: Chest pain, Tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Chest pain
Tachycardia
Sources: Page: p.246
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources: Page: p.232
healthy, 67
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 67
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.232
Disc. AE: Ventricular tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources: Page: p.232
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Cyanosis Disc. AE
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.102
healthy, 1.25
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.102
Lethargy Disc. AE
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.102
healthy, 1.25
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.102
Hypotension Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 27
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 27
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Lethargy Disc. AE
39 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Sources: Page: p.102
healthy, 3
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 3
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.102
Coma Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources: Page: p.136
unhealthy, 38
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.136
Cyanosis Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources: Page: p.136
unhealthy, 38
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.136
Hypotension Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources: Page: p.136
unhealthy, 38
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.136
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources: Page: p.136
unhealthy, 38
n = 1
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: Depression
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.136
Premature ventricular contractions Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 39
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Supraventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 39
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Chest pain Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 42
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Tachycardia Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources: Page: p.246
healthy, 42
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.246
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources: Page: p.232
healthy, 67
n = 1
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 67
Sex: F
Population Size: 1
Sources: Page: p.232
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer


Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
major
minor
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Clinical experience with chloral betaine, a preoperative sedative.
1963 Jul
A CHLORAL HYDRATE COMPLEX. CHLORAL BETAINE. (BETA-CHLOR).
1964 Dec 28
The effects of phenobarbital, chloral betaine, and glutethimide administration on warfarin plasma levels and hypoprothrombinemic responese in man.
1969 Jan-Feb
Oral and rectal absorption of chloral hydrate and its betaine complex.
1980 Feb

Sample Use Guides

To induce sleep, the recommended dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age is 870 mg to 1.7 gm approximately 15 to 30 minutes before bedtime. For preoperative sedation, the same amounts are given 60 to 90 minutes before surgery. The suggested sedative dosage is 870 mg given three times daily, with an additional dose at bedtime if necessary.
Route of Administration: Oral
Name Type Language
Chloral hydrate
EP   GREEN BOOK   HSDB   MI   USP   VANDF   WHO-DD   WHO-IP  
Systematic Name English
CLORAL HYDRATE [MART.]
Common Name English
CHLORALI HYDRAS [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
Chloral hydrate [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [MI]
Common Name English
CHLORALUM [HPUS]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [VANDF]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [JAN]
Common Name English
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANE-1,1-DIOL
Systematic Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
1,1-ETHANEDIOL, 2,2,2-TRICHLORO-
Systematic Name English
CHLORALUM
HPUS  
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [HSDB]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
NSC-3210
Code English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [IARC]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
CLORAL HYDRATE
MART.  
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
DEA NO. 2465
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023
WHO-VATC QN05CC01
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023
CFR 21 CFR 1308.22
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LIVERTOX 188
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE 268100
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NCI_THESAURUS C2199
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CFR 21 CFR 522.380
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WHO-ATC N05CC01
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Code System Code Type Description
CHEBI
28142
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PRIMARY
NSC
3210
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PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
CHLORAL HYDRATE
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PRIMARY
LACTMED
Chloral Hydrate
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m3341
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PRIMARY Merck Index
DRUG BANK
DB01563
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PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
2707
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PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C28922
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PRIMARY
CAS
302-17-0
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PRIMARY
HSDB
222
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PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
CHLORAL HYDRATE
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PRIMARY Description: Colourless, transparent or white crystals; odour, aromatic, pungent and characteristic. Solubility: Very soluble in water; freely soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS and ether R. Category: Premedication. Storage: Chloral hydrate should be kept in a tightly closed container. Additional information: Melting temperature, about 55 ?C; when exposed to air it slowly volatilizes. Requirement: Chloral hydrate contains not less than 98.5% and not more than 101.0% of C2H3Cl3O2.Note: Prepare the following test solution for use in "Identity tests A and B", and for "Clarity and colour". Dissolve 2.5 g in sufficientcarbon-dioxide-free water R to produce 25 mL.
MESH
D002697
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PRIMARY
DAILYMED
418M5916WG
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PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000085010
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PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13324MIG
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PRIMARY
RXCUI
2344
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PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB13325MIG
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ALTERNATIVE
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
206-117-5
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PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
586
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PRIMARY
FDA UNII
418M5916WG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID7020261
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:04:25 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL455917
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PRIMARY