Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | Al.3HO.H2O |
Molecular Weight | 96.0188 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3]
InChI
InChIKey=SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K
InChI=1S/Al.4H2O/h;4*1H2/q+3;;;;/p-3
DescriptionSources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htmCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/international/algeldrate.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12222737 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115023 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479434
Sources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htm
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.drugs.com/international/algeldrate.html | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12222737 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115023 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15479434
Algeldrate (Aluminium hydroxide) is the amphoteric inorganic compound used as an antacid in the treatment of Duodenal, Peptic and Stomach Ulcer and some other conditions. Aluminium hydroxide is preferred over other alternatives such as sodium bicarbonate because Al(OH)3, being insoluble, does not increase the pH of stomach above 7 and hence, does not trigger secretion of excess acid by the stomach. Brand names include Alu-Cap, Aludrox, Gaviscon or Pepsamar. It reacts with the excess acid in the stomach, reducing the acidity of the stomach content, which may relieve the symptoms of ulcers, heartburn or dyspepsia. Such products can cause constipation, because the aluminum ions inhibit the contractions of smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract, slowing peristalsis and lengthening the time needed for stool to pass through the colon. Some such products (such as Maalox) are formulated to minimize such effects through the inclusion of equal concentrations of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate, which have counterbalancing laxative effects. This compound is also used to control phosphate (phosphorus) levels in the blood of people suffering from kidney failure. Precipitated aluminum hydroxide is included as an adjuvant in some vaccines (e.g. anthrax vaccine). One of the well-known brands of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant is Alhydrogel, made by Brenntag Biosector. Since it absorbs protein well, it also functions to stabilize vaccines by preventing the proteins in the vaccine from precipitating or sticking to the walls of the container during storage. Aluminium hydroxide is sometimes mistakenly called "alum", which properly refers to aluminum potassium sulfate. Vaccine formulations containing aluminum hydroxide stimulate the immune system by inducing the release of uric acid, an immunological danger signal. This strongly attracts certain types of monocytes which differentiate into dendritic cells. The dendritic cells pick up the antigen, carry it to lymph nodes, and stimulate T cells and B cells. It appears to contribute to induction of a good Th2 response, so is useful for immunizing against pathogens that are blocked by antibodies. In the 1960s and 1970s, it was speculated that aluminum was related to various neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Since then, multiple epidemiological studies have found no connection between exposure to aluminum and neurological disorders.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: GO:0002548 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Preventing | Alhydrogel Approved UseUnknown |
|||
Primary | Gelusil-Lac Approved UseUnknown |
|||
Primary | Gastracid Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
[TNF-alpha secretion by human macrophage-like cells in response to wear particles and its modification by drugs]. | 1999 May |
|
The influence of alumina and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene particles on osteoblast-osteoclast cooperation. | 2004 Aug |
|
Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, -9 and tissue inhibitors TIMP-1, -2 expression and secretion by primary human osteoblast cells in response to titanium, zirconia, and alumina ceramics. | 2004 Jan 1 |
|
Comparison of the response of primary human blood monocytes and the U937 human monocytic cell line to two different sizes of alumina ceramic particles. | 2004 Jul |
|
Large aqueous aluminum hydroxide molecules. | 2006 Jan |
|
Human macrophage response to UHMWPE, TiAlV, CoCr, and alumina particles: analysis of multiple cytokines using protein arrays. | 2008 Feb |
|
The effects of implant surface nanoscale features on osteoblast-specific gene expression. | 2009 Sep |
|
Aluminum nanoparticle exposure in L1 larvae results in more severe lethality toxicity than in L4 larvae or young adults by strengthening the formation of stress response and intestinal lipofuscin accumulation in nematodes. | 2011 Jan |
|
Zeta potential and solubility to toxic ions as mechanisms of lung inflammation caused by metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. | 2012 Apr |
|
Al₂O₃ nanoparticles induce mitochondria-mediated cell death and upregulate the expression of signaling genes in human mesenchymal stem cells. | 2012 Nov |
|
Atomic layer deposition coating of carbon nanotubes with aluminum oxide alters pro-fibrogenic cytokine expression by human mononuclear phagocytes in vitro and reduces lung fibrosis in mice in vivo. | 2014 |
|
Toxicoproteomic analysis of pulmonary carbon nanotube exposure using LC-MS/MS. | 2015 Mar 2 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.rlsnet.ru/tn_index_id_12707.htm
Adults and children over 15 years: 1-2 table (400-800ьп). 4 times a day 1 hour after meals and in the evening before bed or if there is discomfort, epigastric pain, heartburn.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362170
Bone marrow cells were cultured for 9 d in dendritic cells (DC) culture medium (DC-CM; RPMI 1640 containing GlutaMAX-I; Invitrogen) supplemented with 5% (vol/vol) FCS (Sigma-Aldrich), 50 μ M 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich), 50 μ g/ml gentamicin (Invitrogen), and 20 ng/ml recombinant mouse GM-CSF (a gift from K. Thielemans, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium). 16 h before harvesting, DCs were exposed either to 10 μ g/ml of OVA, alum (Algeldrate), or OVA-alum suspension.
Name | Type | Language | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
Official Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Code | English | ||
|
Common Name | English |
Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
CFR |
21 CFR 347.10
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
||
|
WHO-ATC |
A02AB02
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
||
|
NCI_THESAURUS |
C29633
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
4250
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
22721319
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
SUB11700MIG
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
SUB26144
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
DBSALT002587
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
Aluminium hydroxide
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
1330-44-5
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
613
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
|
03J11K103C
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
1945
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
SUB12825MIG
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
03J11K103C
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
C75025
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 17:55:23 GMT 2023
|
PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD