Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | CO2 |
Molecular Weight | 44.0095 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O=C=O
InChI
InChIKey=CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3
Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas occurring naturally in Earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a primary carbon source for life on Earth. It is produced by all aerobic organisms during metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Carbon dioxide is used in food industry as an acidity regulator and for production of carbonated soft drinks and soda water. In medicine, carbon dioxide is commonly used as an insufflation gas for minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy, endoscopy, and arthroscopy) to enlarge and stabilize body cavities to provide better visibility of the surgical area. A mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen is used for stimulation of breathing after apnea, in anesthetic procedures to increase the depth of respiration, to facilitate blind intubations in anesthetic practice.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.boconline.co.uk/internet.lg.lg.gbr/en/images/medical_carbon_dioxide410_56027.pdf?v=2.0
Curator's Comment: Carbon dioxide is naturally produced in all tissues.
Originator
Approval Year
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Primary | Unknown Approved UseCarbon dioxide is used to stimulate respiration after a period of apnoea |
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Primary | Unknown Approved UseCarbon dioxide is used in chronic respiratory obstruction after it has been relieved |
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Palliative | Unknown Approved UseCarbon dioxide is used to increase cerebral blood flow in arteriosclerotic patients undergoing surgery |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Crystal structure of NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase. | 1992 Jun 1 |
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Characteristic hydrogen concentrations for various redox processes in batch study. | 2001 |
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Prevention of caries by pulsed CO2 laser pre-treatment of enamel: an in-vitro study. | 2001 Dec |
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On-line estimation of the metabolic burden resulting from the synthesis of plasmid-encoded and heat-shock proteins by monitoring respiratory energy generation. | 2001 Dec |
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Cloning and functional expression of an MIP (AQP0) homolog from killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) lens. | 2001 Dec |
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Modulation by muscarinic antagonists of the response to carbon dioxide challenge in panic disorder. | 2001 Feb |
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Synthetic routes and lipase-inhibiting activity of long-chain alpha-keto amides. | 2001 May |
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Primary donor photo-oxidation in photosystem I: a re-evaluation of (P700(+) - P700) Fourier transform infrared difference spectra. | 2001 Oct 30 |
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An indirect ELISA for detection of Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in farmed blue foxes (Alopex lagopus). | 2002 |
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Prevalence of fat embolism following bilateral simultaneous and unilateral total hip arthroplasty performed with or without cement : a prospective, randomized clinical study. | 2002 Aug |
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Benzothiazole degradation by Rhodococcus pyridinovorans strain PA: evidence of a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity. | 2002 Dec |
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Selective detection and assignment of the solution NMR signals of bacteriochlorophyll a in a reconstituted subunit of a light-harvesting complex. | 2002 Feb 13 |
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Salivary cortisol concentrations before and after carbon-dioxide inhalations in children. | 2002 Feb 15 |
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[Study on the expression of E2 gene of classical swine fever virus in Pichia pastoris and the immunological activity of its expression product]. | 2002 Jan |
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Gas-phase ozonolysis of alkenes: formation of OH from anti carbonyl oxides. | 2002 Jul 24 |
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HPV in "carcinoma in situ" associated with HIV/AIDS infection: a case report. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
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[Comparative estimation of effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used for postoperative pain management]. | 2003 |
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[Severe nephrotic syndrome in a young man taking anabolic steroid and creatine long term]. | 2003 Dec 7 |
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Applications of laser-based ultrasonics to the characterization of the internal structure of teeth. | 2003 Jul |
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[Effect of premedication on the formation of postoperative pain syndrome]. | 2003 Jul-Aug |
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Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty for the treatment of snoring and mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. | 2003 Jun |
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Tretinoin treatment before carbon-dioxide laser resurfacing: a clinical and biochemical analysis. | 2004 Dec |
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Isolation and characterization of a novel sphingomonad capable of growth with chrysene as sole carbon and energy source. | 2004 Dec 15 |
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Dynamic co-evolution of peptides and chemical energetics, a gateway to the emergence of homochirality and the catalytic activity of peptides. | 2004 Feb |
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CO2, not HCO3-, facilitates oxidations by Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase plus H2O2. | 2004 Jan 20 |
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Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley alkynylation of aldehydes: essential modification of aluminium alkoxides for rate acceleration and asymmetric synthesis. | 2004 Nov 21 |
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Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm capacitation / acrosome reaction. | 2004 Nov 9 |
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Optical-fiber-to-waveguide coupling using carbon-dioxide-laser-induced long-period fiber gratings. | 2005 Aug 15 |
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[Development of gastrotonometry and the future of its use in the monitoring of critically ill patients]. | 2005 Jan 23 |
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Strong effects of an individual water molecule on the rate of light-driven charge separation in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center. | 2005 Jul 22 |
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Differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells into cells with a neural phenotype: diverse effects of two specific treatments. | 2006 Feb 16 |
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Characterisation of stationary phases in subcritical fluid chromatography with the solvation parameter model. III. Polar stationary phases. | 2006 Mar 31 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Carbon dioxide is usually administered through the lungs by inhalation. The major exceptions are when a metered supply is fed into the oxygenator of an extracorporeal circulation of a cardiopulmonary bypass system, and when the gas is used for laparoscopic surgery. As an additive to beverages, carbon dioxide is consumed orally.
Route of Administration:
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ACTIVE MOIETY
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