Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C27H31FN4O8 |
Molecular Weight | 558.5554 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 4 / 4 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC3=C(F)C=C(NC(=O)CN4CCCC4)C(O)=C3C(=O)C1=C(O)[C@]5(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H](N(C)C)[C@]5([H])C2
InChI
InChIKey=HLFSMUUOKPBTSM-ISIOAQNYSA-N
InChI=1S/C27H31FN4O8/c1-31(2)20-13-8-11-7-12-14(28)9-15(30-16(33)10-32-5-3-4-6-32)21(34)18(12)22(35)17(11)24(37)27(13,40)25(38)19(23(20)36)26(29)39/h9,11,13,20,34,36-37,40H,3-8,10H2,1-2H3,(H2,29,39)(H,30,33)/t11-,13-,20-,27-/m0/s1
Eravacycline, known as Xerava by Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals, is a fully synthetic fluorocycline antibiotic of the tetracycline class with activity against clinically significant gram-negative, gram-positive aerobic, and facultative bacteria. This includes most of those bacteria resistant to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, multidrug-resistant strains, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and the majority of anaerobic pathogens. It was first approved by the FDA on August 27, 2018. Eravacycline disrupts bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit thus preventing the incorporation of amino acid residues into elongating peptide chains.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL354 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22354310 |
|||
Target ID: P0A7V8 Gene ID: 947793.0 Gene Symbol: rpsD Target Organism: Escherichia coli (strain K12) |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Curative | XERAVA Approved UseXERAVA is a tetracycline class antibacterial indicated for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in patients 18 years of age and older. (1.1)
Limitations of Use
XERAVA is not indicated for the treatment of complicated urinary tract
infections (cUTI). (1.1)
To reduce the development of drug -resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of XERAVA and other antibacterial drugs, XERAVA
should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. (1.2) Launch Date2018 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2125 ng/mL |
1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1825 ng/mL |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
4305 ng × h/mL |
1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
6309 ng × h/mL |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
20 h |
1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
20 h |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
15.5% |
1 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
15.5% |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ERAVACYCLINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
3 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Other AEs: Nausea, Vomiting... Other AEs: Nausea (grade 1-2, >10) Sources: Vomiting (grade 1-2, <10%) |
1.5 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous MTD Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
|
1 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Pyrexia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Pyrexia (2.4%) Sources: |
0.25 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Dose: 0.25 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 0.25 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Pyrexia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Pyrexia (2.4%) Sources: |
1.5 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous (min) Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
DLT: Nausea, Vomiting... Dose limiting toxicities: Nausea Sources: Vomiting |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous MTD|Highest studied dose Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Phlebitis superficial... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Phlebitis superficial (4.2%) Sources: |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Decreased appetite, Nausea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Decreased appetite (4.2%) Sources: Nausea (4.2%) Vomiting (4.2%) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Vomiting | grade 1-2, <10% | 3 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Nausea | grade 1-2, >10 | 3 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 3 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Pyrexia | 2.4% Disc. AE |
1 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Pyrexia | 2.4% Disc. AE |
0.25 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Dose: 0.25 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 0.25 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Nausea | DLT | 1.5 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous (min) Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Vomiting | DLT | 1.5 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous (min) Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1.5 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 18–48 years n = 42 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 18–48 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 42 Sources: |
Phlebitis superficial | 4.2% Disc. AE |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous MTD|Highest studied dose Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Decreased appetite | 4.2% Disc. AE |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Nausea | 4.2% Disc. AE |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Vomiting | 4.2% Disc. AE |
1 mg/kg 2 times / day multiple, intravenous Recommended Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 1 mg/kg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 19–50 years n = 24 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 19–50 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 24 Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
no | ||||
weak [Inhibition 85.6 uM] | ||||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2018/211109Orig1s000MultidisciplineR.pdf#page=76 Page: 76,88 |
yes [Inhibition 36 uM] | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2018/211109Orig1s000MultidisciplineR.pdf#page=76 Page: 76,88 |
yes [Inhibition 36 uM] | |||
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2018/211109Orig1s000MultidisciplineR.pdf#page=76 Page: 76,88 |
yes [Inhibition 36 uM] |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
Page: 13.0 |
no | |||
yes | ||||
Page: 13.0 |
yes | yes (co-administration study) Comment: Concomitant use of itraconazole (strong CYP3A inhibitor) increased eravacycline Cmax by 5% and AUC by 32%, and decreased eravacycline clearance by 32% Page: 13.0 |
||
Page: 13.0 |
yes | yes (co-administration study) Comment: Concomitant use of rifampin (strong CYP3A4/3A5 inducer) decreased eravacycline AUC by 35% and increased eravacycline clearance by 54% Page: 13.0 |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Use Guides
Administer XERAVA for injection 1 mg/kg by intravenous infusion over
approximately 60 minutes every 12 hours for a total duration of 4 to
14 days. (2.1)
• Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child Pugh C): 1 mg/kg XERAVA
every 12 hours on Day 1, then 1 mg/kg every 24 hours starting on Day 2 for a total duration of 4 to 14 days. (2.2)
• Concomitant Use of a Strong Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes (CYP)3A
Inducer: 1.5 mg/kg XERAVA every 12 hours for a total duration of 4 to
14 days. (2.3)
For injection: 50 mg of eravacycline (equivalent to 63.5 mg eravacy
cline dihydrochloride) as a lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial for
reconstitution and further dilution.
Route of Administration:
Intravenous
In vitro activity data from Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals studies on the following groups of combined bacterial species:
Enterobacteriaceae, 5975 isolates, MIC90 0.5 mcg/mL, ECOV 1 ug/mL
All Enterococcus spp., 1403 isolates, MIC90 0.06 ug/mL, ECOV 0.25 ug/mL
All Viridans Group Streptococcus, 414 isolates, MIC90 0.06 ug/mL, ECOV 0.12 ug/mL
Anaerobes, 1190 isolates, MIC90 1 ug/mL, ECOV 1 ug/mL
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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WHO-ATC |
J01AA13
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DB12329
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CHEMBL1951095
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Eravacycline
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Eravacycline
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ACTIVE MOIETY
METABOLITE INACTIVE (PARENT)
METABOLITE INACTIVE (PARENT)
METABOLITE INACTIVE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)