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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula NO
Molecular Weight 30.0061
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of NITRIC OXIDE

SMILES

[N]=O

InChI

InChIKey=ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/HNO/c1-2/h1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24560804 http://www.reading.ac.uk/nitricoxide/intro/no/discovery.htm

In mammals Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important cellular signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes. It is a powerful vasodilator with a short half-life of a few seconds in the blood. Low levels of nitric oxide production are important in protecting organs such as the liver from ischemic damage. Nitric oxide production is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is essential for hepatic lipid metabolism under starvation. Nitric oxide (INOmax) is indicated to improve oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in term and near-term (>34 weeks gestation) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with clinical or echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension in conjunction with ventilatory support and other appropriate agents. Nitric oxide relaxes vascular smooth muscle by binding to the heme moiety of cytosolic guanylate cyclase, activating guanylate cyclase and increasing intracellular levels of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate, which then leads to vasodilation. When inhaled, nitric oxide selectively dilates the pulmonary vasculature, and because of efficient scavenging by hemoglobin, has minimal effect on the systemic vasculature. INOmax appears to increase the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) by dilating pulmonary vessels in better-ventilated areas of the lung, redistributing pulmonary blood flow away from lung regions with low ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratios toward regions with normal ratios. NO, can be generated in large quantities and has detrimental effects on the CNS. NO has been shown to increase permeability of the BBB, allowing substances to enter into the brain passively. Because of its importance in neuroscience, physiology, and immunology, NO was proclaimed "Molecule of the Year" in 1992. Research into its function led to the 1998 Nobel Prize for discovering the role of nitric oxide as a cardiovascular signaling molecule (Furchgott, Murad and Ignarro).

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: NO can be generated in large quantities and has detrimental effects on the CNS. NO has been shown to increase permeability of the BBB, allowing substances to enter into the brain passively.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Palliative
INOMAX

Approved Use

INOmax is a vasodilator indicated to improve oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in term and near-term (>34 weeks gestation) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with clinical or echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension in conjunction with ventilatory support and other appropriate agents.

Launch Date

9.4582079E11
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
[The effect of nitric oxide administration on pateints with pulmonary hypertension: a dose-response study].
1998 Feb
N-Acetyl-cysteine inhibition of encephalomyelitis Theiler's virus-induced nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor-alpha production by murine astrocyte cultures.
1999
Diet-induced protection against lipopolysaccharide includes increased hepatic NO production.
1999 Apr
Effects of the wine polyphenolics quercetin and resveratrol on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
1999 Apr 15
Effects of amlodipine on nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and coronary microcirculation in prolonged nitric oxide blockade-induced hypertensive rats.
1999 Aug
Increased vulnerability of neuronal cell lines to sodium nitroprusside-mediated toxicity is caused by the decreased level of nitric oxide metabolites.
1999 Aug-Oct
Endogenous endothelial cell nitric-oxide synthase modulates apoptosis in cultured breast cancer cells and is transcriptionally regulated by p53.
1999 Dec 31
Suppression of nitric oxide synthase and the down-regulation of the activation of NFkappaB in macrophages by resveratrol.
1999 Feb
Systemic hypotension on withdrawal from inhaled nitric oxide in an adult patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
1999 Feb
Sildenafil ameliorates effects of inhaled nitric oxide withdrawal.
1999 Jul
Aortic connexin43 is decreased during hypertension induced by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase.
1999 Jul
Critical role of sulfenic acid formation of thiols in the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by nitric oxide.
1999 Jul 1
Nitric oxide suppresses apoptosis via interrupting caspase activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured hepatocytes.
1999 Jun 11
Nitric oxide, superoxide radicals and mast cells in pathogenesis of indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions in rats.
1999 Mar
Modifications induced by LDL from type 1 diabetic patients on endothelial cells obtained from human umbilical vein.
1999 Nov
Beta2-adrenergic receptor stimulation inhibits nitric oxide generation by Mycobacterium avium infected macrophages.
1999 Nov 1
Nitric oxide induces Zn2+ release from metallothionein by destroying zinc-sulphur clusters without concomitant formation of S-nitrosothiol.
1999 Nov 15
Nitric oxide inhalation inhibits pulmonary apoptosis but not inflammatory injury in porcine meconium aspiration.
1999 Oct
Vascular effects of endothelin-1 in essential hypertension: relationship with cyclooxygenase-derived endothelium-dependent contracting factors and nitric oxide.
2000
The potential role of nitric oxide in the hypertrophic growth of the left ventricle.
2000
Nitric oxide-compromised hypertension: facts and enigmas.
2000
Nociceptin receptor activation produces nitric oxide-mediated systemic hypotension.
2000
Angiotensin in the nucleus tractus solitarii contributes to neurogenic hypertension caused by chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibition.
2000 Aug
Nitric oxide induces thymocyte apoptosis via a caspase-1-dependent mechanism.
2000 Aug 1
Copper-dependent formation of disulfide-linked dimer of S100B protein.
2000 Feb 15
Nitric oxide synthase in toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
2000 Jan
Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors attenuate ozone-induced airway inflammation in guinea pigs. Possible role of interleukin-8.
2000 Jan
Nitric oxide-producing CD11b(+)Ly-6G(Gr-1)(+)CD31(ER-MP12)(+) cells in the spleen of cyclophosphamide-treated mice: implications for T-cell responses in immunosuppressed mice.
2000 Jan 1
Glyceryl trinitrate induced headache in migraineurs - relation to attack frequency.
2000 Jul
Cytokines induce apoptosis in beta-cells isolated from mice lacking the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS-/-).
2000 Jul
Acetaminophen inhibits iNOS gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages: differential regulation of NF-kappaB by acetaminophen and salicylates.
2000 Jun 16
Nitric oxide inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis by reducing the generation of ceramide.
2000 May 9
Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase enhances the myocardial toxicity of phenylpropanolamine.
2000 Nov
Role of nitric oxide in adrenocorticotrophin-induced hypertension: L-arginine effects reversed by N-nitro-L-arginine.
2000 Nov
Female sex steroids: effects upon microglial cell activation.
2000 Nov 1
Synergy between ethanol and grape polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol, in the inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway.
2000 Nov 15
Endothelins and endothelin receptor antagonists: therapeutic considerations for a novel class of cardiovascular drugs.
2000 Nov 7
High-calcium diet enhances vasorelaxation in nitric oxide-deficient hypertension.
2000 Sep
Nitric oxide-induced headache in patients with chronic tension-type headache.
2000 Sep
Regulation of diaphragmatic nitric oxide synthase expression during hypobaric hypoxia.
2000 Sep
Lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production and protein oxidation in mouse peritoneal macrophages are affected by glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout.
2001 Aug 15
Role for endothelin-1-induced superoxide and peroxynitrite production in rebound pulmonary hypertension associated with inhaled nitric oxide therapy.
2001 Aug 17
The phosphodiesterase inhibitors pentoxifylline and rolipram suppress macrophage activation and nitric oxide production in vitro and in vivo.
2001 Feb
15-Deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2, but not troglitazone, modulates IL-1beta effects in human chondrocytes by inhibiting NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation pathways.
2001 Jul 13
Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) and quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced release of nitric oxide.
2001 Jul 31
Prostaglandins and nitric oxide mediate superoxide-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction in isolated rat hearts.
2001 Jun
Calcitonin gene-related peptide levels during nitric oxide-induced headache in patients with chronic tension-type headache.
2001 Mar
Patents

Patents

Sample Use Guides

20 ppm, maintained for up to 14 days or until the underlying oxygen desaturation has resolved
Route of Administration: Respiratory
In Vitro Use Guide
Curator's Comment: In epithelial cells, NO increased apoptosis by 2.1 +/- 0.2-fold, augmented mRNA expression of Bax, and reduced expression of Bcl-2 compared with basal cultures. In stromal cells, NO increased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, an effect that was blocked by a NO synthase inhibitor.
Unknown
Name Type Language
NITRIC OXIDE
EMA EPAR   EP   HSDB   JAN   MART.   MI   ORANGE BOOK   USAN   VANDF   WHO-DD  
USAN  
Official Name English
NITROGEN(II) OXIDE
Systematic Name English
NITROGEN OXIDE
Systematic Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
NITROSYL RADICAL
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [HSDB]
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [EMA EPAR]
Common Name English
OHM-11771
Code English
INOVENT
Brand Name English
AMIDOGEN, OXO-
Brand Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [JAN]
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
Nitric oxide [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [MI]
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [VANDF]
Common Name English
GENOSYL
Brand Name English
NITRIC OXIDE TRIMER
Common Name English
NITRIC OXIDE [USAN]
Common Name English
INOMAX
Brand Name English
Nitrogen monoxide
Systematic Name English
NITROGEN OXIDE (NO)
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 603917
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
EU-Orphan Drug EU/3/15/1484
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 340811
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 368512
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 265708
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 551716
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
LOINC 74369-0
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000175940
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 192104
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 756820
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 638918
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
WHO-VATC QR07AX01
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 74493
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 621517
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 443914
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 551616
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
CFR 21 CFR 862.3080
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
NCI_THESAURUS C687
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 90595
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 193304
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS INOMAX (AUTHORIZED: RESPITORY INSUFFICIENCY, HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 403613
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000009909
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
WHO-ATC R07AX01
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
DSLD 1699 (Number of products:1)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
Code System Code Type Description
EVMPD
SUB12540MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Nitric Oxide
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
M7934
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY Merck Index
RXCUI
7442
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY RxNorm
HSDB
1246
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00435
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C695
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CAS
10102-43-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
31C4KY9ESH
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
USAN
KK-93
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
1948
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1200689
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID1020938
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
2509
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
233-271-0
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
NITRIC OXIDE
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
145068
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB03447MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CHEBI
16480
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MESH
D009569
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
31C4KY9ESH
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:35:45 UTC 2022
PRIMARY