U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula CO2
Molecular Weight 44.0095
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Carbon dioxide

SMILES

O=C=O

InChI

InChIKey=CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas occurring naturally in Earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a primary carbon source for life on Earth. It is produced by all aerobic organisms during metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Carbon dioxide is used in food industry as an acidity regulator and for production of carbonated soft drinks and soda water. In medicine, carbon dioxide is commonly used as an insufflation gas for minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy, endoscopy, and arthroscopy) to enlarge and stabilize body cavities to provide better visibility of the surgical area. A mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen is used for stimulation of breathing after apnea, in anesthetic procedures to increase the depth of respiration, to facilitate blind intubations in anesthetic practice.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Carbon dioxide is naturally produced in all tissues.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used to stimulate respiration after a period of apnoea
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used in chronic respiratory obstruction after it has been relieved
Palliative
Unknown

Approved Use

Carbon dioxide is used to increase cerebral blood flow in arteriosclerotic patients undergoing surgery
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Crystal structure of NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase.
1992 Jun 1
Characteristic hydrogen concentrations for various redox processes in batch study.
2001
Prevention of caries by pulsed CO2 laser pre-treatment of enamel: an in-vitro study.
2001 Dec
On-line estimation of the metabolic burden resulting from the synthesis of plasmid-encoded and heat-shock proteins by monitoring respiratory energy generation.
2001 Dec
Cloning and functional expression of an MIP (AQP0) homolog from killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) lens.
2001 Dec
Modulation by muscarinic antagonists of the response to carbon dioxide challenge in panic disorder.
2001 Feb
Synthetic routes and lipase-inhibiting activity of long-chain alpha-keto amides.
2001 May
Primary donor photo-oxidation in photosystem I: a re-evaluation of (P700(+) - P700) Fourier transform infrared difference spectra.
2001 Oct 30
An indirect ELISA for detection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in farmed blue foxes (Alopex lagopus).
2002
Prevalence of fat embolism following bilateral simultaneous and unilateral total hip arthroplasty performed with or without cement : a prospective, randomized clinical study.
2002 Aug
Benzothiazole degradation by Rhodococcus pyridinovorans strain PA: evidence of a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity.
2002 Dec
Selective detection and assignment of the solution NMR signals of bacteriochlorophyll a in a reconstituted subunit of a light-harvesting complex.
2002 Feb 13
Salivary cortisol concentrations before and after carbon-dioxide inhalations in children.
2002 Feb 15
[Study on the expression of E2 gene of classical swine fever virus in Pichia pastoris and the immunological activity of its expression product].
2002 Jan
Gas-phase ozonolysis of alkenes: formation of OH from anti carbonyl oxides.
2002 Jul 24
HPV in "carcinoma in situ" associated with HIV/AIDS infection: a case report.
2002 Mar-Apr
[Comparative estimation of effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used for postoperative pain management].
2003
[Severe nephrotic syndrome in a young man taking anabolic steroid and creatine long term].
2003 Dec 7
Applications of laser-based ultrasonics to the characterization of the internal structure of teeth.
2003 Jul
[Effect of premedication on the formation of postoperative pain syndrome].
2003 Jul-Aug
Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty for the treatment of snoring and mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
2003 Jun
Tretinoin treatment before carbon-dioxide laser resurfacing: a clinical and biochemical analysis.
2004 Dec
Isolation and characterization of a novel sphingomonad capable of growth with chrysene as sole carbon and energy source.
2004 Dec 15
Dynamic co-evolution of peptides and chemical energetics, a gateway to the emergence of homochirality and the catalytic activity of peptides.
2004 Feb
CO2, not HCO3-, facilitates oxidations by Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase plus H2O2.
2004 Jan 20
Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley alkynylation of aldehydes: essential modification of aluminium alkoxides for rate acceleration and asymmetric synthesis.
2004 Nov 21
Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm capacitation / acrosome reaction.
2004 Nov 9
Optical-fiber-to-waveguide coupling using carbon-dioxide-laser-induced long-period fiber gratings.
2005 Aug 15
[Development of gastrotonometry and the future of its use in the monitoring of critically ill patients].
2005 Jan 23
Strong effects of an individual water molecule on the rate of light-driven charge separation in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center.
2005 Jul 22
Differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells into cells with a neural phenotype: diverse effects of two specific treatments.
2006 Feb 16
Characterisation of stationary phases in subcritical fluid chromatography with the solvation parameter model. III. Polar stationary phases.
2006 Mar 31
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Carbon dioxide is usually administered through the lungs by inhalation. The major exceptions are when a metered supply is fed into the oxygenator of an extracorporeal circulation of a cardiopulmonary bypass system, and when the gas is used for laparoscopic surgery. As an additive to beverages, carbon dioxide is consumed orally.
Route of Administration: Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Unknown
Name Type Language
Carbon dioxide
EP   FCC   HSDB   II   INCI   MART.   MI   USP   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INCI  
Official Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [INCI]
Common Name English
INS NO.290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [HSDB]
Common Name English
E-290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
DRY ICE (SOLID FORM)
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [VANDF]
Common Name English
INS-290
Code English
CARBON DIOXIDE [JAN]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [II]
Common Name English
CO2
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [MI]
Common Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [FCC]
Common Name English
Carbon dioxide [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
CARBONIC ACID ANHYDRIDE
Systematic Name English
CARBON DIOXIDE [MART.]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
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NDF-RT N0000180185
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NDF-RT N0000010258
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JECFA EVALUATION INS-290
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WHO-ATC A06AX02
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LOINC 19212-0
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CFR 21 CFR 862.1160
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) INS-290
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE 16601
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WHO-VATC QA06AX02
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG 465114
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CFR 21 CFR 184.1240
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WHO-VATC QV03AN02
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WHO-ATC V03AN02
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Code System Code Type Description
DRUG CENTRAL
4256
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
142M471B3J
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:39:24 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000076280
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PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB09157
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PRIMARY
CAS
124-38-9
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PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID4027028
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PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m3079
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PRIMARY Merck Index
HSDB
516
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PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1231871
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PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
CARBON DIOXIDE
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PRIMARY
DAILYMED
142M471B3J
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PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
280
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PRIMARY
MESH
D002245
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PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C65288
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PRIMARY
RXCUI
2034
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PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB13243MIG
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PRIMARY
CHEBI
16526
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PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
204-696-9
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PRIMARY