ENFUVIRTIDE

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12457443 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30836922 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30000878 | https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00109 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/021481s032lbl.pdf

Enfuvirtide is a linear 36-amino acid synthetic peptide that inhibits the fusion of HIV-1 with CD4 cells. Enfuvirtide works by disrupting the HIV-1 molecular machinery at the final stage of fusion with the target cell, preventing uninfected cells from becoming infected. Enfuvirtide interferes with the entry of HIV-1 into cells by inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes. Enfuvirtide binds to the first heptad-repeat (HR1) in the gp41 subunit of the viral envelope glycoprotein and prevents the conformational changes required for the fusion of viral and cellular membranes. Enfuvirtide is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, in combination therapy with other antiretrovirals, in patients where all other treatments have failed. Common adverse drug reactions associated with enfuvirtide therapy include: injection site reactions (pain, hardening of skin, erythema, nodules, cysts, itch; experienced by nearly all patients, particularly in the first week), peripheral neuropathy, insomnia, depression, cough, dyspnoea, anorexia, arthralgia, infections (including bacterial pneumonia) and/or eosinophilia.

Approval Year

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
HIV-1 infection 150 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/FUZEON.html	Primary		Approved 8360	FUZEON Approved Use FUZEON is an HIV-1 fusion inhibitor indicated for use in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in treatment experienced patients with HIV-1 replication despite ongoing antiretroviral therapy. Launch Date 1.0475136E12

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Strong in vitro synergy between the fusion inhibitor T-20 and the CXCR4 blocker AMD-3100.	2000 Oct 1	11103038
What's taking T-20 so long?	2001 Apr	11590938
[On the path to "e-HAART"? Glimpse at salvage therapy].	2001 Apr 2	11373771
New class of HIV drugs shows promise.	2001 Dec	11726950
Role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope in the anti-HIV activity of the betulinic acid derivative IC9564.	2001 Jan	11120945
Mode of action of an antiviral peptide from HIV-1. Inhibition at a post-lipid mixing stage.	2001 Jan 12	11027678
AIDS. Still no vaccine, but better antiviral drugs are on the way.	2001 Jan 15	11195691
Membrane-anchored peptide inhibits human immunodeficiency virus entry.	2001 Mar	11222732
The importance of sequencing in treatment options.	2001 May-Jun	11686121
T-20 phase III studies underway.	2001 Oct	11708190
Anti-HIV agents. T-20 shows its potency.	2002 Aug	12238452
Five new drugs enter the homestretch.	2002 Dec	12635598
New drugs show promise in attacking HIV.	2002 Dec	12572158
Enfuvirtide.	2002 Dec	12457443
New-Fill on "hold" and open-label for T-20.	2002 Jan-Feb	12216532
Long-term treatment with subcutaneous T-20, a fusion inhibitor, in HIV-infected patients: patient satisfaction and impact on activities of daily living.	2002 Jul	12194730
Gateways to Clinical Trials. June 2002.	2002 Jun	12168506
Emergence of resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in patients receiving fusion inhibitor (T-20) monotherapy.	2002 Jun	12019106
T-20: a model for novel anti-HIV drugs in development.	2002 Nov	12494906
HIV medicine after Barcelona conference: interview with Howard Grossman, M.D. Interview by John S. James.	2002 Sep 6	12765126
Subcutaneous injection survey: psychometric evaluation of a treatment satisfaction instrument associated with a novel HIV medication.	2002 Sep-Oct	12407488
Stopping HIV fusion with enfuvirtide: the first step to extracellular HAART.	2003 Feb	12562683
First fusion inhibitor for advanced HIV.	2003 Jul	12877130
[HIV infections: further options for combination therapy].	2003 Jul 11	12899165
Gateways to clinical trials.	2003 Jun	12851663
Uncommon mutations at residue positions critical for enfuvirtide (T-20) resistance in enfuvirtide-naive patients infected with subtype B and non-B HIV-1 strains.	2003 Jun 1	12794544
[First fusion inhibitor is available. No entry for HIV-1 viruses].	2003 Jun 19	12891854
Treatment with a new fusion inhibitor: patient issues with enfuvirtide (T-20). A review of the presentation at the satellite symposium "New hope: advancing care in HIV infection" at the 15th annual Association of Nurses in AIDS Care conference, November 2002.	2003 Mar	12765161
New classes of HIV drugs on the horizon. A review of the presentation at the satellite symposium "New hope: advancing care in HIV infection" at the 15th annual Association of Nurses in AIDS Care conference, November 2002.	2003 Mar	12765159
Entry inhibitors SCH-C, RANTES, and T-20 block HIV type 1 replication in multiple cell types.	2003 Mar	12689409
New antiretroviral drugs.	2003 Mar	12667250
T-20: most expensive AIDS drug ever at $25,000 per year?	2003 Mar 14	12712938
The optimal use of enfuvirtide.	2003 May	12809103
Enfuvirtide.	2003 May	12755128
Enfuvirtide approved for defusing HIV.	2003 May	12726955
Primary resistance mutations to fusion inhibitors and polymorphisms in gp41 sequences of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and recombinants.	2003 May 2	12700461
Fusion inhibition--a major but costly step forward in the treatment of HIV-1.	2003 May 29	12773653
Efficacy of enfuvirtide in patients infected with drug-resistant HIV-1 in Europe and Australia.	2003 May 29	12773645
[HIV-1 fusion inhibitor improves treatment in HIV-1-resistant patients].	2003 May 9	12774800
New class of medications approved for advance HIV.	2003 May-Jun	12793380

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Adults: Recommended dosage of Enfuvirtide is 90 mg (1 mL) twice daily injected subcutaneously into the upper arm, anterior thigh, or abdomen. Pediatric Patients (weighing at least 11kg): Recommended dose of 2 mg/kg twice daily up to a maximum dose of 90 mg twice daily injected subcutaneously.

Route of Administration: Other

Name

Type

Language

ENFUVIRTIDE

Official Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

DP-178

Code

English

T-20

Code

English

FUZEON

Brand Name

English

DP178

Code

English

enfuvirtide [INN]

Common Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [EMA EPAR]

Common Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [USAN]

Common Name

English

Enfuvirtide [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

T20

Code

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

ENFUVIRTIDE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000175616