Details
| Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
| Molecular Formula | C19H18N4O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 334.3725 |
| Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CC1CC(=NN=C1c2ccc3c(c2)nc(-c4ccc(cc4)OC)[nH]3)O
InChI
InChIKey=GLBJJMFZWDBELO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C19H18N4O2/c1-11-9-17(24)22-23-18(11)13-5-8-15-16(10-13)21-19(20-15)12-3-6-14(25-2)7-4-12/h3-8,10-11H,9H2,1-2H3,(H,20,21)(H,22,24)
DescriptionCurator's Comment:: description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1660359
Curator's Comment:: description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1660359
Pimobendan (INN, or pimobendane; tradenames Vetmedin, Acardi, and Heartmedin) is a veterinary medication. Under the trade name Acardi, it is available for human use in Japan. Usually, this medicine is used to treat acute heart failure and chronic heart failure (mild to moderate in severity). By increasing the calcium ion sensitivity to protein regulating myocardial contraction and also by inhibiting phosphodiesterase (PDE-III) activity, this medicine dilates the blood vessels and improves the symptoms of heart failure such as shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing. Pimobendan is metabolized into an active metabolite (desmethylpimobendan) by the liver. The parent compound, pimobendan, is a potent calcium sensitizer while desmethylpimobendan is a more potent phosphodiesterase III inhibitor. Pimobendan is 90–95% bound to plasma proteins in circulation. This may have implications in patients suffering from low blood protein levels (hypoproteinemia/hypoalbuminemia) and in patients that are on concurrent therapies that are also highly protein bound.
Approval Year
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Identification of cytochrome P-450 isoform(s) responsible for the metabolism of pimobendan in human liver microsomes. | 2000 Jan |
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| A case of severe hypoglycemia due to pimobendan. | 2001 Aug |
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| Effects of Ca2+ sensitizers on contraction, [Ca2+]i transient and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in diabetic rat myocardium: potential usefulness as inotropic agents. | 2001 Aug |
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| New pharmacological strategies for the treatment of heart failure. | 2001 Jul |
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| The role of inflammatory mediators in the failing heart: immunomodulation of cytokines in experimental models of heart failure. | 2001 Mar |
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| Beneficial effects of the Ca2+ sensitizer EMD 57033 in exercising pigs with infarction-induced chronic left ventricular dysfunction. | 2001 Oct |
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| Mechanism of action of Ca2+ sensitizers--update 2001. | 2001 Sep |
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| Decrease in Ca(2+)-sensitizing effect of UD-CG 212 Cl, a metabolite of pimobendan, under acidotic condition in canine ventricular myocardium. | 2001 Sep |
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| Disparate force-frequency effects of pimobendan and dobutamine in conscious dogs with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy. | 2002 Dec |
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| Normalization of left ventricular parameters following combined pimobendan and carvedilol treatment in a case of unclassified cardiomyopathy with longstanding refractory status. | 2002 Dec |
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| Effects of pimobendan on adverse cardiac events and physical activities in patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure: the effects of pimobendan on chronic heart failure study (EPOCH study). | 2002 Feb |
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| Beta-blocker therapy combined with low-dose pimobendan in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: report on two cases. | 2002 May |
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| Inotropic agents and immune modulation. | 2002 May |
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| A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of pimobendan in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. | 2002 May-Jun |
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| Combined endpoints: can we use them? | 2002 Oct 15 |
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| Mechanisms of action of novel cardiotonic agents. | 2002 Sep |
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| Low-dose systemic phosphodiesterase III inhibitor pimobendan combined with prostacyclin therapy in a patient with severe primary pulmonary hypertension. | 2003 Jul |
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| Role of nonglycosidic inotropic agents: indications, ethics, and limitations. | 2003 Mar |
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| Inhibition and facilitation by pimobendan, a calcium sensitizer, of catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. | 2003 Mar |
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| Effects of rolipram, pimobendan and zaprinast on ischaemia-induced dysrhythmias and on ventricular cyclic nucleotide content in the anaesthetized rat. | 2003 Mar |
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| Plasma concentration profile of orally administered pimobendan and plasma brain natriuretic peptide level in patients with severe heart failure. | 2003 May |
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| [Roles of cytokines in the pathogenesis of heart failure]. | 2003 May |
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| Do medical house officers value the health of veterans differently from the health of non-veterans? | 2004 Apr 7 |
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| Successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia after drug-induced cardiomyopathy. | 2004 Sep |
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| Use of pimobendan in the management of heart failure. | 2004 Sep |
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| Increased mitral valve regurgitation and myocardial hypertrophy in two dogs with long-term pimobendan therapy. | 2005 |
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| [Cytokine antagonists and endothelin antagonists for therapy of heart failure]. | 2005 Feb 10 |
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| Pharmacokinetic characterization of transcellular transport and drug interaction of digoxin in Caco-2 cell monolayers. | 2005 Jan |
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| A review of levosimendan in the treatment of heart failure. | 2006 |
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| Clinical efficacy of pimobendan versus benazepril for the treatment of acquired atrioventricular valvular disease in dogs. | 2006 Jul-Aug |
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| Acute heart failure: inotropic agents and their clinical uses. | 2006 Nov |
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| New insights in the treatment strategy for pulmonary arterial hypertension. | 2006 Oct |
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| Beta-blockers use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concomitant cardiovascular conditions. | 2007 |
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| Knock-in mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by troponin mutation. | 2007 Jul 20 |
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| [Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor--characteristics, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, indications, contraindications, clinical trials, and side effects]. | 2007 May 28 |
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| Anaesthesia for the geriatric dog and cat. | 2008 Jun 1 |
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| Alterations in vasomotor control of coronary resistance vessels in remodelled myocardium of swine with a recent myocardial infarction. | 2008 May |
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| Canine heart disease: progress and promise. | 2008 Nov |
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| Patients' self-assessed functional status in heart failure by New York Heart Association class: a prognostic predictor of hospitalizations, quality of life and death. | 2010 Feb |
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| Synthesis of new 4,5-3(2H)pyridazinone derivatives and their cardiotonic, hypotensive, and platelet aggregation inhibition activities. | 2010 Jan |
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| Human cardiac tissue in a microperfusion chamber simulating extracorporeal circulation--ischemia and apoptosis studies. | 2010 Jan 18 |
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| Canine degenerative myxomatous mitral valve disease: natural history, clinical presentation and therapy. | 2010 Jul |
Sample Use Guides
Acute heart failure: usually for adults, one capsule (2.5 mg of pimobendan) once daily
Chronic heart failure (mild to moderate in severity): usually for adults, one capsule (2.5 mg of pimobendan) twice daily after meals
Route of Administration:
Oral
composite platelet aggregation (area under the curve [AUC]) and maximal platelet aggregation (aggregation units [AUs]) at 10.0μM pimobendan were significantly decreased for collagen-induced aggregation (AUC, 349.7 ± 58.4 vs 285.1 ± 72.2; maximal platelet aggregation, 196.2 ± 25.8 AUs vs 161.5 ± 38.0 AUs), and the AUC and velocity of aggregation at 10.0μM pimobendan were significantly decreased for ADP-induced aggregation (AUC, 268.5 ± 35.1 vs 213.4 ± 77.2; velocity of aggregation, 15.7 ± 2.9 AUs/min vs 11.8 ± 3.5 AUs/min).
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CFR |
21 CFR 520.1780
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EMA VETERINARY ASSESSMENT REPORTS |
FORTEKOR PLUS (AUTHORISED)
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C744
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| Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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1569315
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34AP3BBP9T
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PIMOBENDAN
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SUB09845MIG
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118428-36-7
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CHEMBL24646
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2171
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C041648
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M8815
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DB11450
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C82305
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74150-27-9
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5090
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1110783
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4823
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PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE ACTIVE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)
