Details
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Molecular Formula | C20H26N2.C4H4O4 |
Molecular Weight | 410.506 |
Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
E/Z Centers | 1 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.CC(CN(C)C)CN1C2=C(CCC3=C1C=CC=C3)C=CC=C2
InChI
InChIKey=YDGHCKHAXOUQOS-BTJKTKAUSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H26N2.C4H4O4/c1-16(14-21(2)3)15-22-19-10-6-4-8-17(19)12-13-18-9-5-7-11-20(18)22;5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h4-11,16H,12-15H2,1-3H3;1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b;2-1-
Trimipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant similar to imipramine, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties. It was sold under brand name surmontil for the relief of symptoms of depression. Endogenous depression is more likely to be alleviated than other depressive states. In studies with neurotic outpatients, the drug appeared to be equivalent to amitriptyline in the less-depressed patients but somewhat less effective than amitriptyline in the more severely depressed patients. In hospitalized depressed patients, trimipramine and imipramine were equally effective in relieving depression. Trimipramine has been reported to differ from other typical tricyclic antidepressant drugs in several aspects, for instance it does not inhibit neuronal transmitter uptake and does not cause down-regulation of beta-adrenoceptors. Moreover, it may possess antipsychotic activity in schizophrenic patients. In addition, was found that it did not antagonize the inhibitory effect of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine on the release of transmitter, mediated by presynaptic auto receptors. In radioligand binding studies, trimipramine showed fairly high affinities for some dopamine (DA), noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtypes (5-HT2 receptors = alpha 1A/B-adrenoceptors greater than or equal to D2 receptors), intermediate affinities for D1 receptors, alpha 2B-adrenoceptors and 5-HT1C receptors but only low affinities for alpha 2A-adrenoceptors, 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D and 5-HT3 receptors. It may thus be classified as an atypical neuroleptic drug.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: CHEMBL217 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1663593 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2095200 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1663593 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2096676 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1663593 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Primary | SURMONTIL Approved UseSURMONTIL is indicated for the relief of symptoms of depression. Endogenous depression is more likely to be alleviated than other depressive states. In studies with neurotic outpatients, the drug appeared to be equivalent to amitriptyline in the less-depressed patients but somewhat less effective than amitriptyline in the more severely depressed patients. In hospitalized depressed patients, trimipramine and imipramine were equally effective in relieving depression. Launch Date1979 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
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92.1 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14520122/ |
75 mg single, oral dose: 75 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIMIPRAMINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
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2.13 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14520122/ |
75 mg single, oral dose: 75 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIMIPRAMINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
31 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14520122/ |
75 mg single, oral dose: 75 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
TRIMIPRAMINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
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OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
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Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
likely | ||||
yes [IC50 31 uM] |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
likely | ||||
yes [Km 258 uM] | ||||
yes | ||||
yes |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
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PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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[Instead of benzodiazepines. An antidepressant as sleep aid]. | 2001 Jan 18 |
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Connection between lithium and muscular incoordination. | 2002 Feb |
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Enantiomers' potential in psychopharmacology--a critical analysis with special emphasis on the antidepressant escitalopram. | 2002 Oct |
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Therapeutic drug monitoring of 13 antidepressant and five neuroleptic drugs in serum with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | 2003 Dec |
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Antipsychotic efficacy of the antidepressant trimipramine: a randomized, double-blind comparison with the phenothiazine perazine. | 2003 Mar-Apr |
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Sleep and psychiatry. | 2005 |
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Antidepressants and their effect on sleep. | 2005 Dec |
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Protonation of trimipramine salts of maleate, mesylate and hydrochloride observed by 1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy. | 2005 Feb |
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Galactorrhea during treatment with trimipramine. A case report. | 2005 Nov |
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Perazine for schizophrenia. | 2006 Apr 19 |
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[Trazodone for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective study focused on the aggression and negativism in caregiving situations]. | 2006 Jun |
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Trimipramine for refractory panic attacks. | 2006 Mar |
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Solid-phase extraction and analysis of 20 antidepressant drugs in human plasma by LC/MS with SSI method. | 2006 Oct 16 |
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An electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric investigation of selected psychoactive pharmaceuticals and its application in drug and metabolite profiling by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. | 2007 |
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Antidepressant therapy in tinnitus. | 2007 Apr |
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Differential neurotoxicity of tricyclic antidepressants and novel derivatives in vitro in a dorsal root ganglion cell culture model. | 2007 Aug |
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Aplastic right coronary artery and left coronary artery with a separate origin of the circumflex branch in a 31-year-old woman. | 2007 Dec 20 |
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Shifts in metabolic parameters surrounding glucose homoeostasis resulting from tricyclic antidepressant therapy: implications of insulin resistance? | 2007 Jan |
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Efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants in irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis. | 2009 Apr 7 |
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Different mechanisms are involved in apoptosis induced by melanoma gangliosides on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. | 2009 Jun |
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Accuracy of Veterans Affairs databases for diagnoses of chronic diseases. | 2009 Oct |
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Drugs associated with more suicidal ideations are also associated with more suicide attempts. | 2009 Oct 2 |
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Persistent tinnitus induced by tricyclic antidepressants. | 2010 Aug |
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Interaction of the human plasma membrane monoamine transporter (hPMAT) with antidepressants and antipsychotics. | 2010 Jan |
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Role of human UGT2B10 in N-glucuronidation of tricyclic antidepressants, amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, and trimipramine. | 2010 May |
Sample Use Guides
Outpatients and Office Patients: initially, 75 mg/day in divided doses, increased to 150 mg/day. Dosages over 200 mg/day are not recommended. Maintenance therapy is in the range of 50 to 150 mg/day. For convenient therapy and to facilitate patient compliance, the total dosage requirement may be given at bedtime.
Hospitalized Patient: initially, 100 mg/day in divided doses. This may be increased gradually in a few days to 200 mg/day, depending upon individual response and tolerance. If improvement does not occur in 2 to 3 weeks, the dose may be increased to the maximum recommended dose of 250 to 300 mg/day.
Adolescent and Geriatric Patients: initially, a dose of 50 mg/day is recommended, with gradual increments up to 100 mg/day, depending upon patient response and tolerance.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21484238
It was investigated whether trimipramine and three of its metabolites interact with targets of other antidepressants, namely, the human monoamine transporters for noradrenaline (hNAT), serotonin (hSERT), and dopamine (hDAT), and with the human organic cation transporters (hOCT1, hOCT2, and hOCT3) which are expressed in the brain and are known to be involved in the uptake of monoamines. HEK293 cells heterologously expressing the abovementioned transporters were used to determine the inhibition of [(3)H]MPP(+) uptake by trimipramine and its main metabolites. At concentrations up to 30 μM, all transporters, except hOCT3, were inhibited by all examined substances. With IC(50) values between 2 and 10 μM, trimipramine inhibited hSERT, hNAT, hOCT1, and hOCT2, whereas clearly higher concentrations were needed for half-maximal inhibition of hDAT. Desmethyl-trimipramine showed about the same potencies as trimipramine, whereas 2-hydroxy-trimipramine was less potent at hNAT, hSERT, and hOCT1. Trimipramine-N-oxide preferentially inhibited hSERT.
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C94727
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ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD