Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C20H23N |
Molecular Weight | 277.4033 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CNCCCC12CCC(C3=CC=CC=C13)C4=CC=CC=C24
InChI
InChIKey=QSLMDECMDJKHMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H23N/c1-21-14-6-12-20-13-11-15(16-7-2-4-9-18(16)20)17-8-3-5-10-19(17)20/h2-5,7-10,15,21H,6,11-14H2,1H3
Maprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant with similar pharmacological properties to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Similar to TCAs, maprotiline inhibits neuronal norepinephrine reuptake, possesses some anticholinergic activity, and does not affect monoamine oxidase activity. It differs from TCAs in that it does not appear to block serotonin reuptake. Maprotiline may be used to treat depressive affective disorders, including dysthymic disorder (depressive neurosis) and major depressive disorder. Maprotiline is effective at reducing symptoms of anxiety associated with depression. The mechanism of action of maprotiline is not precisely known. It does not act primarily by stimulation of the central nervous system and is not a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The postulated mechanism of maprotiline is that it acts primarily by potentiation of central adrenergic synapses by blocking reuptake of norepinephrine at nerve endings. This pharmacologic action is thought to be responsible for the drug’s antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. The mean time to peak is 12 hours. The half-life of elimination averages 51 hours.
CNS Activity
Originator
Sources: https://patents.google.com/patent/US3399201
Curator's Comment: # Swiss manufacturer Geigy (now Novartis) since the early 1980's
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL222 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17984940 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | MAPROTILINE HYDROCHLORIDE Approved UseMaprotiline hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of depressive illness in patients with depressive neurosis (dysthymic disorder) and manic depressive illness, depressed type (major depressive disorder). Maprotiline is also effective
for the relief of anxiety associated with de pression. Launch Date5.9175358E11 |
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Primary | MAPROTILINE HYDROCHLORIDE Approved UseMaprotiline hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of depressive illness in patients with depressive neurosis (dysthymic disorder) and manic depressive illness, depressed type (major depressive disorder). Maprotiline is also effective
for the relief of anxiety associated with de pression. Launch Date5.9175358E11 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
139 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6775331 |
125 mg single, oral dose: 125 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
MAPROTILINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: FASTED |
|
17.6 ng/mL DRUG LABEL https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00014410.PDF |
75 mg single, oral dose: 75 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
MAPROTILINE plasma | Homo sapiens |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
3244 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6775331 |
125 mg single, oral dose: 125 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
MAPROTILINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
44.3 h DRUG LABEL https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00014410.PDF |
75 mg single, oral dose: 75 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
MAPROTILINE plasma | Homo sapiens |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Other AEs: Nervousness, Anxiety... Other AEs: Nervousness (6%) Sources: Anxiety (3%) Insomnia (2%) Agitation (2%) Drowsiness (16%) Dizziness (8%) Tremor (3%) Dry mouth (22%) Constipation (6%) Blurred vision (4%) Nausea (2%) Weakness (4%) Headache (4%) Fatigue (4%) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Drowsiness | 16% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Agitation | 2% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Insomnia | 2% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Nausea | 2% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Dry mouth | 22% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Anxiety | 3% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Tremor | 3% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Blurred vision | 4% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Fatigue | 4% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Headache | 4% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Weakness | 4% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Constipation | 6% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Nervousness | 6% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Dizziness | 8% | 75 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (starting) Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 75 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depressive illness Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
likely |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
likely | likely (co-administration study) Comment: Relevant inhibition of the desmethylmaprotiline formation rate was observed in incubations with quinidine, furafylline and ketoconazole only Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12071336/ |
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yes | likely (co-administration study) Comment: Relevant inhibition of the desmethylmaprotiline formation rate was observed in incubations with quinidine, furafylline and ketoconazole only Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12071336/ |
|||
yes | likely (co-administration study) Comment: Relevant inhibition of the desmethylmaprotiline formation rate was observed in incubations with quinidine, furafylline and ketoconazole only Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12071336/ |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
[Behavior pharmacology of maprotiline, a new antidepressant]. | 1975 Nov |
|
The serotonin syndrome. | 1992 Oct |
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Tianeptine: a review of its use in depressive disorders. | 2001 |
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[Psychiatric and psychological aspects of premenstrual syndrome]. | 2001 Nov-Dec |
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Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in the brain. | 2002 Apr |
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Differential effects of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist on the anti-immobility effects of noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the forced swimming test. | 2002 Dec 20 |
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The effects of tricyclic antidepressants on breast cancer risk. | 2002 Jan 7 |
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An investigation of monoamine receptors involved in antinociceptive effects of antidepressants. | 2002 Jul |
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7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane as a new derivatization reagent for high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography: rapid screening of plasma for some antidepressants. | 2002 Jul 15 |
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Antipsychotic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant drugs induce type II nitric oxide synthase mRNA in rat brain. | 2002 Nov 29 |
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Optimised procedures for the reversed-phase liquid chromatographic analysis of formulations containing tricyclic antidepressants. | 2003 Apr 24 |
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[11C]-DASB, a tool for in vivo measurement of SSRI-induced occupancy of the serotonin transporter: PET characterization and evaluation in cats. | 2003 Feb |
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Tricyclic antidepressants as long-acting local anesthetics. | 2003 May |
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A comparative solid-phase extraction study for the simultaneous determination of fluoxetine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, trimipramine, maprotiline, clomipramine, and trazodone in whole blood by capillary gas-liquid chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. | 2003 Sep |
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[(11)C]PE2I: a highly selective radioligand for PET examination of the dopamine transporter in monkey and human brain. | 2003 Sep |
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Frontotemporal arachnoid cyst connected to relapsing stupor. | 2004 Winter |
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Dose-response relationship of recent antidepressants in the short-term treatment of depression. | 2005 |
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The AGNP-TDM Expert Group Consensus Guidelines: focus on therapeutic monitoring of antidepressants. | 2005 |
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Analgesic therapy in postherpetic neuralgia: a quantitative systematic review. | 2005 Jul |
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[Detection of maprotiline and proserine in forensic medical examination of cadaver]. | 2005 Mar-Apr |
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Inhibition of cardiac HERG potassium channels by antidepressant maprotiline. | 2006 Feb 15 |
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Dopamine release in human neocortical slices: characterization of inhibitory autoreceptors and of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-evoked release. | 2006 Jan 30 |
|
Increasing synaptic noradrenaline, serotonin and histamine enhances in vivo binding of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (R)-[11C]rolipram in rat brain, lung and heart. | 2006 Jun 20 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Initial Adult Dosage: 75 mg daily is suggested for outpatients with mild
to moderate depression. However, in some patients, particularly the elderly, an initial dosage of 25 mg daily may be used. Because of the long half-life of maprotiline, the initial dosage should be maintained for 2 weeks. The dosage may then be increased gradually in 25 mg increments as required and tolerated. In most outpatients a maximum dose of 150 mg daily
More severely depressed, hospitalized patients should be given an initial daily dose of 100 mg to 150 mg which may be gradually increased as required and tolerated. Most hospitalized patients with moderate to severe depression respond to a daily dose of 150 mg although dosages as high as 225 mg may be re quired in some cases. Daily dosage of 225 mg should not be exceeded. Elderly Patients: In general, lower dosages are recommended for patients over 60 years of age. Dosages of 50 mg to 75 mg daily are usually satisfactory as maintenance therapy for elderly patients who do not tolerate higher amounts.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16736158
Maprotiline inhibited hERG currents with an IC(50) of 8.2 micromol/l in HEK cells and 29.2 micromol/l in Xenopus oocytes
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581
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C265
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C61824
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Maprotiline
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m7083
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6646
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2402
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D008376
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ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)