MK-6186 is a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) which displays subnanomolar potency against wild-type (WT) HIV virus and the two most prevalent NNRTI-resistant RT mutants (K103N and Y181C) in biochemical assays. In addition, it showed excellent antiviral potency against K103N and Y181C mutant viruses. In 2010 MK-6186 was studied in phase I clinical trials but no further development reports were published.

EW-7197 is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), also known as activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), with potential antineoplastic activity. EW-7197 is in phase I clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors. Also, EW-7197 has a strong potential as an anti-fibrosis therapeutic agent.

Galactosamine is a hexosamine derived from galactose with the molecular formula C6H13NO5. A few amino sugars, including galactosamine, have been shown to kill tumors in the laboratory. It is unlikely to be used in cancer therapy, however. D-galactosamine is a hepatotoxic, or liver-damaging, agent. Researchers studying animal models of liver failure sometimes use D-galactosamine to induce liver damage. Galactosamine is also helpful for researchers studying agents that might protect the liver from damage.

(+)-selfotel ((+)-CGS-19755) is an enantiomer of selfotel, a competitive antagonist at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-preferring receptors. The inhibition of NMDA-evoked ACh release from rat striatal slices is stereospecific, with the (+)-enantiomer less potent than the (-)-enantiomer.

E-6005 is a novel PDE4 inhibitor developed as a topical agent for atopic dermatitis (AD). It potently and selectively inhibited human PDE4 activity and suppressed the production of various cytokines from human lymphocytes and monocytes. In mice models, the topical application of E6005 produced an immediate antipruritic effect as well as an anti-inflammatory effect with reduced expression of cytokines/adhesion molecules. E-6005 increases the cutaneous concentration of cAMP to relieve dermatitis-associated itching. E-6005 may be a promising novel therapeutic agent with antipruritic activity for the treatment of AD. E-6005 is currently in phase 2 development for patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.